How To Buy The Right Printer \^t- COMPUTB The Leading Magazine Of Home, Educational, And Recreational Computing $2.50 June 1983 Issue 37 Vol. 5, No. 6 £1.85 in UK 63379 Using Printers With The TI-99/4A And The TRS-80 Color Computer Astrostorm, Hawkmen OfDindrin, And More Ready To Run Game Programs For VIC-20, 64 Atari, Apple, And TI-99/4A Atari Player Missiles Simplified: A Tutorial Approach MusicMaster For Commodore 64 Structured BASIC For The TI-99/4A I74'i70'l63379' 06 ;uiurt;^, GcHTies, And An ig f«e«^R>lumn-Qa. Computer Happenings: C^itihe RoSd With '^oted^uthor Fred D'Ignazio See us at Booth #1146 co[miiPiH/SPRIM6 '83 Apiil 36-37. ][?S3 Gao'gio Wofld Conoriii CanUr ond Thi ATlorrfa ApparalMarT Arlnnla, Giorgho MORE THAN JUST ANonn pnnTY ncE. Says who? Says ANSI. Specifically, subcommittee X3B8 of the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) says so. The fact is all Elephant™ floppies meet or exceed the specs required to meet or exceed all their standards. But just who is "subcommittee X3B8" to issue such pronouncements? They're a group of people representing a large, well-balanced cross section of disciplines— from academia, government agencies, and the computer industry People from places like IBM, Hewlett-Packard, 3M, Lawrence Livermore Labs, The U.S. Department of Defense, Honeywell and The Association of Com- puter Programmers and Analysts. In short, it's a bunch of high-caliber nitpickers whose mission, it seems, in order to make better disks for consumers, is olso to make life miserable for everyone in the disk-making business. How? By gathering together periodically (often, one suspects, under the full moon) to concoct more and more rules to increase the quality of flexible disks. Their most recent rule book runs over 20 single- spaced pages— listing, and insisting upon— hundreds upon hundreds of standards a disk must meet in order to be blessed by ANSI. (And thereby be taken seriously by people who take disks seriously.) In fact, if you'd like a copy of this formidable docu- ment, for free, just let us know and we'll send you one. Because once you know what it takes to make an Elephant for ANSI . . . We think you'll want us to make some Elephants for you. ELEPHANl HEJWYDUTYnSKS. For a free poster-size portrait of our powerful pachyderm, please write us. Distributed Exclusively by Leading Edge Products, Inc., 225 Turnpike Street, Canton, Massachusetts 02021 Call: toll-free 1-800-343-6833; or in Massachusetts call collect (617) 828-8150. Telex 951-624. FOR YOUR COMMODORE WORDPROCESSING NEEDS INVEST IN THE BEST iifesslona rfessiooai puus rtus WORDPRO PLUS. IN A ClASS BY ITSELF. When choosing a Word Processor (or your Commodore'" computer, there's no reason to settle tor anything but the best — in a worrf. . .WordPro'". With over 30,000 happy clients churning out letters and documents all over the world, the WordPro Plus'" Series is unquestionably the #1 selling soft- ware package on Commodore computers! So when you choose WordPro, you know you're Investing in a trial-tested program that's a real winner. And WordPro is NOW available for your Commodore 64" computer— at prices starting as low as 389.95, Designed for the user who has no computer or word processing experience whatsoever. WordPro Plus brings a new dimension to the term "usef- friendly." More than just easy to use, WordPro will turn your Commodore computer into a sophisticated time saving word processing tool — loaded with the same inventory of features found in systems costing much, much more. Our nationwide team of over 600 Professional Soflwara/Commodofe com- puter dealers will help you choose the WordPro Plus system that is best for your needs. Our full-service dealers have been set up to provide strong customer support. In addition to helping you choose the right system, many Professional Software dealers also offer WordPro Plus training and system installation. Professional Software offers a complete spectrum of WordPro word process- ing software for Commodore computers ranging from the Commodore 64 to the more business oriented 8000/9000 series computers. And WordPro 4 Plus and 5 Plus also interact with our database management systems includ- ing InfoPro and The Administrator. So whatever your Word Processing needs, there's a WordPro system that's right for you. WordPro" and WordPro Plus" are Irademarks of Professional Software Inc The WordPro Plus Series was designed and written by Steve Punter ot Pro Micro Software Ltd. Commodore'" and the Commodore 84" are trademarks of Commodore Electronics. Inc. Dealer inquiries invited. Wor(«Vo3nu»/«4" i Invest in the best. . . WordPro Plus. In a class by itself. Call us today for the name of the WordPro Plus dealer nearest you. Professional Software Inc. 51 FrefTiont Street Needham, MA 02194 (617)444-5224 Telex: 951579 SPINNAKER'S UNE OF EARLY LEARNING GAMES ISGR0IMNG AS EAST AS YOUR CHILD'S MIND. Watching your kids grow up is a lot of fun. But making sure their minds grow as fast as their bodies is even more rewarding. That's where we can help. With a growing line of Early Learning Programs that are not only lots of fun to play but also educational. Some of the games you see on these two pages help exercise your child's creativity. Others help improve vocabulary and spelling skills. While others improve your child's writing and reading abilities. And all of them help your child understand how to use the computer. So if you're looking for computer programs that do more than just "babysit" for your kids, read on. You'll find that our Early Learning Programs are not only compatible with Applef Atari® IBM" and Connmodore 64™ computers, but also with kids who like to have fun. HEY DIDDLE DIDDLE™ Poetry in motion. Ages 3 to 10. Kids love rhymes. And since HEY DIDDLE DIDDLE features 30 classic rhymes with full color graphics and the neatest computer music you've ever heard, it makes rhyme games more fun than ever before. Plus, it makes it fun for kids to read, helps them understand how words and rhymes create poetry and lets them take fragmented thoughts and rearrange them to form coherent verse. Apple. IBM and Atari are registerai trademarks of Apple Computer. Inc.. International Business Machines Corp. and Atari. Inc. respectively. Commodore 64 is a trademark of Commodore Electronics limited. The story of STORY MACHINE™ Ages 5 to 9. STORY MACHINE is tike a storybook come tx) life. Using the key- board, your children write their own fun little stories. The computer then takes what they've written and animates their story on the screen, com- plete with full color graphics and sound. STORY MACHINE helps your children learn to write correctly, become familiar with the keyboard, and lets them have fun exercising their creativity at the same time. KINDERC0MP7" Numbers, shapes, letters, words and drawings make fun. Ages 3 to 8. KINDERCOMP is a game that allows very young children to start learning on the computer It's a collection of learning exercises that ask your children to match shapes and letters, write their names, draw pictures, or fill in missing numbers. And KINDER- COMP will delight kids with color- ful rewards, as the screen comes to life when correct answers are given. As a parent, you can enjoy the fact that your children are having fun while improving their reading readiness and counting skills. PACEMAKER™ makes faces fun. Ages 4 to 12. PACEMAKER lets chil- dren create their own funny faces on the screen. Once a face is completed, your children will giggle with delight as they make it do all kinds of neat things: wink, smile, wiggle its ears, or whatever their imagination desires. Plus, PACEMAKER helps children become com- fortable with computer fundamentals such as: menus, cursors, the return key. the space bar. simple programs, and graphics. PACEMAKER won't make parents frown because their children will have fun making friends with the computer SPtNTMKnff © 1983. Spinnaker Software Corp. All rights reserved, V\fe make learning fun. A -^ ^^°^^^rani'^''^^ ^r even ^«^P" oO"" June 1983 Vol. 5, No. 6 FEATURES 36 HowToBuyThe Right Printer Charles Brannon 44 The New, Low-Cost Printers KothyYakal 61 Using A Printer With The TI-99/4A C.Regena 63 Commodore ToASCII For Printers Thomas Henty 70 Connecting A Printer To The TRS-80 Color Computer Ottis Cowper EDUCATION AND RECREATION 72 Astrostorm Peter Lear 86 The Hawkmen Of Dindrin Estebon V.Aguilar. Jr. 102 Bee Trap Rotiert L, Lykins 112 Memorv Trainer Harvey B. Herman 122 MusicMoster For The Commodore 64 Chris Metcaif and lylarcSugiyama REVIEWS 134 Commodore 64 Programmer's Reference Guide Anu M, Gupta 136 The Printographer Graphics Printer Package For The Apple Richard Cornelius 137 Marathon For Atari Mike Kinnamon 138 Disk Data Manager For VIC And 64 Col Hunter 140 Ghost Encounters For Atari Tina Halcomb COLUMNS AND DEPARTMENTS 6 The Editor's Notes Robert Lock 10 Readers' Feedback The Editors and Readers of COMPUTE! 18 Computers and Society: Androids And Robots David D. Thorn burg 24 The Beginner's Page Richard Mansfield 26 Questions Beginners Ask Tom R. Halfhill 30 On The Road With Fred DTgnazio: Twilight Of The Computer Hacker Fred D'Ignazio 150 Friends Of The Turtle: HES Turtle Graphics II David D. Thornburg 152 The World Inside The Computer: Turning Logo Upside Down Fred D'Ignazio 160 Learning With Computers Glenn M, Kleiman 164 Micros With The Handicapped: Developing A Communications Program Susan Semoncil^and C. Marshall Curtis 182 Programming The Tl: Translating Programs Info Tl BASIC C.Regena 214 Insight: Atari Biil Wilkinson 250 MachineLanguage:NumericOutput, Part II Jim Butterfield THE JOURNAL 167 168 175 180 •185 188 -194 200 204 206 -210 -213 216 219 223 224 226 234 235 238 242 246 254 -256 -260 272 144 148 274 279 294 295 304 Data Searcher Jerry Sturdivant Apple Shape Generator J.F.Johnson Atari Player/Missile Graphics Simplified Staffon Sandberg Slow List On The VIC-20 Ken Bowd VIC, 64, And PET Supermon Questions And Answers Jim Butterfield An Interesting Fragment Of Code Chris Crawford Commodore64Video- A Guided Tour, Part V Jim Butterfield Easy VIC Machine Language Saves Poul Christensen Tl Structured BASIC Steven M. Ruhl Atari Formats Sheldon Leemon Joysticks For The Commodore 64 Michael A Tyborski L)nNEWForTheVICAnd64 Jim Wilcox Machine Language Saver JohnO. Battle Automatic Atari DATA Statements Richard Dorfner Atari Fast Shuffle James E. Korenthat VIC Contractor Peter Lear Custom Characters On Atari Charles Delp Sinclair/Timex Screen Splitter Harold Miller VIC Power Spirals Bruce Jordan Using The Atari Timer Stephen Levy Visiting The VlC-20 Video, Part II Jim Butterfield PET Reiative File Field Separator T AZucol Atari Reset Run Thomas A Marshall Soft-16For Commodore 64 Douglas D. Nicoll Minefield Seonlgo Relocation Calculator Linton Chostain A Beginner's Guide To Typing in Programs How To Type COMPUTEi's Programs CAPUTE! Modifications Or Corrections To Previous Articles News & Products Calendar Product Mart Advertisers Index NOTE: See page 148 before typing in progroms. GUIDE TO ARTICLES AND PROGRAMS Tl PA//64 C V/ATWAP V/AT/64 V/AT/C 64A//P/ATffl/AP 64 64 AP AT V/64 AT V/P Tl AT PMM AP AT V V/64/P 64 V Tl AT 64 V/64 V/64 AT AT V AT ST V AT V P AT 64 V/64/AP/P C AP Apple. AT Atari, P PET/ CBM,V VIC-20, OOSI.C Radio Shack Color Com- puter, 64 Commodore 64, S/T Sinciair ZX-81, Tl Texas Instruments, */\ll or several oftheabove. COMPUTE! Ttie Journal for Progressive Computing (USPS: 537250) is published 12 times e.icli year by Small System SemcfS, Inc., P.O. Box 5406, Greensboro, NC 27403 USA. Phone; (919[275-9H0y. Edilorijl Offices are located at 505 Edwardiii Drive, Greensboro, NC 27409. Domestic Subscriptions: 12 issues. S20.00. Send subscription orders or change of address (P.O. form 3S79) to Circulation Dept., COMPUTEI Magazine, P.O. Bolt 5406, Greensboro, NC 27403. Second class postage paid at Greensboro, NC 27403 and additional mailing offices. Enhre contents copyright © 1983 by Small System Services, inc. All rights reserved. ISSN 0194-357X. TOLL FREE Subscription Order Line 800-334-0868 In NC 919-275-9S0« EDITORS NOTES COMPUTE! Publications A Subsidiary Of American Broadcasting Companies, Inc. bbc As many of you arc aware by now, wc have become the eleventh operating division of ABC Publishing. What it means initially is that we'll have available resources and support that we've never enjoyed before as an independent company. In addition to the general strengths that our alliance with ABC pro- vides, we'll have senior manage- ment expertise and skilled busi- ness support of a type that we've never had available. We're all quite pleased with this mutual blending of the styles and strengths of two healthy com- panies, one old, one young, but btith very much committed to the future of our industrv. Best of all, COMPUTE! Publi- cations will continue to operate as a separate division, without internal changes, and from exactly the same perspective of superior quality and leadership in personal, consumer pub- lishing. 1 even expect to find more time for planning, re- search, and new product direc- tion and development. It seems appropriate, on the occasion of this announcement, to recount the current growth of COMPUTE! Publications. Our COMPUTE! Books Division will have over 16 titles in print bv the end of July; COMPUTE!'^ Fust Book of VIC is currently in its sixth printing. COMPUTE!'s Gazette for Commodore VlC-20 and 64 computers is promiering this month with an initial press run of 175,000 copies. An in- credible feat given that COM- PUTE! broke 100,000 in October of last year. Finally, our flagship, COMPUTE! Magazine, has achieved the significant 300,000 barrier. Our press run for this issue is 315,000. Need 1 add, "and growing..."? The latest round of price cutting has reached a level defying the most aggressive pre- dictions. Prices have dropped so fast that Texas Instruments was caught while delaying the planned introduction of the TI- 99/2. By the time the 12 series was scheduled to be introduced at $99, market moves had brought the price of the /4 down to S99. The Atari 1200, recently announced at the $1000 le\'el, has rapidly dropped to the $600-700 range; the 400 is now below SI 50. And then there's Commodore, with the VlC-20 below $90 in many areas, and the 64 at S399, or $299, if you're able to take advantage of the trade-in offer {where you trade in your old computer or video game com- puter and receive a $100 rebate). What's in the wind at Com- modore? We've heard rumors of pending change with the new President of North American Operations bringing in selected new key personnel. We've also heard that some existing, previ- ously key personnel are looking around for other opportunities in the industry. Is another fa- mous Commodore shake-up on the way? Stay tuned, we'll try to keep you posted. In another vein, the ac- knowledgment that software is a critical factor in the marketplace seems to be gaining strength on all manufacturers' strateg}- plan- ning calendars. Tl seems to be making progress with their licensing program for in-house sale of out-of-house developed programs. Commodore has established a new division to develop and promote the sale of Commodore software. And through it all, both established and newly formed software houses are pursuing the growth of the industrv. Next month: A super-ior special theme issue, our third on Games. 6 COMPUTE! June 1983 '*iLi; ,, An Ocean Apart is^IjfST?^, '■^wm ' V':M'- ,:^m Pacific Coast Software Corporatio The leading manufacturer of Commodore 64; software • Word Processing ^--^-nS' • Data Base Systems -^--.^-.-li • Home and Business Accounting f "^-^^ • Educational •Entertainment ^^ i • PCS/6480 Column Board —which contains resident executive driver that interfaces word processing, data base and spread sheet program modules, j ^■fSstBtim; FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACTTHE DISTRIBUTOR NEAREST YOU TODAY! r^^ SOUTHEAST -(615) 690-6966 mm CANADA -(416) 366-6192 ^^ UNITED KINGDOM - 01-900-0999, TELEX 2860 . 'Mm Dealer Inquiries Encouraged PACIFIC COAST SOFTWARE COR •];fiii[iik'i 3220 South Brea Canyon Road, Diamond Bar, California 91765 (714)594-8210 ■£ Iv^i^-pSyi^S^^^fjgr^^^^r': :.?,--:.-!!fC^jj^ CDmmodore (y1 is a registered trademark of Commodore [acctronics, Ltd. - ■-'■.«-irjv -fr i^ .vi;.-,':;,^-5~Tj^- Visi* -•is'^sytt Publ lihei/Editof -Jn-Ch ie( PubliS^ef'5 Assistonf Robert C. Lock Alices. Wolfe Senior Editor Monagir^g Editor AssJSlonI Managing Edilor Production Editor Features Editor Technical Edilor Piogram Editor A$sistanJ Editor AssisJanI FeoturesEcfttof Assistant Copy Editor Editorial AssisI ant Progiomming Assistonfs Administrative Assistants Copy Assistants Associcris Editors Contributing Editor Richof d Mansfleld Kathleen E. Nrtortir^ek Tony Roberts Gait Walker Tom R, Halfhiill Ottis R, Cowper Ctiorles Brannon DanCarmichael John BiocWord Juanrta Lewis KathvYokol Patrick PQrtish G^-egg Peele Jorkothan Byrd Vicki Jennirigs Lourq MacFodden Becky Ha ij SorotiJohnstcxi Lindo Shaw Jim Butterffeid, Toronto. Corioda Horvey Herrnan, Greensboro, NC Fred D'lgnozia 2117 Carter Rd-SW, Roanoke, VA 24015 David Thornburg » Elox13l7,LO5AJtos.CA94022 Bill Wilkinson COMPUTEI's BookClfviskjn Editor AssislanI Editor Adm I ni strati ve Asaston I Artist Orson Scott Card Steptwn Levy Cofoi Eddy Jon ice Fary M Direclor/Production Manager Georgio PapQdopoulos AssI stent Artists Typesetting Illustrator Promot ion Assi slan t Production Ass;stant ImraSwoln De Potter Jean Hervdrix Terry Cash Harry Blair ToddHeimarck OoiRees Associate Publisher/ National Advertising Soles Manager Advertising Coord inortor Advertising Accounts Soles Asist ant AndyMeehon PottiWiJiioms Bonnie Valentino Rosemarie Daws Opera tioni'Custom er Service Manoger Assistants Dealer Coordinator Assistants Shipping gc Receiving Carol Lock Potty Jones Shonnon h/teyer Fran Lyons Goil Jones Shorcn Minor Ch^is^ne Gordon CossorxJiro Robinson MawSprogue DoiOfhyBogan Chrjs Patty Rhonda Savage LisaFtoharty Cof ol Dickerson Jim CDwoj"d lorry O'Connor Chris Cain Jackfs^Connel! Data Processing Monoger Assistant Leon 5tokes Joan Compton Accountirtg Monoger Ekxskkeeper Accounhng Asstetants Assistants W. Jerry Doy Ellen Day Undo ryli Her Doris Hall Ruth Granger Anna Harris Em I lie Covil Anne Ferguson Robert C. Lock President W. Jerry Day, Vice President ond Comptroller E. Norman Graham. Vico-President and General Counsel Kathleen E, fylorfinek Assistant To The President Sonja Whitesell. Executive Assistant Coming In July Special Games Issue Featuring Some Of The Finest Computer Games Ever Publistied: RATS!, Speedski, Time Bomb, Castle Quest, Roadblock, Gobiins, And The Fortress OfAdnill Pius: Programming The Ideal Game The Game POKEr How To Write Your Own Adventure Game Small System Services, Inc publishes COMPt/riiBooks Telephone: 919-275-9809 Cofpornle oNiee: 505 Edwa:c3ia Drive, Gisensboro, NC 274OT Ui* Moiling address: COMPUTE! Post Office Boi M06 Greeniboro. NC S'aOS USA Subscription Information COMPUTE! Circulation Dept. P.O. Box 5406 Greensboro, NC 27403 TOLL FREE Subscription Order Line 800 334-0868 lnNC919-275-9BD9 COMPUTE! Subscription Rates (12 issue Year): us (one vr.) S20 Air (twoyrs,)S36 (three yrs,) S54 Canada and Foreign Surface Mail $25 Europe, Australio S38 Middle East, Central Americo and Nortti Africo S46 Soutti America, South Africa, For East S68 Advertising Sales In British) Columbia, Canada, Alaska or Hawaii coll 408-354-5553, Elsewtiere in Canada or outside North America call 919-275-9809, The Gittelman Compony' /Ai Dalton J 4- Ruth Williams ^ ^_^^^617-451-0822 / The Gittelman'*' r^ — 'Compony 7 V Sharon Brodit L -;Joe Portei / ■'^ '215-646-57ui,, NY Metro 212 -567-6 '1/ COMPUTE! Home Ofltce Andy f^eehan Notional Advertising Soles Monager 9W-27S-98D9 Phoebe Thompson and Associates 101 Ctiurch Streei Suite 13 Los Galos, CA 95030 PHOEBE THOMPSON Phoebe Thoinpson and Associates 2556 Via Tejon Polos Verdes Estates, CA 90274 JOANN SULLIVAN OB & Associates P,0, Box 335 Libertyville, IL 60048 GORDON BENSON The Gittelman Company The Gittelman Company Statler Office Building Suite 518 20 Providence Street Boston, MA 02116 AL DALTON RUTH WILLIAMS Summit Office Center 7266 Summit Avenue Foil Wasliington, PA 19034 SHARON BRODIE JOE PORTER COIMPUTE! Home Office 505 Edwardio Drive Greensboro, NC 27409 HARRY BLAIR Southeastern Soles r^ecresentative Address all advertising materials to: Potti Williams Adveilising Production Coordinator COMPUTE! Magazine 505 Edwordio Drive Greensboro, NC 27409 Auttiors of manuscripts warrant ttiot oil materiols submiMed to COMPUTE! are original materia is witti full ownership rights resident in said outhors. By submitting articles to COMPUTE!, authors acknowledge that such materials, upon occeptonce for publicotion, become the exclusive property of Small System Ser- vices, Inc, No porlion of this magazine may be reproduced in any form without written permission from the publisher Entire contents copyright .» 1983, Smell System Services, Inc. Rights to progroms developed end submitted by outhors are explained in our author contract Unsolicited materials not accepted for publi- cation in COMPUTE! will be returned if outhor provides a self-oddressed, stamped envelope. Programs (on tope or disk) must accompany each submission. Printed listings ore optional, but helpful. Articles shou Id be furnished as typed copy (upper- and lowercase, piease) with double spacing. Each page of your article should bear the title of the article, date ona name of the author. COfvlPUTE! assumes no liobility for errors in articles or odvertisements. Opinions expressed by authors ore not necessarily those of COMPUTE!. per. C6M, VTG- 20 ard Conirrodwe 64 oie trademarks ot Con-imodo*e Busirwss MocPiirHis, Inc, anojai COfrirrvoOixo Eoctionics Liinite<a Apple ti a tfcdcmorli ot Appte Compufer Company AfAffl IJ a KoderBaik ot AtQ«, inc II99/4At5 a trodefroifc or reiqs Inihumonti lr>c ttadro Shock Color Compulei 15 o fiodemaik ot rofKJy, Inc 8 COMPUTB June 1983 ^r commodore CBM computer AN INFORMATION MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FOR YOUR COMMODORE COMPUTER InfoPro is a menu driven and interactive "information management" system for the Commodore 8032 computer, InfoPro uses "friendly" screen prompts that "guide" you from function to function. This makes InfoPro unusually easy to learn and just as easy to operate. For Mailing List applications InfoPro can print up to S labels across and even has a built in "structure" with fields already pre-set. This structure can easily be changed to fit many other types of office jobs. Another extremely powerful feature of InfoPro is Super Scan. The Super Scan feature acts like an "electronic filing cabinet" and pro- vides the user with almost instantaneous access to the data stored in a file. The powerful Report Generator allow-s you to "select" infor- mation for printing based on up to 5 different parameters or criteria and to perform various math functions. Another powerful and indispensable feature is InfoPro's ability to interact with the WordPro family of word processing programs. This provides the user with a "link" from the area of data information WordPro and InfoPro are registered trademarks management to the area of word processing, allowing the user to manipulate, sort, and select data by certain criteria, which can then be inserted into "personalized" letters, documents, overdue notices, etc. InfoPro will also allow you to ADD, DELETE or CHANGE your information "fields" any time you wish. This means that as your business changes, InfoPro has the flexibility to change with it. As with all Professional Software products, InfoPro comes complete with a professionally written and fully-tested user oriented manual. InfoPro also includes a program ROM, and InfoPro System Diskette . Start managing your information today. Call us today for the name of the Professional Software dealer nearest you. Professional Software Inc. 51 Fremont Street Needham, MA 02194 Tel: (617) 444-5224 Telex: 951579 of Professional Software READERS' FEEDBACK The Editors and Readers of COMPUTE! Copying VIC/64 DOS Wedge I've tried to save the DOS support program from the test/demo diskette supplied with the VIC 1541 disk drive to one of my ovim. I also saved the loader. Both SAVE and VERIFY correctly, but when I run the loader my Commodoro-64 spits back SYNTAX ERROR IN 52940! Why does it do this, and if possible, hou' do 1 save it to another disk? Erik Bard Vow cannol SAVE or LOAD tlicse programs as you would a BASIC program. This is the reason you are gettiug SYNTAX ERRORs. The DOS 5.1 program is in machine language, not BASIC. Madiiue language programs have to he saved a)id loaded in a special way that specifies -where thei/ ca)ne from in memory. If you wish to copy tins program to your own disk, here is the procedure: 1. First, you'll need a machine language nwnitor up and running in your 64. Supennon-64 (COM- PUTE!, January 19S3) is a good monhor to use for this purpose. Any monitor or assembler will do as long as it does not reside in the $CCOO • $CFFF range (decimal 52224 - 53247). 2. While running from loitliin the monitor, LOAD the DOS 5.1 program into memorij by entering L "DOS 5.1", 08.' 3. Place the diskette you wish to sa~oe the program to i}ito the disk drive, a)ui save the prograni by entering S "DOS 5. 1 ",08,CC00,CF5A. 4. Place the Coinnuniore test.^deim-> diskette back into the disk drive, and from BASIC, LOAD the 64 Wedge loader into memory. 5. Place your neio diskette back into the disk drive, and save the BASIC prograiu in the )Hvnud manner (i.e.: SAVE '^-64 WEDGE", 8). 6. Now to nu! your )iew copy of tlie DOS 5. 1 program, simply load the 64 WEDGE i}ito your system, and RUN it as usual. Epson Printer's Groftrox Several readers have inquired about the review of the Craftrax-SO, published in the December 1982 issue of COMPUTE!. Specifically, they ivanl to kinno if it is possible to redefi)U' the MX-SO codes to approximate those of the Ceji Ironies 737. That way, software -written 10 COMPUTE! June 1983 for the 737 could run without modification. The Epson MX-80 with Graftrax-80 can redefine its escape codes. These are printer functions controlled by sendi)ig the escape character, CHR$(27), and then a letter such as "£" for Enhaitced printing. There are many other functions, however, that are controlled by sending an ASCII value less than 32 (a control charac- ter), such as CITR$(14), which signals double-wide characters. These functions cainiot be redefined. Current MX-80 printers are bei)ig shipped with Graftrax Plus. While Graftrax Plus ijnproivs on Graflrax-80 by adding underlining, super- ami sub- scripting, and faster graphics, some functions ofGraf- trax-SO were dropped to make room for the enhance- me)!ts. Epson feels that those functions were not used very often ain/way. Specifically, these functions do not carry over from Graftrn.x-SO to Graftrax Plus: TRS-80 graphics, Vertical Tab, aiui escape code redefinition. You can find out which version you ha-oebyseiuiing the printer a CHRS(129) with sojueihing like LPRINT CHRS(129). If you get a small graphic box, you'x'c got Graftra.x-SO. If you don't know whether you have any kind of Graftrax, send the pri)iter: LPRINT CHRS(27);"4 Hello there!" If you get italics, you've got Graftrax. Rounding Numbers In using the simple program below, I encountered a (possible) bug in Applesoft's handling of vari- ables. After the program is RUN, and an input of 3,4,5 is given (a known right triangle), 1 get an output of "NO". When I PRINT X and D, I get 5 and 5, respectively. But when I PRINT X = D, I get a response of zero, meaning "false." Is this a known error, or is this a bug in my program? Ken Carpenter 1 PRINT"THIS PROGRAM WILL DETERMINE THE " 2 PRINT "PYTHAGOREAN TRIPLE" 3 PRINT "INPUT 3 NUMBERS" 10 INPUT A,B,D 40 X=SQR( (A*A)+(B*B) ) 50 IF D=X THEN INVERSE : PRINT "YES" : GOTO 70 55 INVERSE 60 PRINT "NO" 70 NORMAL: GOTO 1 The problem that you speak of here is conunon to most forms of BASIC and has to do zvith the manner in -which LAST Night, CompuServe TurnedThis Computer Into ATravel Agent For Jennie, A Stock Analyst For Ralph, And Now, Irs Sending Herbie To Another Galaxy. NO MATTER WHICH COMPUTER YOU OWN, WE'LL HELP YOU GET THE MOST OUT OF IT. If you've got places to go, CompuServe can save you time and money getting there. Just access the Official Airline Guide Electronic Edition— for current fligfit schieduies and fares. Make reservations througfi our on-line travel sendee. Even charter a yacht through "Worldwide Exchange." If your money's in the market, CompuServe offers a wealth of prestigious financial data bases. Access Value Line, or Standard and Poor's. Get the latest information on 40,000 stocks, bonds or commodities. Then, consult experts like IDS or Heinold Commodities. All on line with CompuSeAfe. Or if, like Llerbie, intergalactic gamesmanship is your thing, enjoy the best in fantasy, adventure, and space games. Like MegaWars, the ultimate computer conflict To get .all this and more, you'll need a computer, a modem and CompuServe. CompuServe connects with almost any personal computer, terminal, or communicating word processor To receive an illustrated guide to CompuServe and learn how you can subscribe, contact or call: CompuServe Consumer Inlormalion Service 2180 Wilson Road. Columbus, Ohio 43228 800-848-8199 In Ohio, call 614-457-8650 An H&R Block Company r>^T^:r^:.7~ Look what for your VIC 20. W / > past action. Complex strategies,, ~^n Interesting cliaracters. Supe- rior sound effects. Multiple levels-, of play These are the things you^wanf from your VIC 20™ ^ ' ^^ They're also the things you get Txom Tronix- From the people whQ_ brought you Swarm!, Sidewinder and Galactic Blitz. And now, there's more. Now Tronix brings you the same rewarding rapid-fire excitement in / three brand-new game cartridgesT^" Each one is something dif- ferent. Something new, Bu^ they alL, have one thing in commorTW-^^/^ They're all designed to bring out the best in your VIC 20. / ' You shouldn't settle for an^^f- Ihiog les^u^^^ , , .<fj By ...Jimmy Huey ; In a predator/ worlds f-kiHer worms, dragons, stalk-7 ers, pods and fly traps, the scor- "^ion prowls the maze in search ^ •f sustenance. Frogs and their^ eggs mean survival to the scorpion^ But they can also mean instant eath! (Suggested retail, $39,951^ .'■ ,^;tu .. I-..,. ,:-??f,r\^.r ,V. t i r J A'W^i , HI x:"'T>^7>^ we have in store Your helicopter gun- shifD hovers over the enemy's military bases and missile emplace- ments. Your mission is to destroy them. But as the sky fills with smart bombs and anti-aircraft fire, there's , less and less room for a wrong ■ - "r^ move j (Suggested retail $39.95) Corey Ostman.. Deep in the earth, a fortune awaits. But the dark passageways are filled with peril as well as profit. Runaway boxcars. Crashing boulders. A claim jumper with murder in his eyes. Be carefuL But be quick— oxygen is in ' SUpplyJ (Suggested retail $39,95) ^295 South La Cienega Blvd.. Inglewood, CA 90301 ronix games in your nearest store. If you can't find ttiem there, write to/j '.'IC ?.Q"' IS r! !rado!riark otCo'iTnodore Electronics Ltil computers handle real numbers. A very small calcnlatioii error will occur in some instances. In your exmupk, the uujiiber that is calculated for X on the Apple is slightly more than 5 (5.000000002, actually). PRINT X-D to see this difference after R UNning the program . Before the Apple prints a value for X, it rounds this mmiber to 9 digits and drops trailing zeroes so that 5.00000000 appears on your screen as 5. Internally, the Apple stores this number with greater precision (Recall that X was not equal to D in your example). A ivay to get around this problem is to conivrt numeric values to strings ami then compare the strings. In this ivay, the small calculation error is not seen. In your program, line 50 would then read: IF STR$(D) = STRS(X) THEN INVERSE:PRINT"YES": GOTO 70 Promqueen Review: A Manufacturer's Reply The following conu)ients are excerpted from a letter received from Stephen Bolger, Coieral Manager of Gloucester Computer Bus: We read Ihe review by Mr. Herman in January's COMPUTEI with disappointment. Mr. Herman evidently did not consider the Promqueen's merits as a de\'elopment system/ he merely considered it as an EPROM programmer. When a manufacturer places his product in the hands of a publication for review he places his trust as well that the product, if reviewed, be reviewed on the basis of its advertizing claims. Unfortunately, the review which eventuated does not appear to address, much less niention the product's claim to be a microprocessor development system. Such sys- tems usually start at S5000 and go up steeply from there. The Promqueen exists to give ultra low cost access to a microprocessor development system. Stephen R. Bolger General Manager Gloucester Computer Bus COMPUTE! eiuieavors to provide objective revirws. While we regret that Mr. Bolger feels that his product urns not thoroughly described, the review was funda- moitally positive and, we believe, balanced. Further, we cannot agree that the Promqueen is the equivalent of a $5000 development system, and would have done our readers and the maiuifacturer a disservice if we had chosen to review it iit that light. An Answer To The Restless Atari ROM Referring to the letter from Joe Cocuzzo in the March 1983 issue about the "Restless Atari ROM," I have had a similar problem with my Atari 800. After many trips to my authorized service center W COMPUTE! June 1983 the problem was still present. I believe I know what the problem is. Placing cartridges in and out of the machine flexes the mother board. As this board flexes, the chips on it work loose in their sockets. Evenhially intermittent failures can occur. When the machine starts to misbehave, I reseat all of the chips. This corrects the problem for about six months, depending on how often cartridges are inserted. David Fehr Apple POKES On the Apple, POKE 1011,0 re-boots on your disk when CTRL-RESET is pushed. This can be very inconvenient later on when you are in the middle of a program. Is there another POKE statement to get out of that? A. Welch If a value of 157 is POKEd into location lOTl, this feature ivill be disabled. This was determined by PEEK- ing the above location after powering up the Apple. PEEKing a particular location before and after a program is RUN 'would 'work o)i all computers xohich alloic PEEKing and POKEing. This is a useful zvay to deter- nii>u' the default ()wrmal) status of important addresses. The New Timex 2000 In vour article on the "New Home Comptiters" (March 1983), you wrote about the upcoming Timex/Sinclair 2000 computer. I own the ZX-81 with T/S 1000 software and ZX printer, if I bought the T/S 2000, would I be able to use my T/S 1000 software and ZX printer with it? Adam Schaffer Sources at both Tiniex and Sinclair say that softivare loritten for the T/S 1000 'will, in most cases, run on the TIS 2000. Hozvei'er, there could be a problem lohen transferring soft'warefrom the T/S 1000 to the T/S 2000. Al this time, the Timex people intend to provide a stringy-floppy disk drive for the T/S 2000. They are )}ot \/et definite about 'cohether there 'will be a cassette player. E'oen if a cassette is marketed for the T/S 2000, there is still some question concerning the compatibility of the tivo units. It's possible that a cassette for the T/S 2000 -would load at a different speed than the T/S 1000 cassette, thereby preventing softivare transfer. But these peripherals are still in the planning stage, and -we'll need to ivait to hear more from Tinwx/Siiuiair. hloweivr, the ZX printer is expected to be fully compatible with both machhies. nnJiii lalsano; ,uper-— -^^e U-S- V^^ ^^ ' <;''' ,n EVERV WAV litiesln"' 1816)254- Lookfor l^M^u . .:^yiV^tfS&/^ ^^^o^^lH?*^ f OR PWS' Printing Atari Character Sets Many of your game programs use a redefined character set, but access it by means of a POKE. What a headache! Is there any way on the 800 to change the ATASCII character set so that it can be accessed by PRINT statements? Howard Fishman It is possible to use strings to hold a redefined character set. We prefer the POKE method, hoiuevcr, because it is the easier one to type into the computer. Using strings would require the entry of quite long strings, filled loiih strange characters. Genealogy Recently I attended my first Computer Genealogy meeting and saw the program "Roots," used in building a family tree. Unfortunately, this pro- gram is not available for Commodore PETs. I'm looking for a comparable program (price and capability-wise) that will run on a 32K PET. Any suggestions? By the way, I noticed Genealogy (tracing your family back for generations) and Refunding (mailing in box tops and labels for cash, which I do) were two items not mentioned in the De- cember '82 issue "How COMPUTE! Readers Use Their Computers" (pg. 30). So there's two more to add to that list! Rita M. Thrasher Tl ISIonltor Connection Can you help me? Our school has recently pur- chased 8 Texas Instruments TI-99/4A microcom- puters. Among the 8 donated black and white television sets was a Hitachi monitor used with an Apple computer. Can 1 hook up the Hitachi monitor to the TI? If so, how? George S. Ruff TI-99/4A Video Connector 1 2 o\ 4 Ground ""^ / Video or the back side of an easily-obtainable fiz^e-pin DIN plug which plugs into the connector. Use shielded cable with the shielding braid connected to the GROUND pin. For the other end of the cable use whatever type of plug mates with your monitor's input jack. Atari 400 Upgrade In your December 1982, Issue 31, someone in- quired about the flaws in the operating system of the 400/800 computers. I have an Atari 400 with the old operating system. Is there any way for me to get the new OS (revision B)? or is there any way to upgrade the existing ROM? Rocky Boniello No officially supported OS upgrade is offered by Atari, but you might contact your local Atari Service Repre- sentative. The ROMs are not on a removable board in your 400, so it is even harder to upgrade. Understandable POKEs I have only had my Commodore 64 for a month, and I'm already becoming a fanatic. I have a problem which I'm sure others have, and I also would like to propose a solution. Most BASIC language programs can be fol- lowed with little difficulty, except for the POKE and PEEK statements. Without knowledge of each computer, one cannot follow or use the pro- grams submitted in your magazine. My solution is to use REM statements with each POKE or PEEK. For example, if I submitted a Commodore 64 program and had a statement such as 110 POKE 53281,1 many would not understand it. However, 110 POKE 53281, 1:REM**SET BACKGROUND COLOR TO WHITE** would assist people, since they could then use the appropriate commands or memory location to accomplish this on their computer! Don Hollingsworth This sounds tike an excellent idea. Some complicated programs use POKEs and PEEKs too often for this to be practical. Hoivever, many programs PEEK or POKE only a few times and such REM statements would be of real value to oiuners of other computers. Although the Tl video output is a color signal, an ac- ceptable black and white monitor picture can be obtained by taking the two signals shoivn in the figure below to the monitor input. The figure shows the video connector as you would see it facing the back panel of the T1-99/4A, 16 COMPUn! June 1983 COMPUTE! welcomes questions, comments, or solutions to issues raised in this column. Write to: Readers' Feedback, COMPUTE! Magazine, P.O. Box 5406, Greensboro, NC 27403. COMPUTE! reserves the right to edit or abridge published letters. O Our newest magazine, COMPUTERS Gazette for Commodore, is written for the beginning consumer of personal computing. Each monthly issue will bring you interesting features, exciting news, intriguing new products, and more. You'll find software news, best seller rankings in the recreational and educa- tional areas, and interviews, overviews, and industry views. Tutorials for beginners, advanced games for non-programmers, and intro- ductory help for fledgling computer users. And best of all you'll stiil find COMPUTE!, our monthly resource and appli- cations magazine for intermediate and advanced users. COMPUTE.' 's Gazette for Commodore and COMPUTE!. We won't out- grow you... we'll grow with you. Use the attached post card or call Toll Free 800-334-0868 today to reserve your premiere issue of COMPUTE.' 's Gazette for Commodore. 12 monthly issues. Charter Subscription Price $15 US, $20 US in Canada, elsewhere, Air Mail, $45 US. Other than as an independent supplier of quality products regarding Commodore, VIC-20, and Commodore 64 are trademarks of the Commodore personal computer systems, COMPUTE! Publications Commodore Business Machines, Inc. . and/or Gvmmodore is in no way associated with Commodore Business Machines, Inc. Electronics Limited. Computers And Society David D Thornburg, Associate Editor Androids And Robots The rain stopped faUiii;^ as soon as he pulled his car into the parkins; lot at Polaris Astronautics. He was an hour early for his appointment , but his host had told him to come early for a plant tour. As soon as he checked in with the receptionist, he zvas greeted bi/ his "tour guide." "Hello, Dr. Calder. We at Polaris are glad i/ou could "oisit today. I will conduct you on a guided tour prior to your meeting with Dr. Clevis in the propulsion laboratory. My name is BO-3, hut nutsl people call me Bothrei/. I have been trained to recognize your voice, so if you have any questions, please don't hesitate to ask me to help you." jon Calder looked at Bothrey as he (or it) wandered (or wobbled) down the hall. He kneiv of recent advances in android design, but he hadn't expected to find an android -working as a tour guide. As the tour pro- gressed, he thought about all the time he had wasted at his company by personally escorting dignitaries o» a "dog and pony show." The nwre he thought about it, this was a perfect application for androids. What he didn't knOiV was that Dr. Clexus had even greater applications in mind .... Is the preceding account fictional? As of this month it is, but I believe that by the end of 1983, androids like Bothrey will be serving us in capacities similar to the one mentioned. To understand why 1 can make this prediction, we need to first understand what an android is and how it differs from its robot cousins. Next, we will explore some of the advances that are needed to make creations like Bothrey possible. Robots, the topic of last month's column, are mechanical devices that are controlled by external computers. For example, the Androbot robot, TOPO, is controlled by an external computer such as an Apple II using a language such as Logo. Androids, on the other hand, are totally self- contained. The distinction I make between robots and androids is that an android not only has a self-contained computer, but it is able to adapt its 18 COMPUTI! JuneW33 programs on the basis of information it receives from its sensors. Because this field has only re- cently crossed the boundary from fiction to reality, there is no universally accepted definition of these terms. In this column, I will use the word android to refer to a mobile, self-adapting computer system. Adaptable Androids Do commercially available androids exist today? The answer to this question is "Yes." Both the Heath HERO-1 and the Androbot B.O.B. (meaning Brains On Board) are androids by my definition. They both have sensors that convey information from the outside world and can be programmed to use this information to adapt to their environments. What kinds of things can an android do today? Since I am most familiar with B.O.B., 1 will outline its characteristics. B.O.B. is equipped with five ultrasonic sensors (of the type found on Polaroid cameras) and two infrared sensors. The ultrasonic sensors allow the android to create a map of its environment and to note the location of objects such as chairs, tables, sofas, people, walls, etc. If B.O.B. had ultrasonic sensors alone, it wouldn't be able to distinguish between people and inani- mate objects. The infrared sensors provide the extra data needed to help identify the existence and location of humans. Unfortunately, B.O.B.'s infrared sensors can also identify other warm objects such as fireplaces. While B.O.B.'s vision is quite limited at this time, one can expect androids to have more sophisticated image-processing equipment in the future. Because of the complexity of its mapping and moving tasks, B.O.B. is controlled by three 1 6-bit microprocessors. One of B.O.B.'s early tasks was to seek out humans and engage them in conver- sation, tell jokes, and follow people as they moved. The nature of B.O.B.'s tasks is deter- mined, of course, by the software it runs. The software to control an android must be quite sophisticated. Rather than programming the device to perform specific well-defined tasks, the programmer must make the android exhibit @ dilithium Press Your answer to readable computer books The Sinclair ZX81 Programming For Real AppK cations (also for the Timex/Sinclair 1 000) Handle Hurley This book will cast away any beliefs that the ZX8 1 is too small for any real programming work, tt is full of practical programs, which not only work, but are real work horses. Included is a bulk storage program, word processing, financial applica- tions, banking uses, plus educa- tional programs. Software avail- able— 1 6K ram pack necessary. Book only 1 66 p. $9.95 Book and cassette $19.95 32 BASIC Programs For The Apple® Computer Tom Rugg and Phil Feldman Chock full of programs with prac- tical applications, educational uses, games and graphics, each chapter fully documents a different program which is ready to run on your Apple computer. Software available on disk for the Apple II. Apple Dos 3.3. Book only 234 p. $19.95 Book and disk $29.95 Excuse Me, What Was That? Anton Braun Quist Included are very funny anec- dotes about things that should've worked but didn't, and things that did work but for all the wrong reasons. 160 pages $4.95 Call for the store nearest you that carries our books. dilithium Press P.O. Box E Beaverton, OR 97075 800-547-1842 Computers for Everybody — 2nd Edition Jerry Willis and Merf K. MiDer This fun to read book cov- ers all the things you should know about computers when just starting out. If you're anxious to use one, buy one, or just want to find out about them, read this book first. Includes new chapters on peripherals, telecommunica- tions and computers In education. 272 pages $7.95 Instant BASIC, 2nd AstouncSng! Edition Jerald R. Brown A valuable tool for every beginner, this second edition is full of graphics, end of chapter activ- ities, and has one of the smoothest and best- tested instructional sequences going. Says Popular Computing. " . . .a super book. It's got so much detail and depth . . . has earned itself a prime position on my bookshelf." 194 pages $12.95 TRS-80® Color Pro9.dms Tom Rugg and Phil Feldman Here are 37 fully documented programs which are all set for you to type into your TRS-80 color computer. Included are games, graphics, educational uses and practical applications. All are bug-free if entered exactly as shown. 350 pages SI 9.95 U Yes, pleue sond me ihe books 1 have indiested. I understand that I may ralurn ihetn for a tuil refund if I am not salisfrad. I enclose 9_ . plus 9 1 for shipping arid f^andling. . Tfie Sinclair ZX 81 book «9.95 _ 32 BASIC Progiams Apple book 419.95 . The Sinclair ZX 81 book _ 32 BASIC Progfsms Apple book andcassene 519.95 and disk $29.95 Cornputefs for Ewefvbody $7.95 _ Instant BASIC $1 2.95 _ Excuse Me, wtiat Was Thai? $4.35 _TRS-aO Color Programs »19.95 LJ Or call our toll free number ar^d cfiarge your order on VISA or M/C Name ^ {.- U Send me your free cetalofl— Brain Food. Adibess. city. State, Zip return to: dilithium Press, P.O. Box E , Seaverton, Ofl 97075 THE NEW ATARI 1200XL HOME COMPUTER MAKES SOPHISTICATED GRAPHICS AND SOUND SO EASY TO PROGRAM, ONLY the new ATARI 1200XL Home Computer combines cus- tom microchip technology with 64K RAM computing power to de- liver graphics and sound capabilities that are so easy to program. The ATARI 1200XL has 11 graphics modes and 5 text modes. (The Commo- dore 64 and Apple ll-e have only 2 graphics modes and 1 text mode.) Additional text and graphics modes allow users to easily program sophisticated graphics effects with relatively few commands, taking full advantage of the 256 color variations available. The sound capa- bilities of the ATARI 1200XL are also easy to program. Four distinct "voices" spanning SVi octaves are controlled by a separate microchip, leaving the principal microprocessor chips free to perform other tasks. ONLY the ATARI 1200XL offers a keyboard featuring 8 pro- grammable function keys controlling 16 functions in a 64K computer (Thats twice as many as the Commodore 64). Four new function keys enable you to lock and unlock the keyboard electronically disable the screen DMA for faster processing time, generate European lan- guage or graphics characters, turn the keyboard sound on and off or access the one-touch cursor control. The unique user-definable "help" THE NEW O A Warner Communications Company © i9S3. Atari, inc. ah rights reserved. key permits users to self-test ROM, RAM, audio-visual circuitry and keyboard functionality or call up assistance within complex programs. For even more help, Atari gives you a toll-free number to call for product and technical information (800) 538-8543; in California 1-(800) 672-1404. ONLY the ATARI 1200XL offers you a home computer com- patible with virtually all ATARI Computer peripherals and software (compatibility that other new computers like the Commodore 64 don't offer). There are over 2,000 programs and seven programming lan- guages currently available for the ATARI 1200XL New programs like AtariWritef" and languages like ATARI Microsoft BASIC, Assembler Editor, PILOT, Pascal, ATARI BASIC, Forth, and Macro Assembler offer you even greater programming challenges and flexibility ONLY Atari puts so much more in the new 1200XL Home Computer so you get so much more out of it AiARriaooxL HOME COMPUTER certain behaviors when it encounters certain situ- ations. To be truly flexible, an android siiould be able to pick and choose among several options, based on prior experience with a given situation. It it is provided with enough strategies, an android can make note of which strategies work in which situations, and dynamically adapt its programs to favor the use of these appropriate strategies. In humans we call this "learning from experience." Asimov's Three Laws If we accept that such program environments can be built, what basic behaviors should an android exhibit? In the 1940's Isaac Asimov developed the famous "Three Laws." (He wrote a guest editorial on this topic thai appeared in the November 1981 issue of COMPUTE!.) While Asimov uses the word robot to describe what I have been calling an android, these laws are useful for both types of devices: 1. A robot may not injure a human being, or, through inaction, allow a human being to come to harm. 2. A robot must obey the orders given it by human beings except where such orders would conflict with the First Law. 3. A robot must protect its own existence as long as such protection does not conflict with the First or Second Law. (from I, Rohol, 1950) How can androids be programmed to obey these laws? Keeping in mind the relatively early state of development at this time, one can still see where these laws have been incorporated into android behavior. First Law behavior can take many forms. In androids such as B.O.B., it requires that the device not run into people. When approaching a human being, B.O.B. automaticaliv stops a foot or so away and can be programmed to keep its distance from someone, even if the person is moving. The first part of the Second Law is the goal of every programmer. Who among us hasn't wished for a computer command called DWIM (Do What I Mean)? Having an android obey its user's in- structions is essential if these devices are to serve any practical purpose. As for the first part of the Third Law, androids can be provided with an ultrasonic sensor that looks down towards the floor at a 45 degree angle. Through use of this sensor, the android can avoid open elevator shafts, staircases, and other danger- ous situations that would gum up the drive mechanism. While it is easy to see how android designers can incorporate at least parts of the Three Laws into their device's behavior, there are portions of the Second and Third Law that will prove to be 22 COMPUTE! June 1983 quite challenging. These parts require that one law beobeved unless the resultant behaviorcauses it to come into conflict with an earlier law. It is interesting to note that manv of Asimov's robot stories center on conflicts arising from this hierar- chical structure of the Three Laws. For those of us working with the nonficlion aspects of these de- vices, these laws give us much to think about. Robot Personality It is quite important that a programmer choose an appropriate language when modeling robot be- havior. Fortunately, languages such as Logo and LISP provide an cxcelkMit linguistic environment for this application. These languages are extensible list-processing environments that can be used to create adaptive programs. Rather than work with an android directly, it is easier for a designer to develop android-control programs using a remotely controlled robot driven by a separate computer, in fact, much work in this field can be done with no robot at all! Powerful versions of Logo (such as those for the Apple 11 and DR Logo for the IBM PC) provide the list- processing environment as well as a "screen robot" called the turtle. Vari<.)us obstacles can be programmed to appear on the screen, and the turtle can be made to move in response to an adap- tive control program. One can monitor the robot's behavior just by watching what happens on the display. Of course, the real tun comes when a set of programmed behaviors is tried on a real robot. Some of the funniest things I have seen have come from watching an android behave "strangely." How do you respond, for example, to an android that moves partway down an otherwise emptv hallway, stops, turns to face a blank wall, and starts talking to it? Androbot founder Nolan Bushnell has suggested that robot personality is actually a collection of prtigram bugs. While androids for the consumer market are just now a reality, one might well ask how thev will be used. Fortunately, we have over 40 years of science fiction stories to help answer these ques- tions. Androids can be used for tasks as diverse as helping with the grocery shopping, "watching" the children for a few hours, greeting guests, pa- trolling the house at night - the list is endless. It is important that we all become sufficiently familiar with the capabilities and limitations of androids and robots to be able to use them effec- tively. Far from being menacing machines that deprive people of their livelihood, domestic robots and androids have the potential to enhance our lives in many ways. The extent to which they do rests largely with us, for tec will write the programs that will shape the "behavior" and "personalities" of these creations. © You need more than ABC, BPl, MAS, EEC, ESS, XYZ... Workhorse solutions for tough questions. There are lots of bookkeeping and business systems for your Commodore computen Maybe they all seem about the same. Ours Is diffierent: real business software for real computers, with capabilities you need, at a price you canafibrd. When professional computer dealers who were dtssatisified with their current accounting software were allcwed to trade it in for our System III, we were inundated. We got practically everything — BR. i. EBS. MAS — just about everyoneis. ^^ , We have general ledger; accounts - - ^"^ receivable, accounts payable, payroll, inventory,^ mail list managerrvent and much more. There are special packages for oil accounting, churcti records, encumbrance accounting, pharmacy management etc. You will like our user-defined r^rts. You decide what your Balance Sheet Pau Budget Analysis, etc., will look like. if you have purctiased a Commodore 64*, you will be pleased when you see cwr complete line of business software for the '64. This software is no rinky-dink. rip- " off software tiiat is an upgrade If frum the VIC. These are real workhorse programs ttiat use file stnjctures developed for the big bcjys. Vbu have purchased the right computer when you bought Commodore. Now do it again. Buy the right software. Buy it from the right place: your professional computer dealer. ThatS where you'll get the help you need as you start Gal! or write for the name of the dealernearestyou. Dealer Hotline: 1-800-527-4548 •Commodore 64 is a reg[stered tractemark of Commodore PO. BcK P, M^Kinney, Texas J506g ~ (214) ^42~02/S THE BEGINNER'S PAGE Richard Mansfield. Senior Editor This month we'll continue with our overview of the major categories of perso)wl computer programs. Artificial Worlds A sinnilation is a dynamic model of something, a special kind of imitation of reality. Movies imitate images and sounds, but lliey aren't really simula- tions because the events are laid out in a pre- determined sequence. No matter how many times you see Star Wars, the princess is always captured and taken to the Deathstar. If you had a Star Wars simulation, events would be unpredictable - you might be able to rescue her and even lead the Rebel Alliance to a final victory. Simulations, then, are full oi variables, events that can change. And computers are ideal tools for constructing webs of interrelated, fast-acting variables. "Spreadsheet" programs, like the popular VisiCalc financial simulator, allow you to make up lists of related items and then create interrelation- ships between the items. Tor example, you could enter all your normal expenses and link them to your income (as a percent of it). Then you could give yourself a simulated "raise" in the model by just typing over the previous income figure. All of the related items would then adjust, changing to respond to the new amount of income. It's like a spider web hit by a drop of water: some items change, some stay put. But by touching one part of the web, you can send vibrations throughout the whole structure. Like reality, a single action can cause multiple effects, and then these new changes can, in turn, cause further changes. As the price of computer memory continues to fall, we will be able to create or buy simulations of ever-increasing delicacy. When you have enough interrelated events, you've built a world. In fact, many of the popular computer "adven- ture" games (where you explore a forest, a castle, or a cave, looking for treasure) are just such world simulations. Modelling will likely be a major com- puter application in the future. A simulation of sufficient complexity would be indistinguishable from reality. Languages Languages are another major category of personal computer programs, but many people don't realize that languages are, themselves, programs. 24 COMPUn; June 1983 They're large, but they are programs. Most versions of BASIC use up about 8K (roughly 8,000 bytes) of the computer's memory. Another 8K is devoted to the "Operating System" which looks after such things as communication with peripherals like printers, video management, and so forth. You use a computer language whenever you need to communicate with a computer (this com- municating is usually called programming). Lan- guages like BASIC are programs to help you write other programs. There are dozens of languages you could try, but BASIC is by far the most popular and is available on almost every home computer. In fact, it's usually built into the computer so that when you turn it on, BASIC is waiting for your instructions. There are other languages, though, and each has its own attributes and uses. Languages do differ: some are better suited to specific tasks than others. For example, Pascal is often favored by teachers because it emphasizes certain standar- dized rules of program writing. Machine language is the fastest-running language. BASIC is probably the easiest to learn. Forth is faster than BASIC and can be the language of choice for certain game, graphics, or music programming. PILOT and l-^ogo are popular introductory languages for children, but Logo can also be a powerful too! in the hands of advanced programmers. Languages like FOR- TRAN and COBOL have been popular in the larger machines called mainframe or minicomputers. Special interests Many programmers begin to specialize after a while. You might focus on writing games or graphics programs, and find that BASIC doesn't serve your needs as well as another language would. Once you know BASIC fairly well, moving on to learn a new language is simplified. There are some underlying concepts such as loops, vari- ables, and IF/THEN structures which are common to all computer languages. After you've grasped several of these main ideas, you'll quickly pick them up when you come upon them in a new language. The Beginner's Page COMPUTE! Magazine P.O. Box 5406 Greensboro, ^€27405 © eiwasttOQ'ntm.iiic. THE PERSONAL COMPUTER YOU'LL GROW INTO, NOT OUT OF. SPECTRAVIDEO SV-318 COMPUTER COMPARISON CHART SMCIRAVIOEO &V9I4 APPLE II PLUS ATARI «» COUUOKIAEU HECU01 ftAOWSHACX Cth-OftCOMPUTEH BASE PBJCE c» »1.5«J sa99 t5»S nn t2» COMPUTINC POWER FEATURES BUILT IN ROM EXPANDABLE TO BUILT-IN EXTtHDEO MICHOSOFT- MStC BUILT IN RAM EXPANDABLE TO YES MA t4H tOK ADDITIONAL COST I6K 20K WA NO NJA leK YES IGK MR 8K 16K AOOmCNAlCOST t6K KETBDAHDfEATUfttS NUMBER OF KEYS U^A OCFihE FUNCTIONS SPCCIAL WOflD pnocEsiiwd OEhrE RATED CUtPHICS (FROM KEYBOARD) UPPERAOwEr Ca^ ICI TES VEt. YES 51 WA NO NO UPPER ONLY NO y65 YES M B NO YES YES l(] HO HO YES NONE NO NO YES GAVE/AUDIO FEATURES SEPARATE CARTmOGESLOTS ttUILT IN jOTSTICX COLORS RESOLUTKIH (PIXELS SPRlTtS SOUND CHAHNtlS OCTAVES PEfl CHANNEL ADSR FNVeiOP^ T6S YES t6 3 YES NO MO lb 2WT160 WA 4 NO TES NO NO NO NO 16 s 3 9 YES HO NO 4 !»r IH NTA YES ftO HO 10 NO PERlPMliUL SPECIFICATIONS CASSETTE AUDIO K) BUILT IN MIC i^$K onrve CAPACITY ILO* CftOf ?LB 2 CHANNEL YES YES YES 1 CHANNEL WO NO lOK HO 2 CHANNEL YES NO KM, HO 1 CHANNEL NO NO NO 1 CHANNEL »Q NO NJA 1 CHANNEi NO NO I/UK NO CPtti' cOMPATiSJirTV ( 80 cDiumn prDgrwm) CPrti- 32 CPM- 30 YES YES HO — HO NO IW NO — MO NO NO NO NO ' 16K ujc «Min^»« plus i&J^ ^itgfi-:. ^so(^^ FOR UNDE "* Apc* It car kchjI nOfvl « or 80 raliimn CP/U Mtcrosotl n i reiji^terrd Uadtmjrt oJ M<i«ofl Connatefl '"Comfr»d(>reE4Ki:qris40aAimnCP/U ^PlMisi^rulcrnark 01 [>(jibf Res&lttn. Inc RS300 ^«^rTRRWZ7£Z7 SV 318 PERSONAL COMPUTER SPEC I RA VIOCO. INC . 3'? W 3?>h SI . N V . N V I0018 SodtY. mony persona/ computers will become fomorrow's iunk in me attic. Tt^e SV-3IB is one tt)at will not. Because as you get better. It geti better. It does so because oUts capability one* expar^dability—bott) tar beyor\d tt}ose of any other oltordoble compaler. CA PASIilTY. Ttw SV-3)S iin 'I just more capable. It's nnuctr more capable. No olt\er computer at everj tv/lce fhe price combines all these extraordinary features: 32K ROM expandable to 96K: 32K RAM expandable to I44K: Extended Microsoft Basic (the industry standard): even Standard CP/M BOcoiumn capability so you con Invnediafely utilize over ;o,000 existing soflwore programs. The SI/-3I8 also has a unique built-in joyslicld cursor control— an immeasurably useful leoture when it conrtes fa playing your tavorite video gome- CXPANDASIUTY. As you become more and more sKiiilul with computers. yoWii love how the $V'3I8 "stretches" to meel your demands (arjd acluaily leads you In foscinaling, new directions), for one thing, oil eleven of our important peripherois are ovaiiabie immediately. With most other models, you hove fo wail months. For another, the SV-SIS is beautifully designed to interface with new options as they become available. AFfORDABtLiTY. The SV-3IB Is not only eminently ottord- able, it's the first true bargain at the computer age! Besides home t^dgefing. business applications, word processir^g, programming and seltieoching. the SV-318 is the best entertolnmeni value in town. A/or only con you use it with your TV fo play hundreds of different video games, you can also use your SV-3ia with a TV as a drawing tablet or music synthesizer. In play, as in work, the SV-31S will continually expand to meet your potential. Whether you're just welting your toes in computers, or iulty asoil on the waters, the SV-3i8 is a cornpufer' that will serve you lor many, many years. You see, we believe that even in the computer age, you don't become an object of real value unless you're around for a while. Questions Beginners AsIc Tom R. Halfhill, Features Editor Are you thinking about buying a computer for the first time, but don't kiiowniiything about computers? Or maybe you just purchased a computer and are still a bit baffled. Each month in this column, COMPUTE! ivil! tackle some questions that we are asked by beginners. QWhen the new Atari 1200XL computer was announced a few months ago. Atari said it would be "software compatible" with the older Atari 400 and 800 models. Doesn't this mean that software which worked on the 400/800 should also work on the 1200XL? Then why won't certain cartridges for the 400/800 fit into the 1200XL's cartridge slot? A To be fair, this isn't Atari's fault. But before we get to the cartridge question, let's define exactly what is meant by "software compatible," since this question is coming up frequently, too. And this definition applies to all computers, not just Ataris. Atari 400/800 software is upward compatible with the new 1200XL. This means that programs written properly for the 400/800 also will run on the 1200XL- although the reverse is not neces- sarily true. If a program is specifically written to take advantage of the 1200XL's special features {such as the HELP or special function keys, or the 64K of memor)'), it probably won't work on the 400/800 unless adjustments are made. But note that we said "properly written" software. Some programmers take shortcuts which can cause compatibility problems. Usually these shortcuts involve what are known as "illegal calls" to the computer's operating system. The operating system is a built-in program in all com- puters which does routine "housekeeping" tasks necessary to a computer's operation. Machine language programmers sometimes "call" routines built into the operating system to save themselves the trouble of writing similar routines. This is perfectly okay, except that these calls must adhere to certain rules to insure that the program will work on all future versions of the operating system. Atari's operating system manuals state that if these rules are obeyed, future compatibility is assured. 26 COMPUnS June 1983 That's why some machine language programs won't run on all versions of Ataris - the pro- grammer took an unauthorized shortcut. Several popular commercial games were affected in this way when Atari revised the 400/800 operating system about a year ago. Late-model 400/800s have a "Revision B" operating system which fixes a few bugs in the old one. The changes were subtle, but some programs which depended on the old operating system were rendered unworkable. The 1200XL has a somewhat different oper- ating system than the 400/800. Among other things, it includes the 1200XL's built-in diagnos- tics. Machine language programs for the 400/800 which call the operating system properly should have no trouble running on the new computer. Now, as for the cartridges: it's true that some Atari 400/800 cartridges made by independent software companies will not fit the 1200XL's slot. However, all cartridges made by Atari do fit. The slots are identical, except that the 1200XL has less room around the opening (the 1200XL's slot is external, while the 400/800 slot is beneath the front hatch). Some independent software com- panies made their cartridges oversized, which is why they won't fit a new slot. Probably these companies will issue new versions to fit the 1200XL. If you recently bought an oversized cartridge for a 1200XL, you may be able to exchange it. If you can't, the only solution is to take apart the cartridge. The "cartridge" is really just a protective plastic housing around a small circuit board. One screw or some glue usually holds it together. When the housing is removed, the board can be plugged into the slot. But do this only as a last resort, because it involves two dangers: (1) Exposed circuit boards are deli- cate and easily damaged by mishandUng, and (2) if you accidentally manage to plug in the board upside-down, the board can be ruined. If you take apart a cartridge, we recommend clearly marking which side goes up (or forward in a 400/ 800), and fashioning some sort of protective cover out of cardboard or a flexible plastic cassette tape box. ^\ I heard that Commodore recently intro- \X duced a new model computer called the "VIC-21," and that it is already being sold in If You tjked Donkey Kong, VbulfLove' 19. MPMAN. THECOMPUTER ACTION GAME, \ . If you liked jumping over barrels arrd climbing ' ladders to save damsels in distress^you'tllove the blazing excitement of JUMPMAN. Your incredible speed and jet boosters let you leap from girder to VinilSiWsfSK^ MKnBi3iimnSMmutilsKmuW»lkKl¥ilMliR bombs plwhted in Jupiter Headquarters. But it's not easyjmd there are thirty levels of difficulty. You'll ham to dodge missiles, killer robots, flying saucer^crumbling girders and vanishing escape Routes. In the heat of battle, JUMPMAN must keep a cool head. .-hsa-ssfi i The Award-Winning Computer Qames .■Epyx,W43 Kiel Court, Sunnyvale, California 94086 ■ .KEY KONG l» Designed by Randy Glover INlntgndJol America, tnc. some cities. What is the VIC-21? Why didn't we read about it ahead of time? A Not to worry, we didn't let you down. There is really no such thing as a VIC-21 - even though a store in Boston started selling them a few months ago. Confused? So were a lot of Bostonians. What happened is that a store began advertising a sale on the "VIC-21," which was really just an ordinary VJC-20 with a 16K memory expansion cartridge included. The package sold for about $200. As a promotion, the store pasted stickers on the boxes which said "VIC-2r' - apparently derived from the sum of 16K plus the VIC's built-in 5K of mem- ory. When people started calling competing stores and Commodore about the "new computer," Commodore immediately disavowed any connec- tion with the promotion. Although it has been hinted that someday Commodore may upgrade the standard VIC, possibly with 16K, no such plans have been announced. ^ COMPUTER /BASF CASSETTES/ -DPS )THE WORLD'S FINEST Data media for all microcomputers • Used nationwide by software manufacturers, tiobljyisis, sctiools and businesses > Premium 5-screw stiell witli leader fits at! standard recorders CASSETTE STORAGE CAOOY KE*' TTUCTOn FEED aE-afTWJkMK CUSTTTC LABELS ORGANIZE YOUR TAPES! < $2»S EACH GET ONE CADDV FREE! Buy 2 aoi. Cassettes & One CaddY. Get One Caddy FREE! tji mil KPifcrs Aucu^i I J udi • SATISFACTION GUARANTEED OR YOUR MONEY BACK • FOR IMMEDIATE SHIPMENT USE YOUR VISA OR MASTERCARD OnOER NOW . CALL 213/710-1430 ..ORDER FORM-. ...___.. MML TO: VORK 10~Computef more m* llUtfJi IDOICM ffflM. 24573 (dtttiO^e Sr . #CM. CjOOflJ Park. CA 91307 o« n '" .: '3» c-ia n «oo ; J '♦■" SD4d stpanltti. ShipnlBiiti »re fry U.F S. uaIhi Pwcffl P«l cao n lOM :;'■«> reque»i«d Soiei. ciddtci. ma blini labaii jre um oi H>rfs« [J iM r. <M thtpping tiiirgn whsn ordernl wilh EXUDRac. Whin at- ShfBV* C«Uv 1 ? » H : Quvwr mil ai*w» darfeil withovl uuDttes. itiipping chaign. Bbih— $1.D0 dDi.. CadiTies-SI.OO each. MINIMUM SHIPPING/HAH- DUNfi OH AMY ORDER-$2.00. Hi.f*u.^[] 4{Dnwi ^-xtwmoaa iUm TOTAL f^J ]MllMg| — -^g^B^MtM a^lUJOLHOiaMMMiKu tW Addr«n c*r SamOc rOTH. CmUHo. £v SionabKO FEAR- FLAM- FAT l£SS BOY- FILE FILE ANT RLE ^^ 2i FIRE- FJCT PNk- f^fA' FAB RJP fAlTH' FUKi FUD- EAT- ION KY EO FILE FILE BJL HOUSE OY- ER AL FILE FfLE ^p a FILE FILE OUP FILE FILE ^ OY FILE #f/^FLEX-FILE? .^ ^/ Well no^wGclonl- ^^ -PRAM- KEN STEIN ?ILE 28 COMPUTB June 1983 FAS- TID- IOUS FILE #^ FOR- FRE- TUHE NET- COOKY \C FILE FILE exactly have FLEX" FILE. N \ tT\ean we have aU ihese other da1s bases ^rha+ are just as qoocJ, I't^ sune.l mpsn i haven'i- actaafly figured out howto work ny oV tVipm yet, b ut 1 lust Kno v* tliey'll Jo-fn* job... prefv^drd of- touriie -Vt-vafone f (}•» your e^a'ct conf ■quhatCon. Vcsu say rnanffy 15 no obiecl' ? Coatl. Oood-TKoie / FILE V, .N, —S^-vlf ^.?- ^ FAN roiec TAS- FILE TIC FILE FAST FIG FILE LtHAF FILE H er e' s what CompuVe! sai d >s^i y^ Michael Riley hsscJeve\op<'d ^ /- an e:*ceUent, professional data "^ ' base prograrn that contains many \ / features - too many +o cover in a \ ( shori rQ\j\e^. Suffice itiosay that \ I yo^ ^^^ spend much more for a high / \ quality data base, buf Ws doubtful / \^ sjou wiU find the f lex^bUity of J an application program suchias FLEX- FILE. r^^ For Cb^. PET, CBNrt V\C.\Ni-fri32K RA^A.Oual, single or two single drives. . \ *H0, If you want FLEXFILE ^ flex^bilrtv ca\\ 215-822.-7729. Dealer^ call 215-822-3171 PET/CBM/COMMODORE 64 RpeEClip Professional Word Processor at a Breakthrough Price PapeiClip™ performs all the advanced features found in Word Processors costing much more. . . 1) Full screen editing. 2) Copy/Transfer sentences and paragraphs. 3) Insert/ Delete sentences and paragraphs. 4) Headers/Footers/Automatic page numbering. 5) Justification/Centering. 6) User defineable keyphrases. 7) Supports both cassette and disk. 8) Variable data - Form letters. 9) Horizontal scrolling up to 126 characters. 10) Insert/transfer/erase Also available for Commodore 64 Requires Basic 4.0. 32K memory. ,00 U.S. Call or write for the store nearest you. BATTERIES inCLUDED 71 McCau I Street Toronto. Ontario Canada M5T 2X1 (416)596-1405 columns of numbers. 1 1) Add/subtract columns of numbers. 12) Supports most dot matrix and letter quality printers. In fact, a printer set-up routine is supplied to take the best advantage of the printer at hand. 13) French and Math technical character sets available. TWILIGHT OF THE COMPUTER HACKER Fred D'lgnazio, author of the popular COMPUTE! column, "The World Inside The Computer," begins a second column this month called "On The Road." He will travel around the country visiting user groups, workshops, seminars, conventions, or anywhere else computers are having an unpact on everyday life. This month I begin a new column. My assignment; To go on the road, living the life of a carefree wanderer; to seek out computers and people; to write about the good things or the bad things - whatever I find. The Twilight Of The Hacker My first journeys as a gypsy computer reporter were brief and confined to my home city of Roanoke. The first place I visited was the monthly meet- ing of the Roanoke Area Computer Enthusiasts (RACE), The meeting w^as held on a weekday evening in the Roanoke Valley Science Museum. I went to the meeting with great enthusiasm be- cause several members planned to demonstrate a full-blown VIC-20 system (it occupied almost half the table). I especially wanted to see the demon- stration because I will soon be writing a "kids and computers" column on the VIC-20 (and Commo- dore 64) in the new COMPUTEI's Gazette for Commodore magazine. The VIC-20 demonstration went fine. And we were also treated to a detailed description of IvACE's current project - a homebrew computer modem. But what really impressed me was the club itself and the people who formed it. The club was small, old, almost exclusively male, and made up of computer hackers, people who enjoy rolling up their sleeves and diving into the bits, bytes, chips, and circuit boards that make up the average computer. 30 COMPKTl! June 1983 The evening was solid technically, and the people were all very nice, but I left the meeting feeling a little drained and lethargic. The club members called themselves "enthusiasts," but where was their enthusiasm? Computer "hackers" were the pioneers of microcomputing. They were the enthusiasts - the zealots, even - who got this industry started, in the 1960s and the 1970s. Now we're in the mid- 1980s, and what has happened to the hackers? They're the computer elders who are being shoved aside by a stampeding horde of new personal computer users who seem to share none of their characteristics. Enter The Computer Humanists What are these new personal computer users like? To find out, I went to two recent events - the Computer Faire the following Saturday and Sun- day at the science museum; and the "Computers in the Schools" conference at Hollins College, just outside Roanoke. The best way to describe the new personal computer users is to say that they are the kind of crowd you'd find at a Roanoke bowling alley on a Friday night - only more diverse. There are a lot of them. And they are young, old, and in between. There are lots of women and lots of kids. The new personal computer users talk funny, almost like regular people. You don't hear a lot about bits and bytes. Instead, you hear about computer model numbers. And computer com- ponents. And computer software. Most of the discussion centers on who has what piece of new software for which machine, and how it's the "neatest thing you've ever seen." Another thing that distinguishes this new group from the old-line hackers is their energy. Everyone is so excited. Parents are excited about bringing all the new educational programs into their homes. Kids are excited about the games. The Home Accountant. m The #1 best-seller. Any home finance package will balance your checkbook. But to become ttie #1 best-seller you've sot to be something special. The Home Accountant" is. It's the only one that prints a net worth statement and a personal finance statement. So you know exactly where you stand financially every day of the year. It will even print your checks, automatically. Not oniy thatjhe Home Accounta nt™ lets you label every transaction. Just imagine sitting down to do your taxes and having every penny you've spent and earned neatly listed by category —and available at the touch of a button. It's an incredible time-saver. You can also create bar, line and trend analysis graphs for every category- in color. It's great for realistic budgeting. Sound amazing? Wait, there's more. Let's say you write a check to pay your Visa.The Home Accountant" automatically debits your checking account and credits your Visa account. And it does this with every one of the two hundred'* budget categories: credit cards, checking accounts, money markets, cash, rent checks, insurance payments— you customize your own financial package. Check out The Home Accountant" soon. You'll find it does a lot more than simply manage your money. It manages your money simply. *The Home Accountant™ is available for the Apple II/IBM Personal Computer/Atari 400/ 800 Computers/Osborne/TRS 80 Model III/ Commodore VIC 64.The actual budget capacities will vary with each computer. Continental Software A Division of Arrays, Inc. m It sells the most, because it does the most! Continental Software Co.,1 1223 South Hindry Avenue, Los Angeles, California 90045 Telephone (21 3) 41 7-3003 • (213)417-8031 YQirVEGOT FROM Nowmnfl END OF THIS PAGE 10 BECOME GDI See all those glittering diamonds? Grab 'em. You need 1,000 diamonds fast. 'lo score, you have to buiTow deep. Deep into tlie aivems. You craftily cop a dozen jewels. Then, jump to tlie ledge below. Then down to ancjtlier. And another Hut, STOP! 'Iliere's noUiing but an abyss below. Notliing for you Uiere except a bad fall— and even worse, delay! No, don't go tliere. You've already stripped that vein of diamonds. Go where no one has ever daixid venture before. Follow the cavems Deeper and deeper, Down the ladders. Over to tlie right — more jewels ... and CURSiiS!... you've fallen, And you're losing time. Grab those diamonds. Ah ha! You've reached 1(X)0! Ilie Mame Spirit has been set free. Now you must capture it. flashlight. 'Die Flame Spirit is very near. A flicker Out of fjie comer of your eye. Shine tliat light! There it is. Now, kneel E before the Spirit and grab it. Gotcha! Run! Run to the 'lemple. Watch out! Behind you! A vampire bat trying to steal the Flame Spirit. Climb down, below the ledge. Another bat! Down, 'lo tJie very bottom of the mountain. To the pit. And the darkness. Lit only by the shimmer of diamonds. Suddenly thens's a rush of inovement. . . a giant spider— after you- Quick— down another ladder Listen! Ghostly music floating thn)uj^i the black tunnels, 'lliat means tlie Flame Spirit is hiding nearby lire music grows louder as you draw closer Now softer (cjuick, go back the other way). Louder again. Shine your Run. Jump. Up to the ledge. Hurry! Jump again! Aamrgggghlihh! You're aiught. Woven in a tangled web. Hurry, break Irwse before he returns and ycxi're devoured. Ah! You've freed yourself. You've lost lime, but you've gained character Now, on to tlie Temple. But beware of tlie guandian flames— one false move and youll end up charred . . .and out of the game! Get to tlie Temple Portal, tlie Spirit in your grasp. Shine your light on tlie giant guardian skull. You kneel. (Not out of nespect, but out of need— for without kneeling, entering the lemple is forbidden.) l1ie entrance yawns open. And you leap in. There, enshrined deep within the sacred Temple, emblazoned witli gold, is tlie sovereign crown. You must get tliat crown. Witiiout it, you cannot become Mountain King. Willi it, you'll rule. But now comes the tough part. Can you make the treacherous climb back to the surface? Can you avoid tlie relentless bats and spreading cave fires on the way? Can you even find the way? Get Mountain Kin g.'" Plug it into your home computer. It will ])lunge you into tlie depths, and lift you to Uie heigliLs. ANOTHER GAME TO DIG INTO. It's Boulders tind Bombs .'" One to four can play And witli 99 levels of terrific tunneling adventure, it's every bit as involving as Mountain Kin g. Your challenge is to tunnel to safety beneath liie surface of an unknown planet as hostile, alien vultures seek to turn yxni into a buried fossil, entombed in an alien life form. While day turns to niglit above giX)Uiid, you use your tmsty n)to- augcr to claw a patli to safety beiowgnjund — tlin:)ugh tons of eartli, boulders, and Oie ever-spreading green cave fijngus. ROM Cartridges for: Atari®400/800™' ( Mountain Kin g available soon for Commodore 64'" and VIC-20'") I 1983 CBS Inc. -MQUNIAINKING-isatradaiwk Ql Kay EnEerphses Cd- 'Alan' is a t3d£mar1( of llvi. hi. 'ConnolofE M' and 'VIC-2fl* 3Pi trxlernailfi cf Cwrtmaiofe Bt^iness Uadines. Ira:. Fortunately, you can unearth time bombs along the way to blast away the hazaids the vultures toss at you. But the crawling fungus spreads as time runs out. Now that you know the names of these challenging new games, and you know what it's like to play them, there's one other tiling you should know : They're from CBS Software. And even though tiiat name says a lot about quality entertainment, we haven't mentioned it until now. NEW! MOUNTAIN KING Because at CBS Software, we believe our computer pnagrams should speak for themselves. NEW! BOULDERS AND BOMBS Soitwaie BOULDERS and BOMBS oftwaie CBS Software. You knowwhat you're gifting. Teachers are excited about the ways they can use the computers in their classrooms. I sensed some fear and anxiety in this group, too - a certain ten- tativeness about really moving into this strange new world. But mostly I sensed excitement a lot of it. And the questions. Here is where the com- puter hackers and humanists diverged com- pletely. The hackers asked how soldering on cer- tain boards is done and about which section of memory is switch selectable. The humanists asked how computers for very young kids would alter the way kids develop their fine motor skills and the way that they get along with other people. For example, I conducted a workshop at Hol- lins College on "Computer Literature." During the workshop a man raised his hand and said, "I am an artist and a teacher. I teach elementary school children how to paint and draw. If httle children learn to paint beautiful pictures on a com- puter just by pressing a couple of buttons, how will they ever learn to draw on paper?" How do you answer a question like that? I didn't try, but other people in my workshop did. One woman, an elementary school teacher, said, "Who cares if they draw on paper? In the future, no one will be using paper. They will be using TV screens for everything. They are the new medium for creative expression, not paper. Kids have to learn how to do this to be prepared." Another teacher disagreed. "If kids only learn how to push buttons," she said, "they'll never develop their bodies. Their gross and fine motor skills will never be developed. These skills are crucial to a child's becoming an adult." Another teacher added, "And what about the pleasure children have using art materials? Children who only work with TV screens and plastic buttons will never know the joy of using gooey fingerpaints, and clay, and paste, and making cutouts out of construction paper. It doesn't sound modern to me, it sounds de- prived." Jiminy Cricket The Computer During the workshop, 1 told the teachers about my concept of the "Computer Friend." I said that I thought all personal computers would one day assume human-like qualities and become intimate friends of their human masters. One teacher applauded this prospect. "This will be a boon for human relations," she said. "It will let everyone, especially family members and young people, work out their feelings first with their computer. If something is troubling them, they don't have to keep it bottled up inside them. They can tell their computer friend. Then, after the matter is aired, they understand it more clearly, and they feel better about it and can ap- 34 COMPUffi! Jyne1983 proach members of their families and other human beings. A lot of situations are like powder kegs, ready to go off. Maybe the computer friend will help defuse them." This point of view was echoed by another member of the workshop, who said she thought the computer friend might be like Pinocchio's friend Jiminy Cricket. The friend could be a per- son's conscience. The friend would hear a person's deepest secrets, his darkest and most whimsical fantasies and wishes. At this point, two teenage girls raised their hands. "All this sounds dangerous to me," one of the girls said. "If computers are so friendly, they might lure people away from interacHng with each other." "She's right," said the other girl. "How can a human being be as pafient as a computer friend? How can a person give another person their undi- vided attention the way a computer friend can?" "And what about babies and toddlers?" added a woman teacher. "They may learn early in their lives to relate to a computer friend. But the friend may become a substitute for other people. This could stunt a child's ability to get along with people around her. Her eariiesl model for socialization wouldn't be a person, it would be a computer." Computer Intimacy Vs. Computer Literacy In one of our workshop discussions, I questioned the big focus on computer literacy. I said that com- puter literacy was fine now while we were still in an age of transition from a non-computerized society to a completely computerized society. In the future, however, when people have fully ac- cepted computers and when computer technology has matured, we will move beyond computer literacy into computer intimacy. I compared my audience to computer hackers, and said that it was obvious that the change from literacy to inrimacy was already occurring. People were worrying less how computers worked and more how to "drive" computers the way they might drive an automobile. Also, they were show- ing concern about the impact of such a powerful technology on their lives, their students' lives, and the lives of their children. 1 likened intro- ducing a computer into people's lives to sitting behind the wheel of a powerful race car. The car can take you places at breathtaking speeds, but, if mishandled, it can maim and ruin. Computers are not a technology of the body but a technology of the mind. As carriers, amplifiers, and multipliers of symbols, concepts, and ideas, they are far more powerful than auto- mobiles. Whether they cause us to benefit or suffer depends on how we use them. @ No one, not even the author, has ever achieved the last Gridrunner. it is an extremely fast- paced arcade- quality game designed to test your coolness under fire and challenge your reflexes. As the pilot of the Gridrunner, a combat ship, you must annihilate the various enemies traveling along the "Grid." High scores are possible only through the mastery of the patterns of the X/Y Zappers and the Gridsearch Droids which, when destroyed, mutate into potentially lethal Pods. Gridrunner has 32 levels of diffi- culty (20 levels in the VIC 20 ver- sion). To this date, the 13th level has been the highest achieved. Gridrunner is available for VIC 20, Commodore 64 and Atari 400/800. Can you beat Gridrunner? See your local computer or games dealer and find out. Human Engineered Software 71 Park Lane Brisbane, CA 94005 a division of USI HOW TO BUY THE RIGHT PRINTER Charles Brannon, Program Editor You discover bugs (errors) in your 50-line BASIC program. If you could only see more than 20 lines at a time! You use your computer to keep track of your record collection, but realize that the valuable information on your TV screen is transient -erased when you "Press RETURN to Continue." You subscribe to a telecommunications network and despair when your hard-earned 300-baud text scrolls off the screen into oblivion. You may feel that you need a permanent record of your text, want to write (word process), or hang your artistic efforts on the wall. Even though prices are falling, a printer is an investment. Your printer could cost more than your computer. After you've realized you need a printer, you need to decide how much printer power you require. Applications First you should identify your application. Do you need only paper listings of your programs? Simple "printouts" from your home financial program? Will you want to use your computer for word processing? Do you need to print on plain paper, on special forms, or to produce extra-wide accounting reports? Consider also the fact that as you expand your computer system, your needs could change. Does a certain printer have enough features to be satisfactory in the long run? Re- member that most printers cannot be expanded as easily as computers can. Printing Techniques Printer manufacturers have come up with many ways to solve the problem of getting words onto paper. The most obvious method is similar to the way that typewriters print. A formed character "stamp," usually made of metal, is struck against a ribbon that leaves an impression on paper. On a typewriter, a series of levers controls which char- acter hits the paper. IBM invented the "type ball," a hemisphere containing all the characters in vari- ous rows. To print a letter, the ball turns and tilts to select the right letter, then the whole ball strikes the ribbon. 36 COWPUrei June 1983 It is not easy to interface a computer with a typewriter. First, typewriters are not built to tol- erate continuous operation. Second, some of the interfaces are cumber- some and expensive, usually a series of solenoids that push the levers around, or a keyboard overlay with a separate sole- noid for each key to mimic a human typist. The third problem is speed; you still can't drive the typewriter faster than about ten characters a second. The old-fashioned typewriter layout is prone to jamming; the type ball is too slow. Printer technology diverged to solve the problem. Dot- matrix printing was developed as an appropriately digital way of producing text. The daist/ wheel was developed as a high-speed, reliable way of printing formed characters. .-.:.;;i- .-. .^^■tffe "rrr^T^iTTTT". ^ S[P ^ \ ^. ^^ — il K*^-^-»* iD^^r.— /Sm p K?^^>j ^K^ ^M il ^ ■P!^'\ :i '/y * 3 Jl Hi Close-up of an IBM Selectric ball. Some electrotjic type- wriiers. can also fund km as computer printers iviih the proper interface. So7m' letter-quality printers are called "daisy wheel" printers because they use a print head shaped like a daisy u'ith letters on the ends of the petals. A The Interbus Series. Three interfaces for the VIC 20 and Commodore 64: one for IEEE 488, one for RS 232 and one for Parallel. The VIE and CIE are IEEE 488 interfaces for the VIC 20. When plumed into the expansion port, the cartridge is "transparent," that is, the user can still attach other peripherals without any interference. Devices such as 4040, 8050, 2031, 2032, 4022 and 8023 can be controlled. The IEEE software can be called by using the 'SYS' command, even in the middle of a BASIC program. The V232 and C232 are serial interface cartridges which allow connection of various input/output devices such as printers, modems, plotters, etc. to VIC 20 or Commodore 64 computers. Features include: positive and negative voltage swings to meet full ElA standards, strajK and jumpers to eillow reconfiguration to meet pinouts for any RS232 device, and software selectable reconfigura- tion such as baud rate, parity, and duplex mode. The VPl and CPI are parallel interfaces for the VIC 20 and Commodore 64. These interfaces provide direct BASIC use of the parallel printer bus and give "invisible" access to the bus. The VPl can be used only on the VIC 20 and uses the expansion port. The CPI will work with both the VIC 20 and Commodore 64 and does not use the expansion port. The CPI also has switches for set- ting insertion or deletion of line feed, conversion of Commodore ASCII into standard ASCII or visa versa, addresses printer lo device 4, 5, 6 or 7, and allows normally unprintable Commodore characters to be printed in a recognizable form. B Expandoport Series. Expandoport 3 and Expandoport 6 are three- and six-slot expansion boards for the VIC 20. Each slot on the Expandoport 6 has a switch for controlling power to that con- nector. The switch allows the use of cartridges which respond to the same memory space. The Expandoport 6 also has a fuse and reset switch. The fuse prevents excessive current drain from the VIC 20 and protects it from 'shorts'. The reset switch allows the user to 'Restart' the VIC 20 without turning power off. This feature allows RAM, which is located in the ROM expansion area, to be protected during 'Restart'. Expandoport 4 is a four port expansion board for the Commodore 64. It has the same features as the Expandoport 6 and even allows for tlie use of varying width cartridges. C Terminal Pak Series. The VTE 40 Terminal Emulator (VTE 40) is a hardware and software package which converts the VIC 20 into a 40-column communications terminal. TTie VTE 40 cartridge is complete. Various set-up parameters such as baud rate, f)arity, duplex, and bits per character can be selected through a 'menu' format, VTE 40 features are: 40 x 25 text display, user definable communication specs, smooth or normal scroll, print infor- mation to printer or disk, generation of control codes, selective omission of data, continuous status line. The CTE/VTE Terminal Emulator (CTE/VTE) is a software program which converts the VIC 20 or Commodore 64 into a ter- minal. The user can 'software select' the baud rate compatible with the modem used. Full upper and lower case characters are supported D Audio Link. An audio cassette adapter interface for the VIC 20. Features include: use of regular cassette recorders, conver- sion of VIC 20 digital data to audio and visa versa, normal and inverted cessette signal, remote on/off control and control of external devices. A Interbus Series. B Expandoport Series. C Terminal Pak Series. D Audio Link. Call toll free for nearest dealer l-SOO-527-5285 Lifetime warranty available upon return of Product warranty card E VRAM. These memory expansion modules are designed to provide additional user programming space for the VIC 20 system. VRAM plugs into the memory expansion port and requires no additional power or modification to the VIC 20 system. The units are packaged as 3K, 8K, 16K and 24K modules, Strapping is provided for mapping 8K blocks of memory into the various available memory blocks. VIC 2il™ and Conraodore M™. CBM"™ and PET™ are rci^ercd IrademariB ol Cbmnujdore Business .Machines. Ejlpandoport, Audio Link. Ijilertius, Tfrminal Pak. VRAM and Monilar-link are coiiywrited by Mkro Systems Devdopment, Inc MICRO SYSTEMS □EVELOPMEIMT, IIMC. nice SHADY TRAIL • SUfTE 1D4 • DALLAS, TEXAS T^SHS Some Iclter-qiwlilif printers ii^e a "ihiuiblc." a vnrialioii of the daisy wliccl. Dot Matrix Take a look at the characters your computer dis- plays on your TV screen. Each one is made of tiny dots, usually within an 8 x 8 box. Figure 1 shows a typical dot matrix representation of the letter "A". The dots are formed by a sweeping electron beam in your TV tube. Dot-matrix printers also use a series of dots to form characters. The heart of a dot-matrix printer is the print head. Imagine it as a series of vertically stacked pins (see Figure 2). Eacli pin can be "fired" inde- pendently. To print a hne of text, the print head sweeps across the paper. Characters are not formed "all at once," but one vertical line at a time. There are several ways to print on the paper. Impact printers strike the pins against a ribbon to leave an impression on paper. Thermal printers use a column of tiny "spark plugs" to electrically vaporize (burn off) a special aluminum coating on thermal paper so that a black surface under the aluminum will show through. !iil<-jet printers spray ink through tiny holes. Each dot-matrix method has its ad- vantages and disad- vantages. Thermal printing is much quieter (and cheaper) than impact printing. Some thermal printers i^ are virtually silent. 'a print head from a dot-umtrix ^"'^-i^'t prm'ters are printer. The ends of the tiny even quieter, but loires which form the characters their price places are barely xusible at the front- them outside the center of the print-head. home computer 38 COMPUTE! June 1933 market for now. hnpact printers, despite their sound and higher price, do not require special thermal paper. Another disadvantage of thermal paper is that it does not age well. It oxidizes over time and darkens appreciably. Friction Vs. Tractor Also borrowed from typewriter technology, a platen is found in most friction-feed printers. The pressure of the rotating cylinder feeds single-sheet or roll paper. Unfortunately, friction-fed paper is subject to slippage and skewing. After ten forms, your printer may no longer be lined up with the paper. Skewing varies; some printers have excel- lent friction feed. However, the reliability of a tractor feed mechanism is generally superior for processing multiple forms. The "teeth" of a tractor feed mechanism fit into small holes on each side of the paper and pull it through the printer. Tractor feed is more expensive and requires continuous special pinfeed paper. However, the strips of holes can be detached and the paper separated into 8'/2"x 11" sheets. 1 f i II I ,,_-_„, A tractor-feed printer ivifh iSfi toothed Tc/ict'/s autl jk-rfonitcd paper. (The ri^ht-hand tractor /s unhitched.) Print Quality Obviously, formed character printers (daisy wheels) produce the best-looking text, indistin- guishable from a tvpewriter. This is important for business, where the "computery" style of dot-matrix is often unacceptable for letters. Some dot matrix printers, however, have exceedingly fine print quality. This is called correspondence quality, and can approach a typewriter's quality. Correspondence quality printers space the dots closer together. A 5 x 7 character matrix is standard on average dot-matrix printers, but cor- respondence quality printers use 9 x 9, 9 x 14 (or 9 X n, where n can vary), or even higher densities. Related to dot density are lowercase descen- ders, the "tails" on the letters g, j, p, q, and y, A 5x7 matrix is not really adequate for good de- scenders, which should extend at least two dots below normal letters. See Figure 3 for an example. flfl flfcade fidveflture iJ^Bfei, ♦r/^' A A.E.'s, produced by an industrial giant to control pollution on Earth have slipped quality control. They attack relentlessly in waves from the sky Your mission: to drive them farther and farther into space. With each successful defense, you are transported to another, then another more distant 3-D environment. With these progressively difficult scenes, A.E. delivers the ultimate challenge. Never has a computer game required such precision, such timing. You'll be hooked from the very start. A.E. (it means sting ray in Japanese) provides such enduhng satisfaction on every level that it will become your persona! standard of excellence in computer gaming. Now available for Apple II, II+, lie and Atari 400/800t 'Appte and Alan ara reglsl^ed Irademaiks of Appte Compuief. Inc.. and Atari, Inc. respectively. ^BrrjderbundSoftujare Broderbund Software, inc. 1938 Fourth Street San Rafael, CA 94901 (415)456-6424 Descenders can make text easier to read, and if you do a lot of proofreading or copy-editing, this can make a difference. Character Sets Every printer has a slightly different typeface, or character set. The character set is the various pat- terns that the print head uses to form a character. Some printers use a simplified character set for high-speed draft printing. The patterns are less dense. However, that same printer might also offer high-quality dot-matrix printing, but at a lower spteed. A printer should have upper- and lowercase, and all the normal symbols found on your keyboard. Some printers have special line- drawing graphics characters or foreign language symbols. Compare sample printouts from several printers wheri making your choice. Variations Dot matrix printers can also perform special tricks with the characters. They can elongate (print twice as wide) and condense (twice as small). Some printers can automatically underline text, others have horizontal or vertical tabs, or can double- strike or print in boldface. Printers can also vary the height of a printed line. Most printers are able to form feed (automatically advance to the top of the next page). This is done by sending a special message from your computer to the printer. Grapliics In addition to printing predetermined patterns (ordinary numbers, letters, etc.), some printers also let you control the print head directly to create your own custom graphics. You can create special symbols. And you can "dump" (copy) graphics from your computer, if it has a high-resolution screen. High-resolution is measured in dots-per- inch or dots-per-Une. You may not need more resolution than your computer has. If your com- puter can display 320 dots per line, you won't necessarily need a printer's capability to print 960 dots per line. One caveat of high resolution is speed; the more tiny dots you have to control, the more data needs to be sent. You may require a special machine language routine to effectively use dot graphics, so check what's available before buying. Printer Software Look over the available software which is com- patible with the printer you're considering pur- chasing. If your favorite word processor doesn't support the "FastPrint 110," you may not be able to use some of its features. However, some word processors let you embed special characters in your text to control any printer. Speed Generally, dot-matrix printers are fast 60 to 80 characters per second (CPS). Letter quality printers (daisywheels) run from 25 to 50 CPS. Some low cost daisywheels print at around 10-14 characters per second, so consider your patience threshold before you buy. Several tricks are used to increase throughput. Time normally wasted during the car- riage return, when the print head has to travel from the end of a line back to the beginning for the next line, can be used by printing backwards on the return. This is bidirectional printing, and can speed up overall output significantly. Another trick used in conjunction with bidirectional printing is logic-seeking. A logic- seeking printer attempts to print the shortest line. If necessary, the print head may return at high speed to print a short line. Some printers, espe- cially daisy wheels, also boast space skipping. This is most useful when the printer fills in blanks on a pre-printed form. Instead of advancing at a uniform rate, the printer counts all spaces re- ceived, and then quickly jumps directly to the next non-space printing location. Random Access Printer To free up the computer while the printer is zip- ping away, some printers contain an internal buf- fer. A buffer is just RAM memory, like your com- puter's RAM, but is inside the printer. The buffer accepts characters from your computer as fast as the computer can send them. It then feeds the characters to the printer at a more leisurely pace. If the buffer is large enough, your computer will be available almost instantly for other non-printer Figure 1: Dot Matrix Figure 2: Print Head Figure 3: Descenders • ••• ••: 5x7 "y" 9x9 "y" 40 COMPUIB June 1983 For Heroes Only! Blade of Blackpoole step back in time and join the searcti for the magical sword of Myraglym. Travel cautiously on your journey for yotJ will encounter dangerous serpents, spine-ctiilling evils and carnivorous plants that crave tiuman flesti! Avail, on disk (or the Apple II, II 1 or lie and Alari 800 or 1200 and Commodore 64. The planet Lexicon Is under attack! Letters of thie alphabet are falling from Itie sky. To repel Shem, you must be able to type the letters faster than they can fail. Be quick! An entire civilization is depending on your ski Avail, on disk lor the Apple II. or lie and Atari 800 or 1200, IBM-PC and Commodore 64 and on cartridge for the VIC-20. Critical Mass On Jan. 1st at 10:00 am, the U.N. received this message: "Good Morning, in exactly 9 days, the vifortd's S largest cities will be destroyed by thermal nuclear weapons." At 10:03 am, you received this assignment: STOP . . . THIS . . . LUNATIC! Avail- on disk for the Apple II. II I or Me and Alari 800 or 1200 and Commodore 64. Twerps The boldest space rescue ever! Defenseless Twerps are stranded on an aste- roid. You, Captain Twerp, are to board a Twerp- craft, blast through the Orblters, land safely and fescue your comrades. Beware of the Glingas and Tvirerp-eating Gleepnites! Avail, on disk lor the Apple 11. Il> or lie and Alan 800 or 1200. Pure Video Excitement! For Your Atari 800 or 1200, Apple II, II + or lie, Commodore 64, VIC-20 and IBM-PC Sirius. Twerps, Blade of Blackpoalen Type Attack and Critical Mass are trademarks oi SirJus Soltwaru. Inc.. 103G4 Rockingham Drive, Sacramonto, CA95B27 (916) 366-t195. All rights reserved. Apple II, II •. and lie are trademarks ol Apple Computer, Inc. Atari 800 and 1200 are trademarks ol Atari. Inc. VlC-20 and Commodore 64 are trademarks of Commodore Business Machines. Inc. IBM-PC is a trademark oi International Business Machines. Inc, Figure 4: Sample Type styles ft SAMPLE DOT-MATRIX PRINTOUT iDMercase descenders giJiP^q^y Highar quality text '.X csni^ 3^-t:.^d c: h S4»^ stcz t < CoipresHd chiracters offer iBre density per line fin si ternate- character set (typeface) n^O , E = MC - SUBSCRIPT AND SUPERSCRIPT This is a sample letter-quality printout lowercase descenders g.jrp>q>y tasks while the printer is printing. Almost all printers have a one-line buffer, but some printers have 4K, 16K, or even 64K buffers! Also, some manufacturers market add-on buffers that attach between your computer and the printer. The Interface Most computer manufacturers have a line of "official" printers. These are usually relabeled versions of other commonly available printers. Sometimes, the company that made your com- puter customizes the printer to add extra func- tions, or just a built-in interface. If you are buying a printer from a third party vendor, you may need a special cable or interface. The two most common printer interfaces are Centronics parallel and RS232C serial. Many home computers use a proprietary (non-standard) input/ output port and special cables. This does not lock you out from other printers if an "interface box" is available. You plug your computer's special cable into this "black box" and run a cable from the interface to the printer. Some interfaces also perform intelligent tasks, such as code translation, if your computer does not use the standard ASCII code {a convention for sending text as numbers). Print Width Most printers can print 80 columns per line, al- though some can squeeze in condensed characters in 132 character lines. Some printers have an extra- wide carriage. There are also 40-column and 32- column printers. If you plan to do word process- ing, you'll need an 80-column printer, since it matches normal 8'/2" x 11" paper. Forty-column printers aren't as common as they once were, 42 COMPUm June 1983 I since 80-column printers have become less expen- sive. If you are interested in screen dumps and program listings, you need a width equal to your computer's display width (22, 32, or 40 columns). IVIore On Daisy Wheels A daisy wheel printer prints by rotating a small metal or plastic disk with characters on long spokes, or petals. A hammer strikes the petal against the ribbon and paper. A variation on the daisy is the "thimble," where the petals are curved up into a cup, with the hammer in the middle of the cup. There are more moving parts and more metal and plastic in a letter quality printer than in a dot matrix or thermal printer. When you're shopping for a letter quality printer, see how many type styles are available. Also compare ribbon prices. Some daisy wheels can even superscript and subscript (roll the paper up or down half a line), type in boldface or "shadow," or even plot graphics using a period as a dot. Some lower price daisy wheels can mimic the features of their "big brothers," using the saiTie daisy wheel elements and ribbons. If you Want to add the valuable features of word processing, or want convenient hard copy at any time, a relatively small investment in a printer can change your whole outlook on your computer system. © TIMEX/APPLE Powerful, Professional, Quality Programs from Spectral Featuring these best sellers: FILE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM -You cremate and inanage all types ol Iiles for home and business [ncludes oplions lo enter records, edit locojAs, sort the file, search Ihe iile, and much much moriS. (TimeM only) $19.9S HOnSE RACING ANALYSIS -Use your computer Ip win money aV the laces, This program utilizes mdthemdtic;^! dnal/sis in conjunclion with an algorilhm developGd itom a computer Study of 7,000 races. (Timox / Apple) , . ,$24.ft5/ S2a.9S CORPORATE EXECUTIVE — A comprohensive simulation puts you m canliol ol a. Sarqe autcmabile inanufucturer. You make decisjcms on pricmq, advertising, production, ctipital investment, {etc , ). You r scene i^ dependent on ability and insight you display in managing ilio com- pany. Do you have the skills to beat the high pressured competition? Based on a program used to train top managers at major ujiiversilies. (Timex / Apple) - .S15.95 /SI9.9S SPECTRAL GRAPHICS- Actually A programs in one; this incredible syslem transforms you into <i computer artist capable ol creating remarkable pictuies. 3-DgiFaphit:s, and opticilIu.sjQn^. Exploie the full potential ol TimeK graphics, m a system which ts enjoyable and easy to use A great way to introduce your kids to the computer. (Timexonly) .S19.9S SPACE LANDER "You aie the captain of a spaceship w^iiose mission :3 to ex- plore the planets of the solar system- As you approach each planet, you must safely guide your craft through its atmosphere and attempt a successful landing. But Beware! Each plane! hag its owti perils waiting lor you, such as Pluta'.* huge undeegfound tunnel sysSeiii, This pio- gram features remarkable graphics and sounds, and does not require paddles. (Apple only) * S24.95 FLIGHT SIMULATION- A remciikable real- lime graphics simulation thai gives you the Jeelmg ol actually being in the cockpit. You have full control over a 747 let. Hint! Don't lorget youi landing gear. (Timex only) S19.95 Call or write for FREE CATALOG SPECTRAL Di&TA SYSTEMS inc P.O. Box 308 , , Plainvlew, New York 11803 (516) 68M909 ef predHcf s 1 64 FOR THl Be2Ogg0|^(^0B0K Softi<!are ZAPI - Climbing the corporate !adder could be fun except tor all thai falling paperwofh. This Hires arcade type game allows up to 4 players to advance through eacti floor to scale the corporate ranks. Be careful. It's easy to be ZAPPED! CARTRIDGE lor ViC 20 ' $29.95 ATE-PAK - Eight graphic games on tape with complete manual to BKplain gaming tech- niques. For VIC 20' ONLY $24.95 WORD WIZARD for ttie VIC 20 ■ • (Requires at least 8K memory expansmn) A user friendly WORD PROCESSOR with optional joystick control. Easy edit and string manipulation com mands. Full use of function keys. Delete Word. Search functions and Full Justification. Use VIC 20" printer, or any Centronics compatible printer connected to the user port. On Tape (supports disk). $34.95 BOMBER WORD - A unique graphic word game on cartridge that provides the full thrill of arcade action. Complete with six modes of plaj options for added enioyment. Pfay against the computer or another player. 6 to adult. For VIC 20" $29.95 TIC ATTACK - A fast action arcade game on Cartridge that challenges all of your denterity. Written m machine language for special audio & visual effects. Over 100 levels of play. High score indication. For VIC 20" $29.95 DOT-A-LOT - As you wander through life collecling Berries, you happen upon some magical Ifuit. Pick one and the treasures appear, but the Meanies are out today looking to spoil your tun Defeat them and continue on to a higher level. An ever changing maze plus arcade type animation to provide a real winning CARTRIDGE for the VIC 20' . $29.95 TRIPLE PLAY - Three games that are both fun and educational. CROSSWORDS) requires at east 8K expansion]. Five complete puzzles are included. CRYPTOSOLVE will help you solve those crvptic messages found in newspapers, and magazines with a systematic computer technique. Included are approximately 50 different puzzles. You can even enter your own cryptic messages. HIDDEN WORDS will display a matrix of seemingly random letters on the screen You should be able to find many words. Included are approximately 25 different puzzles For ViC 20- ONLY $29.95 for all 3 KEYQUEST - Our exciting new Arcade type game Ihat takes you through the many levels of an ancient dungeon white gathering treasures and gaining experience points. fVlonsters, magical keys, and hidden passages all add to the excitement. ON CARTRiDGE for VIC 20' . ONLY $29.95 SKETCH PAD & CHAR-GEN - A high resolution drawing program that will allow you to save your pictures to tape. Also included is a simple to use character generator that will allow you to design a different character for every printable key. Create game creatures. foreign alphabets, secret symbols or other special characters. One set is included. On tape for the VIC ZO* $24.95 Hardieare EXPAND-O-RAM • 16K Expansion Board for the VfC 20" with reset, memory write protect, full memory allocation, plus TWO slots, Like having 2 products in 1. Can be used as a cart- ridge development system too. $1 19.00 UNIVERSAL TAPE INTERFACE & DUPLICATOR - (Use on the Commodore 6i' and VIC 20' ), With this device, you can easily load, save or even duplicate tapes with your standard recorder. Full 3 LED indication of Data transfer. A refiabte way to Load, Save and Dupficate. NOTE: Duplication requires 2 standard cassette recorders. Only $49.50 TYMAG BUFFERED PARALLEL CABLE WITH DRIVER - For the VIC 20' & Commodore 64 ■ . This cable assembly plugs into the USER Port and provides a simple and inexpensive way to connect a PARALLEL Printer to your computer. ONLY $1 9.9S DRIVER CARTRIDGE for VIC 20' - Take full advantage of the capabil.ties of your Parallel Printer including lull Commodore graphics and formatting. Available for SEfKOSHA. C ITOH. OKIDATA. and others. Specify printer. ONLY $29.95 TYfVlAC "CONNECTION" - A truly intelligent parallel interface for the VfC 20' and Com- modore 64= . It will make your printer operate like the COf^fVlODORE Printer including graphics, text symbols, tabs, and virtually every other printer function. Plugs into the seriai socket. Avaifable for most popular parallel printer. $1 19.00 MosterCotd Dealer and Distributor Inquiries Invited 201-83B-9027 134ZB Route 23. Butler. KJ. 07405 micro DISTRIBUTING INC HDTt We solicit tiarc«re and soflware ilem$ fof \ht VIC 20 ' and Commodffe 64 Ruysllies. license fees, m ouUighl f>u'ChasES can tie negQtidted. Commodore 64* I VIC 20' are Registued Trademarlpis of Comrrodgre Bt^siness Machines. Inc The New, Low-Cost Printers Kathy Yakal, Editorial Assislant You no longer have to pay more for your printer than you did for your computer. There are now a number of good, low-cost printers thai offer many of the features found in more expensive models. If you've been putting off buying a printer because they're too expensive or they're too big, ugly, and noisy or there aren't very many to choose from - it could be that you just ran out of excuses. Your best approach might be to ask yourself a few questions first so you don't find yourself buying a printer that goes beyond your needs or, vi^orse yet, one that you'll outgrow in six months. If you're not sure what questions to ask, or if you want to familiarize yourself with the mechanics of these machines, see Charles Brannon's article in this issue on choosing the right printer. The $500 Cutoff In this article, we'll be dealing with a group of printers in the under-$500 price range. A year ago, that would have been a pretty short list. Many of these printers are new; the others have recently come down in price enough to be included. What can you reasonably expect from a print- er in this price range? More than you might think. You wouldn't necessarily want to use one of these models for business correspondence, but they would certainly suffice for personal correspon- dence, record-keeping, printing your own pro- grams, and other personal uses. As for features, there's no need to think that you can't expect a reasonable number of features found on more expensive printers. You just won't find as many. But several printers in this price range offer bidirectional printing, upper- and lowercase characters, some graphics capabilities, and at least one good interface. Also, most of these printers will accommodate full-size paper and offer a choice of friction or tractor feed. 44 COMPUTE! June 1983 Peripherals For Your Peripherals When you bought your home computer, you might never have dreamed that you would need more than 8K RAM. If you found, a few months down the road, that you really did need it, you bought additional memory. Likewise, it is possible to expand the capabilities of many printer models after you've bought them and used them awhile. You might find that a one-line buffer is so limiting that it's tying up valuable computer time or that your fric- tion feed printer does not allow you to print long documents continuously without stopping to feed more paper into it. Or you might buv a new computer that does not have the appropriate in- terface. Such situations can be resolved. You'll have several options. As for an additional buffer, this can be accom- plished with a data buffer. A data buffer pulls the stored information from your computer, stores it within itself, and feeds the data into your printer at a measured pace, freeing up your computer for other uses while your printer is printing. The Quadram Microfazer is one such device. The Microfazer plugs into a Centronics-compatible interface, and will give you up to 64K additional memory for under $300. Another is the Microbuffer from Practical Peripherals. The Microbuffer comes in three mod- els. One fits the Apple II and can be expanded up to a 64K buffer. Another model interfaces with Epson printers and contains up to 16K, although it reportedly will soon go up to 64K. The third is a stand-alone model, which fits virtually any printer/ computer combination that has the correct inter- faces; this model contains 256K buffer. Microbuffers come with RS-232 and Centronics parallel interfaces and retail for under $300. All of these units are stackable. Adding tractor feed to your friction feed printer YOUR HOME COMPUTER IS JUST The beginning. You've got your home finances organized, learned a little French, played a lot of Zork. You have all the software you want. Yet, something is missing. introducing Delphi™. The information, communications and entertainment system that takes you far lieyond the limitations of disks and cartridges. The system that's so friendly the whole family can use and enjoy it. Delphi is what the home computer was really meant for. Whatth^ home The price is friendly, too. HERE'S WHAT DELPHI Gl\TS YOU NOW With a simple telephone, call, you can look up any thing in a vast research library which includes a 20,00()-entry encyclopedia. You can do your banking. Get the news weather and sports stories you want from several wire services. Check airline schedules and make reservations, Shop from an electronic catalog. Tap into the Comp-U-Store* discount shopping service. Keep track of your appointments. Play games. Get in touch with other peo- ple through the electronic bulletin board, mail and "talk" (■■■■ services. Seek advice from other members and volunteer your own expertise. Collaborate on /' the Delphi novels. Take part ff in or run a subscriber poll. V V That's just the beginning. ^ YOU CAN BE PART OF THE DESIGN COMMITTEE. We're continually adding new services. But only services we think you and your family will use and enjoy, i What's coming, for example, are tutorials on subjects from algebra to zoology.^ ^ You can be part of the design committee. Just tell us what you'd like to see on Delphi. SO FRIENDLY, YOU DON'T EVEN NEED OUR HANDBOOK. Delphi is the easy-to-use, friendly information system. We fC5 designed it for humans. You don't have to speak computerese. In fact, you don't even need our friendly handbook. We'll take you on a guided tour right on your screen. DELPHI' It's just S49.95 to establish your Delphi membership and for the handbook to get you started. Then just as little as 85 cents for 10 minutes {$5 per hour) on-line for I most services during home time . . . evenings, weekends and holidays. Office time, of course, is more. DELPHI IS COMPAllBLE WITH YOUR EQUIPMENT No matter what home computer you have, you can use Delphi. Unlike other systems, Delphi is compatible with all makes and is easily adaptable to any screen size. And you can use just about any acoustic coupler or direct connect modem to connect Delphi to your telephone. WE PROTECT YOUR PRIVACY We designed privacy into u-a miii Delphi from the start. Our ymW password system prevents unauthorized access. We don't I even know your password, and you can change it any "^timcWe can't monitor your trans- actions or communications. We can't retrieve information except at your request. The safeguards are spelled out in our policy statement and agreed to by our people. A copy is available. We are members of and subscribe to the policies of the Videotex Industry Association. SIGN UP, LOG. BE IN TOUCH. To sign up- and log on, or for more informa- tion, just see your dealer. Or get in touch with Delphi. We'll put your computer in touch with destiny. '('.omp U Slon? i^ a rEgisleral imfcmark of Comp^ IJ Cani uf Amelia. Wbat the home computer was really meant for. Gtnerai Vidcole); Corp., 377 Putnam Ave., Cambridge, MA 02139 (6!7) 491-3J93 DATA 20 's easy to buy, easy to install, easy to use peripherals are available for both VIC 20® and Commodore 64.® Our enhancements give you more power, more sophisticated capabilities and now. . . Free software with any VIDEO PAK. WORD MANAGER, our exclusive word processing pack- age is fuU of advanced features. Combined with our VIDEO PAK, it gives your VIC 20 or Commodore 64 capa- bilities found only in the most expensive word processing programs. Like full- function status dis- play, and up and down scrolling, plus 13 advanced editing features including merging and block move. In addition, we've included complementary mailing list programs. AU are written in machine language for fast execu- tion and minimeil memory requirements. They're self-documenting and exceptionally easy to use. A self-adhesive strip for function keys makes most commEinds one-key simple. So simple, in fact, that we've eliminated the need for time- consuming menus and prompts. WORD MANAGER is pro vided on tape— and can be loaded to disk. It's yours free with any VIDEO PAK you pick. New! Our lowest priced VIC 20 VIDEO PAK ever. We've just introduced a highly cost-effective 8K version. Price it out! Just pop this cartridge into your expansion port, and your display instantly goes to the industry-standard 24 lines, with a choice of 40 or 80 characters. Displayed this way, you'U know exactly what you're going to get on the printout. And you really increase the amount of data you can see on the screen. You also increase memory in the process— to 12K to handle more sophisticated functions. Our package includes a terminal emulator and screen print feature. Plus the free WORD MANAGER software package! VIDEO PAR 80 for Commodore 64. Move up to the industry- standard 80-column format, and you'll wonder how you ever did without it! Use software control to go from 40 to 80 characters in monochrome- and back to 40 characters in color. With VIDEO PAK 80, you can take full advantage of the terminal emulator mode and screen print feature with software we include. And this is a great package for word processing— particularly with our free WORD MANAGER software. Z^ VIDEO PAK brings complete CP/M * com- patibility to your 64. TWs exciting peripheral gives you all the VIDEO PAK 80 features described above— plus! You see, our bmlt-in microprocessor and software give you CP/M com- patibility for any of the many programs format- ted for the Commodore 1541 ° Disk Drive. The possibilities are truly awesome! And the WORD MANAGER software is free with your purchase. VIDEO CABLE completes the installation. It's the easy way to connect your VIC 20 or Conmiodore 64 monitor to VIDEO PAK. And a must for 80-column use. PRINTER INTEREA.CE in serial. Here's the perfect connection for your VIC 20 or Commodore 64. With our interface, you just plug in and go. We have a simple, yet sophisticated interface that offers flexible, continuous monitoring of data transfer functions— and virtu- ally troubleshoots its own easy installation. EXPANSION CHASSIS lets you use 4 car- tridges at once. Run a series of compatible mem- ory, software or game cartridges of any make on your VIC 20. Anything with the standard 22-pin edge cormector. A built-in 500ma fuse protects your power supply. MEMORY CARTRIDGE boosts VIC 20 brain- power to 20K. This super-reUable cartridge features the finest quality components, housed in a rugged plastic case. Check out our AWESOME peripherals. Ask your dealer for a first-hand look at our extensive capa- bilities, high quality, and reasonable prices. Or send for a current catalog and price Ust. DATA 20 CORPORATION, 23011 Moulton Parkway, Suite BIO, Laguna Hills, CA 92653. Commodore 64, Commodore 1541, and VlC 20 are registered trade- marks of Commodore Electronics, Ltd. CP/M is a registered trademarlc of Digital Research, Inc. DMA CORPORATION: Price/Performance Peripherals NOW WITH FREE SOFTWARE! is not a problem in most cases; several computer manufacturers offer snap-on tractors at a fairly low cost. Nor is altering your interface capability generally much of a problem. Many Choices In the following printer descriptions, we will de- scribe the specifications and special features of each machine. This should help you to compare these models to your needs and budget. Epson MX-80 Of the Epson models in the MX Series, the MX-80 falls in our price category, retailing at $494. One standard feature of the MX Series is Graf- trax Plus. Epson has upgraded this graphics chip from the original Graftrax included in earlier Ep- sons; the chip can be added to an older model. Graftrax Plus provides a considerable variety of graphics capabilities. It allows graphics configura- tions of up to 120 dots per inch horizontally and 72 dots per inch vertically. It also has an italics set and 66 possible variations of print characters, if you count all of the script variations. The MX-80 can print a full 96-character ASCII set in upper- and lowercase. Characters are formed in its standard 9x9 matrix, though that can be emphasized and even double emphasized in a 9 x 18 or 18x18 matrix. Characters per inch (cpi) range from 5 to 17. 1 6, depending on which mode you're using, and characters per line (cpl) run from 40 to 132. The print head operates bidirectionally at a speed of 80 characters per second (cps). You can hook up an Epson MX-80 to several different models of home computers via its Cen- tronics parallel interface. A one-line buffer is stan- dard, but the optional RS-232 interface comes with a 2K buffer. An IEEE488 interface is also avail- able. The adjustable, tractor-type pin feed will accommodate up to 10-inch fanfold paper. Epson America, Inc. 3415 Kashium Street Torrance, CA 90505 66 COMPUTE! June 1983 Radio Shack TRS-80 DMP-100 Dot-Matrix Printer In December 1982, Radio Shack added a low-cost, dot-matrix printer to the growing list of TRS-80 microcomputer peripherals. Though Radio Shack has manufactured several printers for use with its personal computers, this is its first entry in the under-$500 bracket. The DMP-100's ability to print high-density, dot-addressable graphics is valuable for anyone interested in producing graphics on paper. Also, using an optional screen print program, the DMP- 100 can produce detailed black and white graphics printouts similar to those on the TRS-80 Color Computer screen display. Its main character set can be expanded from 10 cpi to 5 cpi to create more readable copy. The DMP-100's 80 upper- and lowercase 5x7 dot-matrix characters can be printed at a speed of 50 cpi. It has underline capacity and will take paper up to 9.5 inches wide. A buffer of 480 bytes is included with the printer, as is one ribbon car- tridge. Selectable serial and parallel interfaces may be used to connect the DMP-100 to your Radio Shack computer. The DMP-100 retails for $499. Tandy Corporation ISOO^One Tandy Center Fort Worth, TX 76102 Radio Shack TRS-80 DMP-100 Printelex About 2 inches high, 4 inches wide, and 8 inches long, the Printelex manages to pack many features into that small space. It retails for $145. The Printelex will not print on full-size paper. Its maximum paper width is 4.3 inches. And it's not an impact printer- it's thermal, so, although you won't have the noise of an impact printer, your paper costs will be Iiigher. The Printelex prints characters in a 5 x 7 dot matrix at the rate of 160 cps. It prints a standard 10 cpi for a maximum of 40 cpl. It prints graphics. It prints upper- and lowercase characters. It is not logic-seeking, but it does have a one-line buffer. Both right and left margins can be justified. The Printelex has both a Centronics parallel INSTA Introducing the Insta-Series from Cimarron— Instant Productivity Software for the Commodore 64 Personal Computer. The Software System: Insta-Writer, Insta-Mail, Insta-Calc, Insta-Check. Insta-Ledger, Insta-Sched. (nsta-File, and pro\^n Word Craft Ultra 64, DTL Compiler 64, and CMAR64 are all available on Disl<ette, Casette, or Cartridge. This is a software system specifically designed for Your Productivity; manage information— Instantly! Call 714 662-2801 or contact the Commodore Dealer nearest you. Insta-Series— you're communicating with the future— Now! THE INSTA-SERIES IS DISTRIBUTED BY MtCRO-SCt MARKETING. DMSION OF STANDUN CONTROLS. INC. 2158 HATHAWAY STCEET SANTA ANA CAUFORNIA 92705 TELEX 910-346-6739, FOR A ! 7"x22" COLOR POSTER OF "INSTA". SEND 55 (CHECK OR MONEY ORDER) TO MICRO-SCI MARKETING cCIMARIONCOeF.A DMSONOF SIANDUN CONrKOlS. INC CO/^flMCXXXEM IS A TRAO£^W^K Of COMMQDCHE Apple Computer Inc., 20525 Mariani Avisnue, Cupertino, Califorriia 95014 Vol. ! No. 2 For the authoriaid Apple dealer nearest you, call 800'538'9696 (800-662'9238in California.) Fruitful Connections. Tliere are more people in more places making more accessories and peripherals for Apples than for any other personal computer in the world. Thanks to those people — in hundreds of independent companies— you can make the humblest 1978 Apple II turn tricks that are still on IBM's Wish List for 1984. But now we're coming out widi our very own line of peripherals and accessories for Apple" Personal Computers. For two very good reasons. First, comparibiIir\'. We've created a totally kluge-free family of products designed to take full advantage of all the advantages built into every Apple. Second, service and support. Now the same kindly dealer who keeps your Apple PC in the pink can do the same competent job for your Apple hard -disk and your Apple daisyvvheel printer So if you're looking to expand the capabilities of your Apple 11 or III, remember; Now you can add Apples to Apples. Gutenberg would be proud. Old Faithful Silentype'lias now been joined by New Faithfuls, the Apple Dot Matrix Printer and the Apple Letter Quality Wnter ^ , So now, whatever your budget and your .needs, you can hook your Apple to a printer that's specifically designed to take advan- tage of all the features built into your Apple. With no compromises. The 7x9 Apple Dot Matrix Printer is redefining "correspondence quality" with exceptional legibility. With 144x160 dots per square inch, it can also create high resolution graphics. The Apple Letter Quality Printer, W' ' ."""^which gets the words out about 33% -'^^aster than other daisywheel printers in its price range, also offers graphics L .ipabilities. See your authorized Apple dealer for more information and demonstrations. Because, unfortunately, all the news fit to print simply doesn't fit. Ajoy to behold The new Apple Joystick 11 is the ultimate hand control device for the Apple 11. Wliy is it such a joy to use? With two firing buttons, it's the first ambidextrous joystick — just as comfortable for lefties as righties. Of course, it gives you 360° cursor control (not just 8-way like some game-oriented devices ) and full X/Y coordinate control. And the Joystick II contains high-quality components and switches tested to over 1,000,000 life cycles. Wliich makes it a thing of beautv'. And a joystick forever ©I9fl3 Apple Computer Inc A storehouse of knowledge* the creek without paddle? Or loit in space^ Or down in the dun^ons? Whafe\^er your games, you'll be happi to know that someone has finaly come out with game paddlefbuilt to hold up under blisteriig tire. Without giving you blisters! Ap'nle Hand Controller II game paldles were designed with one recem discovery in mind: Peopl^laying games get excited aril can squeeze \'ery, very hard. '\ So we Made the cases extra rugged. Wfejlsed switches tested to 3,000,00Jlife cycles. We shaped them for hoeing hands and placed the firing ^Itton on the right rear side for mifcimum comfort. So yo»l never miss a shot. If you work with so much data or so many programs that you find yourself shuffling diskettes con- stantly you should take a look at Apple's ProFiie? the personal mass storage system for the Apple III Personal Computer. This Wmchester-based S-megabyte hard disk can handle as much data . as 35 floppies. Even more important for some, it can access that data about 10-times faster than a standard floppy drive. So now you r Apple HI can handle jobs once reserved for computers costing thousands more. As for quality and reliability, you need only store one word of wisdom: Apple. Launching pad for numeric data. Good tidings for crunchers of numerous numbers: Apple now offers a numeric keypad that's electronically' and aesthetically compatible with the Apple II Personal Computer ' So you can enter numeric data faster than ever before. The Apple Numeric Key- pad II has a standard calculator- st^'le layout. Appropriate, because unlike some other key- pads, it can actually function as a calculator. Tlie tour function keys to the left of the numeric pad should be of special interest to people who use 'V^siCalc." Because they let you zip around your work sheet more easily than ever, adding and deleting entries. With one hand tied be- hind your back. V^vK'.ik- 1; aivRistcati tr,idt-mark of VisjCorp. Inc. interface and an RS-232. Computer Peripherals, which manufactures the Printelex, says that it is ideal for use with Sharp, Epson HX20, Atari, Texas Instruments, and Commodore computers. Computer Pcriplwrah 1117 Venice Boulcimni Los Angeles, CA 90015 Data Impact D-92 Data Impact Products offers several add-ons, all of which can be purchased separately for under $100 each. The printer itself, the D-92, retails for $399. The D-92 is 100 cps, bidirectional. It can print upper- and lowercase, but has no graphics capa- bilities built in. A chip allowing dot-addressable graphics is available for $30, and is easily installed. Another add-on will expand the standard 800- character buffer to 2K. The D-92 comes with a standard friction feed that will accommodate up to 8.5-inch paper. You may also purchase a tractor feed for up to 10-inch paper or a single sheet feeder as options. Character pitch varies from 5 to 16.5 cpi; ac- cordingly, cpl can be between 40 to 132. There are four more pitch variations between those bound- aries. Characters can be formed in either a 7 x 9 or 11x9 dot matrix. Data Impact D-92 The Data Impact D-92 can be interfaced with a number of popular personal computers via its Centronics parallel interface. An RS-232 serial interface is also available as an option for $40. Data Impact Products 745 Atlantic Avenue Boston, MA 02211 Okidata Microline 80 Okidata manufactures a number of printers that cost more than $500, but has recently come out with a machine that retails for $449 - the Microline 80. The ML80 can be interfaced with the Radio Shack TRS-80, Apple, IBM, and several other popular home computers through its Centronics- compatible interface. The ML80 can print its 7 x 9 dot matrix char- acters at 80 cpl for standard size print and 132 cpl 52 COMPUTl! June1P83 for condensed print. It can produce double-width characters at the rate of 5 cpi. Depending on the type of feed used (friction and pin are standard, a snap-on tractor is optional), up to 9.5-inch paper can be used. Up to 64 block shapes can be printed for graphics printing. Okidata Microline 80 The manufacturer claims that the MLSO's print head, operating at a speed of 80 cps uni- directional, will have a life of more than 200 million characters. Short, low-mass pins arc used which are made of an extremely hard alloy. The ML80 uses a spool ribbon. No buffer is included, but it is available through an interface. Okidala 1 3 1 Gaitlier Drive Mt. Laurel, N} 08054 Timex/Sinclair 2040 Thermal Printer In the first quarter of 1983, Timex Computer Cor- poration entered the personal computer printer market with its TS2040. This 32 column thermal printer is compatible only with Timex/Sinclair's two low-cost computers, the TSIOOO and TS2000, and it retails for $99.95. Measuring 4.2 x 14.7 x 12 inches and weighing not much more than this magazine, the TS2040 can be hooked right up to your TS home computer by means of its Z-80 I/O port. It has graphics and text capabilities in two different modes: full- Tiniex/Siiiclair 204O screen printing with single-key command, and a program-controlled printing mode which allows custom control of the printing format. 6x6 dot-matrix characters are printed at a rate of 64 cps; at a pitch of 10 cpi, a total of 32 cpl "LOOK, MA, NO JOYSTICK!" USE COLORCRAFT SCREENS IN YOUR BASIC PROGRAMS Qf COLORCRAFT WRIHEN IN 6502 MACHINE LANGUAGE A GRAPHICS ANIMATION PROGRAM Now, Sim brings ttie power of animation to your home tinrough COLORCRAI^. Unlike a gome, COLORCRAR stimulates your creativity. COLORCRAin' lets you create designs and set them in motion for real animation and lots of fun. "More than a game, COLORCRAR is an educational toy."— George Barnes, Software City Stores, NJ VIC 20 and Commodore 64 Cassette-$24.95 Diskette-$29.95 COMMODORE-ATARI-TEXAS INSTRUMENTS SOFTWARE HOME-CALC A powerful electronic spreadsheet for personal applications • Cor Expenses • Budgets • Home Finonces • Income Tax • Investments • Sports Records • Ptiyment Schsedules • Stock Portfolios • Expense Accounts Atari 400 and 800 Cassetfe-S29.95 Dtskefte~S39.95 COLORCI?AR $2.50 REBATE Send rebate coupon and soles receipt. Include yellow cartoon strip on back of box. SIM COMPUTER PRODUCTS, INC. - offer expires 7/15/83 CREATE WITH COLORCRAFT CONTEST Serxj in your best animatbn and WIN! Computers. Disk Drives. Printers INSIDE BASIC PROGRAMS WITH THE WORKS* 'Programmer's Notes Included VIC 20 and Commodore 64 Atari 400 and 800 Texas Instruments TI99/4A GMAi.% AND PUZZLES BLS-GB01 -Number Jotto BLS-Gl02-Vectron BLS-GA03-Kentucky Derby BUSINESS BLS-BB01-Form Generator BLS-BI02-Appointments BLS-BA03-Task Organizer PROGRAMMING AIDS BLS-PB01 -Cassette filer BLS-PI02-Diskette Filer BLS-PI03-Menu Magic EDUCATION BLS-EBOI-Quiz Me BLS-EB02-Word Match BLS-EI03-Mafti Grapti S14.95 S14.95 Si 9.95 S19.95 S24.95 S24.95 S14.95 S24.95 Si 9.95 S14.95 $14.95 SI 9.95 ToOrdvR Specjfv Progrom and Bjond of Computer InclucJe Coupons: Add S2.00 shipping ond handling' SencJ Check or Istoney OrOer COD. ond credit cord orders Call (215) 825-42SO • NJ. PA fssidents add 6% sales fox C.O.D. orxd credit cord charge 51,50 VIC 20 ond Comm 64 ore Iradennarks of Comrrvodore Busir>ess Mochir^es, Irvc Atan 4€0 and 600 ere rrodefioiks of Atari. Irx:. HW/dA Is o tioctemorir ot teitos IrMlTuments Pcawurw products nC- 1100 E. HECTOR ST. WHITEMARSH, PA 19428 Dealer Inquiries Invited - Look for us at Summer CES can be printed on up to 4.3-inch wide paper. There is one character set that can be printed in upper- case only. The TS2040 features a specially designed housing to achieve quiet operation. Timex Coininttcr Corporation WaterburyXT 06720 Commodore 1525P Commodore offers two under-$500 printers. Three, if you count the new four-color printer/ plotter that retails for $199.95 (see last month's COMPUTE!). The other printer, the 4022, is com- patible with the Commodore CBM Series and retails for I The VIC 1525P is compatible only with the VIC-20 and the Commodore 64 via a serial bus. It retails for $395 and runs at a speed of 30 cps. The 1525P can print ten 6x7 dot-matrix cpi, up to a maximum of 80 cpl. It is capable of printing upper- and lowercase characters, and graphics. The print head is unidirectional. A one-line buffer is standard on the 1525P. The built-in tractor feed will take up to 9.5-inch wide paper. Commoiiorc Biifiiiiess Machines Consumer Products Division 487 Devon Park Drive Wayne, PA 19087 Mattel Aquarius Thermal Printer One of the many peripherals designed for use with the new Mattel Aquarius home computer system is its thermal printer. This is strictly a one- system printer; it connects directly to the Aquarius console without additional interfaces, as do the other Aquarius peripherals. The Aquarius printer offers 40, 5 x /characters per line (10 cpi) at the rate of 80 cps. It is capable of printing 256 characters including upper- and lowercase letters, numerals, and special graphics characters. It also allows reproduction of graphics in the same configuration that appears on the computer screen. The printer will accept special thermal paper 4-3/8 inches wide. Mattel is also planning to introduce a "master expander module" later this year that will allow the addition of up to eight more peripherals to the system (subject to FCC rules and certification). Mallei Eleclroiiic^ 5150 Rosecraiif Avenue Hawthorne, CA 90250 Mattel Aquarius Printer Scikosha GP-250X Seikosha GP Series The Axiom Corporation manufactures a large line of low-cost printers. The IMP-4 offers Quad Density Graphics Resolution, which allows up to 19,008 individual dots to be printed bidirectionally within a square inch. The GP-IOOA and 250X, retailing at $389 and $499 respectively, both have dot-addressable graphics, though the 250X has a more advanced graphics mode. Both print 10 cpi, 80 cpl, and they both have tractor feeds that can work with up to lO'inch wide paper. The 250X can print double- height characters in addition to the standard and double-width characters available on both, and character modes can be mixed on the same line. Multiple copies are possible on both machines, one additional on the lOOA, two on the 250X Graphics. The 250X is faster than the lOOA - 50 cps compared to 30. Two interfaces are standard, Centronics parallel and RS-232, and several more are available. There are 64 user-definable char- acters (384 bytes) which may be stored in the 54 COMPUn! June 1983 HAVE A PICNIC WITH THE VIC-NIC The Word Processor designed especially for your VIC-20. Output Files compatible with: Word Pro Superscript Silicon Office Word Craft Paperclip Final Word ....and many others wordwrap — two story areas all expected commands such as insert, delete, move text, save, recall, etc. Relocatable will work automatically on any size VIC Flexible works with either tape or disk Fast written in machine language Compatible files created on the VIC-NIC maybe processed on many other word processors Unbelievable! But for $19.50 there will be sent to you a tape or 4040 format disk (designate which you want or tape will be sent) that includes both the standard tape version and the expanded tape/disk version and instructions (both on the tape or disk and in printed form). The system is designed so that you can use many of the popular existing word processors for output, or you can use the written in BASIC (so you can modify it if you have a special printer) printing/output program that will be included on your tape or disk. ONLY* 19-5° Cash, Cheque or Money Order to: i TYPE THRIFT Dept. K SHELBUKNE, ONTARIO CANADA LONISO Dealer Inqoiries Invited printer's memory. That's in addition to the 80-byte standard buffer. Both the GPIOOA and 250X will interface with several homo computers, including the Apple, Atari, and Radio Shack. Axiom Corporation 2014 Grisu'old Aiviuie San Fernando, CA 91340 Pnmmtcr 8510-AP Seikosha GP-IWA Panasonic JR-02P One of the peripherals manufactured for the Panasonic JR-200U home computer is the JR-02P dot-matrix printer. It features ten 5x7 dot-matrix cpi, 80 cpl at the rate of 30 cps; and one character set that can print upper- and lowercase. It includes a Centronics parallel interface, allowing hook-ups to any compatible computer, the capability for both tractor and friction feed for up to 10-inch paper, and 90 bytes of memory. Panasonic JR-02P There are also user-definable characters; the ability to repeat graphics or data patterns at the touch of a single button; same-line mix of charac- ters, graphics, and double-width characters; and dot-addressable graphics. The Panasonic JR-02P retails for $369. Panasonic Company One Panasonic Way Secaucus, N] 07094 56 COMPUTE! June 1963 Prowriter 8510-AP Retailing at $495, the Prowriter offers a standard pitch of 10 cpi for a total of 80 cpl. Its dot-matrix characters measure 7x9 and can be printed in upper- and lowercase. The printhead is bidirec- tional, and its standard friction and tractor feeds will accommodate up to 10-inch wide paper; paper can be cut off less than 1 inch from the print line. A Centronics parallel interface is standard. The Prowriter prints at 120 cps. A full kilobyte of buffer is included. It boasts a variety of character sets including Japanese, German, Swedish, Greek, or standard English. High resolution graphic printing is possible; each 1 square inch can hold up to 144 X 160 dots. There arc eight different character sizes. C. I loll Electronics 5301 Beethoven Street Los Angeles, CA 90066 NEC PC-6000 NEC PC-6021 Thermal Printer Built to interface with NEC's PC-6000 home com- puter {though it does have a Centronics parallel interface), the NEC PC-6021 Thermal Printer pro- vides printed copy of your programs and graphics. Its 5 X 7 dot matrix characters print at a speed of 40 cps; the maximum 4.5-inch thermal paper will accommodate 20 or 40 cpl. Upper- and lowercase printing is standard. It does have graphics capabilities, and has only one character set. The NEC PC-6021 ("NEC TREK") is available at a retail price of $249.95. NEC Home Electronics, Inc. 1401 Estes Avenue Elk Grove Village, IL 60007 M Midway's GORF "FallMul to the atcade version. " —Book of ^ fan Software 1983 ■ In the dark reaches ol h/perspace, confront the fierce Gorfian Empire. Bailie Gorfs, Droids, Lasers and Subquark Torpedoes in your allempi to survive. Multi-screen action tor one or two piayers. ROM Cartridge or 24K disk. ' •rr^_ •<.,,,: Midway's WIZARD OF WOR '■An action-packed shoot-em-up: an outstanding job.'— Book at Atari Soltware 1983 Battle hideous and deadly creatures of doom. Survive the changing mazes and defeat the fiendish Wizard of Wor. Multiple screens, simultaneous one or two- player action.HOMCanridgeor32Kdisk. DELUXE INVADERS "By lar the best Space Invaders program ever released lor a personal computer."— Electronic Games Be warned! The Invaders have broken i arcade boundaries to bring their awesome challenge to your home computer. The belter your defense, the more fierce their assault. Nine difficulty levels. One or two-player action. R OM Cartridge or16Kdisk. ANTI-SUB i>ATROL NEW! Tactical Search and Destroy Mission Anti-Sub Patrol puts you in command of a / squadron of sub-hunling destroyer escorts, ^ Your mission— rid the seas of two subs whose single goal is to blast you from the waters. Stand by lor suspense! 32K disk, 24K cassette. ^' COMING SOON FOR EVEN MORE FUN: Da Fuzz'". Lifespan '", Roekball '", Eyes "^'. and Castle H assle. Ask for Roklan Software at leading software dealers nationwide. fffj f&i ' 3335 N.Arlington Heights Road Arlington Heights, IL 60004 ATAHI isaregiiteri-dtradcmarli of Alari. Int. Gort'" wd Wiurd of Wor "■' •retrademarlH otBanyJMidway M[g. Co. DiFlin RQCkball'^' and ey«"'Metradtmark5 ot Techjtar. Inc. Lifespan "'ilatradcmaih 0( AdmiCMdam-Flyghliol Fanr'- '— Alphacom 42 Thermal Printer The Alphacom 42 Thermal Printer is a recent up- grade of Alphacom's VP42 printer. Two features have been expanded: interface capability and graphics. Where the VP42 worked only with the Commodore VIC-20, this new model will be able to interface with the VIC-20 and the Commodore 64, Atari 400, 800, and 1200XL, and Texas histru- ments 99/2 and 99/4A. Cartridge cables, sold sepa- rately, will be required to attach the printer to each manufacturer's line of microcomputer. The Alphacom 42 also has higher resolution graphics than its predecessor. At a speed of 80 cps, the Alphacom 42 prints forty 5x8 characters per line on 4.5-inch paper. One set of upper- and lowercase characters is included, as is a one-line buffer. The printer and one cable will retail for slightly over $200. Alphacom 2323 South Bnsanu Avenue Cniuph'll, CA 95008 © COMPUTE! The Resource, Home Control System for the VIC 20 ■ Control up to 256 lights S appliances •ON. OFF. ALLON, ALLOFF Commands * 9 levels of Brightness * Manual S Time Control Software * Uses BSR remote switches ■plugs into User Port $RQ95 only «#9 MasterCard or VISA Accepted Call 215-861 -0850 to Order GENESIS COMPUTER CORP. 1444 Linden Street Bethlehem, PA 18016 clear screen JOB PRJNT" (CLRJHIDHEST MICRO" ne PRINT" (DN) (C> igas 1£0 PPlNT"<c i^)5MaBT fl^ cl 130 PR1NT"PBINTER INTEHFfiCE-" l^e PPINT'-NOH COWSECt PRlNTEfi 130 PRlNT"flW p PRESS HETURN 168 REM 17B PRINT":HVS> HEPDV ISe REM 13e UQITlSe, liBETCt sea iFci»CH H«n3iGDTo i9e 218 REM [ home 228 PRIMT"TEFT' . with Smart ASCII THE FOLLDUIWG SECTION USES a NRMED LflEIEL NOUTt^E. 498 REM 'SLOP 508 X-1 IGDSUE JO^E 518 nqiNT XiEOTDGLOP Send for a free brochure describing our other quality products. Dealer inquiries invited. [" A software parallel printer Interface for the VIC and '64. $59'^ What's Unprintable? Cursor moverments and otiier special control commands! Your parallel printer carj't LIST these from the VIC or '64. Why? Because the Commodore graphics representing these commands are not found on most parallel printers, and these commands often cause your printer to jump into Bold, or go "off-line", etc- SOLGTIOM? Smart ASCII! (Say askee.) This new software interface converts your user port into an intelligent parallel port for most popular printers (Epson, Microline, Smith-Corona, etc.). Smart ASCII provides 3 print modes: CBM ASCII for listing. TRUE ASCII for text, and TRANSLATE. TRANSLATE is smart! ft intercepts printer output and translates control commands into helpful text abbreviations. No more printer hang-ups and compfele. readable listmgs! How about Word Processing? Enjoy faster, letter-quality printing with low-cost parallel printers. Compatible with most applications programs: WORD PRO* QUICK BROWIS FOX* MICRO SPEC ACCOUMTING. MAIL-LIST. WRITER'S ASSISTAMT, etc. Rexible? You bet! Works with any size VIC or the '64; has 3 print modes; for "Centronics" protocol parallel printers; relocatable software for special programming needs; programmable Device'; and, you can copy to disk for quick loading. Complete with connecting cable and instruction book. On cassette. MIDWEST MICRO inc ORDER DESK: (816) 333-7200 311 WEST 72nd STREET • KANSAS CITY • fi/llSSOURI • 64114 MAIL ORDER: Add iix shipping emo handling tW.50 lof C.O.O.); ViSAMaslsrcard add 3% (cardN and exp. dale]. MO re^denls add 4.6^0 sales tax. Fomgn Oftiors payable U.S.$, U.S. Ban* ONLY; add « stipflindla. 58 COMPUTCI June 1983 (0 z O 5 LIJ a « z 1 s < a c 9 ■D ■D < 1 11 II ffl" w 1 y. ro Is W CO inUJ 1 5 ^ 1 1 1 Interfaces: external HS-232wi1h 2K buffer, cables for TRS-80, Atari, \BIJ\, Apple (with Graphax software) g in OJ E (0 1 0} 1 1 o 0] 1 11 03 S 9 Q. CO C to 1 O o -J < z O H Q O < z O o u. O UJ Q. CO -J < o z < X o ID D..C 11 05 in CO o O in OS o o en O 4- [TO. O T3 C in (ft 05 s 5 c in in in 1 OJ m OJ m m HI 0} c O c IS c O 8 CO a: c 5 0) c o o Z (S c o c IB ^ 1 o CO (0 1. § z i i 2 s o Z o z Q z o Z o 2 i o z o z 1 UJ >- yj > o o z ^ c .a E 1 1 CO 03 © ] 1 Q. M 8 Q- co 1 f 1 i f O 4» O (D t CO O o E & o 9 2 Q- S c ■D 03 '5 (T Q) 0) o z 1 o o O lA U 'c o c ID O to (0 "to to to 41 SI Hi 10 (U CD (0 D. 15 u fflCO a, s g O s cr 0) § z 1 c o c c uo: c U s c o U O o Q 1 o ^ >- o z Is "i: to a" a 3 1 o z I/) > t/) >- > (A 0} O H t o O C O 5 Cl c O 0) c O c O c O c O C o c O > z| ^ J- o 1 ^ > > 3 > > lA 91 >- ?- 0) o 0} o 1 1 I n 5 s * in e. (J o 03 o CO o CO § O 1 § g g O o o g 3 1j ? g B o CO g o CO g o o § § § i New, Low Cost P n SPECIFICATIONS U ■ CPI = characters per inch; CPL = characters per line; CPS = characters per second t Manufacturers' suggested list prices. We have Wed to be as campte/rmti^ve as p o o o o o o o O o o o o O o o 03 X X tn OJ X CO X in r^ X to X CC to r^ X m X mm X X en X X r-. X un in II ll If o- II (D C u ra 1 o cy 9 n: O 1 yj 1 s ST < 6 i § li CCD X o in CM Cl to x: w O 1 < o o cL O 1 O O E X a. E E o Q i n z 1 June 1983 COMPUTl! 59 wabasK for as low as diskettes $1.39 each! Now.. .Get High Quality at a Low Price Wabash means quality products that you can depend on. For over 16 years, Wabash has been making high quality computer products. Wabash diskettes are made to provide error-free performance on your computer system. Every Wabash diskette is individually tested and is 100% certified to insure premium performance. Why Wabash is Special The quality of Wabash diskettes is stressed throughout the entire manufacturing process. After coating, ail Wabash diskettes go through a unique burnishing process that gives each diskette a mirror-smooth appearance. Wabash then carefully applies a lubricant that is specially form- ulated to increase diskette life. This saves you money, since your discs may last longer It also assists your disk drives in maintaining constant speed which can reduce read and w/rite errors. Special Seal. ..Helps Prevent Contamination To keep out foreign particles, a un ique heat seal bonds the jacket and liner together, A special thermal seal which avoids contamination from adhesives, is then used to fold and seal the jacket. This results in outstanding perfor- mance and true reliability. Wabash then packages each diskette, (except bulk pack) in a super strong and tear resistant Tyvek® evelope. The final Wabash product is then shrink-w/rapped to insure cleanliness and reduce contamination during shipment. Each Diskette Is 10O% Critically Tested Since each step in the Wabash diskette manufacturing process is subject to strict quality control procedures, you can be sure Wabash diskettes will perform for you. And every Wabash diskette meets the ultra-high standards of ANSI, ECMA, IBM and ISOinaddition to the many critical quality control tests performed by Wabash. Wabash does all of this testing to provide you with consistently high quality diskettes. Reliability and data integrity - that's what Wabash quality is all about. Flexible Disc Quantity Discounts Available Wabash diskettes are packed 1 discs to a carton and 1 cartons to a case. The economy bulk pack is packaged 100 discs to a case without envelopes or labels. Please order only in increments of 100 units for quantity 100 pricing. With the exception of bulk pack, we are also willing to accommodate your smaller orders. Quantities less than 1 00 units are available in increments of 1 units at a 10% surcharge. Quantity discounts are also avail- able. Order 500 or more discs at the same time and deduct 1 %; 1 ,000 or more saves you 2%; 2,000 or more saves you 3%; 5,000 or more saves you 4%; 10,000 or more saves you 5%; 25,000 or more saves you 6%; 50,000 or more saves you 7% and 1 00,000 or more discs earns you an 8% discount off our super low quantity 100 price. Almost all Wabash diskettes are immediately available from CE. Our warehouse facilities are equipped to help us get you the quality product you need, when you need it. If you need further assistance to find the flexible disc that's right for you, call the Wabash diskette compatibility hotline. Dial toll-free 800-323-9868 and ask for your compatibility representative. In Illinois or outside the United States dial 312-593-6363 between 9 AM to 4 PM Central Time. Pan # CE quant. 100 price per disc ($( F111 1.99 F111B 1.79 F31A 1.99 F131 2.49 F14A 3.19 F144 3.19 F145 3.19 F147 3.19 M11A 1.59 M11AB 1.39 U41A 1.59 MSI A 1.59 UStF 2.99 M13A 1.89 M13AB 1.69 M18A 2.79 M43A 1.89 M53A 1.89 M14A 2.79 M44A 2.79 M54A 2.^9 M1SA 2.69 M16A 3.79 SAVE OM WABASH DISKETTES Product Description 8" SSSD IBM Compalible (128 B/S, 26 Sectors) 8" Same as above, but bulk pack w/o envelope 8" SSSD Shugart Compatible. 32 Hard Sector 8" SSDD IBM Compatible (1 28 B/S. 26 Sectorsl 8" DSDD SofI Sector (Unformatted! 8" DSDD Soft Sector (256 B/S, 26 Sectors) e" DSDD Soft Sector (5 12 B/S, 15 Sectors) 8'- DSDD Soft Sector (1024 B/S, 8 Sectors) 5V4" SSSD Soft Sector w/Hub Ring 5V4" Same as above, but bulk pack w/o envelope 5'A" SSSD 10 Hard Sector w/Hub Ring 5W' SSSD 16 Hard Sector w/Hub Ring SVi" SSDD Lanier No-pfOblem compatible S'A" SSDD Soft Sector w/Hub Ring 5y»" Same as above, but bulk pack w/o envelope 5'U" SSDD So(t Sector Flippy Disk {use both sides) 5'/." SSDD 10 Hard Sector w/Hub Ring SV." SSDD 16 Hard Sector w/HuD Ring 5'/." DSDD Soft Sector w/Hub Ring S"." DSDD 10 Hard Sector w/Hub Ring 5Vt" DSDD 16 Hard Sector w/Hub Ring 5'/." SSQD Soft Sector w/Hub Ring (96 TPI) 5V>" DSQD Soft Sector w/Hub Ring (96 TPI) SSSD = Single Sided Single Density: SSDD = Single Sided Double Density: DSDD = Double Sided Double Density: SSOD = Single Sided Quad Density: DSQD = Double Sided Ouad Density: TPI = Traces per inch. Buy with Confidence To get the fastest delivery from CE of your Wabash computer products, send or phone your order directly to our Computer Products Division. Be sure to calculate your price using the CE prices in this ad. Michigan residents please add 4% sales tax or supply your tax I.D- number. Written purchase orders are accep- ted from approved government agencies and most well rated firms at a30% surcharge fornet 30 billing. All sales are subiectto availability, acceptance and verification. All salesare final, f^rices, terms and specifications are subiect to change without notice. All prices are in U.S. dollars Out of stock items will be placed on backorder automatically unless CE is instructed differently. Min- imum prepaid order S50.00, Minimum purchase order $200.00. International orders are invited with a $20.00 surcharge for special handling in addition to shipping charges. All shipments are F.O.B. Ann Arbor Michigan. No COD's please. Non-certified and foreign checks require bank clearance. For shipping charges add S8.Q0 per case or partial-case of 1 00 8-inch discs or S6.00 per case or partial-case of 1 00 5'/«-inch mini-discs for U.P.S, ground shipping and handling in the con- tinental United States. Mail orders to: Communications Electronics, Box 1002, Ann Arbor, Michigan 481 06 U.S.A. If you have a Master Card or Visa card, you may call and place a credit card order. Order toll-free in the U.S. Dial 800-521-441 4. If you are outside the U.S. or in Michigan, dial 3 1 3-994-4444. Order your Wabash diskettes from Communications Electronics today. Copyright 1982 Communications Electronics" Ad #110582 MEMBER M tWBtH mmm <J^t>(iJ» Dime! MIJL ^^ m»— ^ M«mEnM<ss()CMiiM ^M^r Order Toil-Free! wabash 8CX)-521-4414 l^/V'li^^ In Michigan 313-994-4444 dlSketteS COMMUNICATIONS ELECTRONICS" Computer Products Division 854 Phoenix a Box 1 002 D Ann Arbor. Michigan 48 1 06 U.S.A. Call TOLL-FREE (800) 521-4414 or outtid* U.S.A. {313} 994-4444 Using A Printer WithTiieTI-99/4A C. Regena These tips will give you a good start on nddiug a printer to the TI-99/4A. Here are the fundamentals from the RS- 232 Interface to PRINT # statements. Texas Instruments has a thermal printer which at- taches to the side of the TI. It is a small unit which uses a special thermal printer paper and can print a 30-column line. A number of other printers may also be used with yourTI. Prices range from about $500 on up. The cost depends on whether the printing is dot-matrix or letter quality, on various options available, and on how the printer is built. {For definitions of these terms, see other articles in this issue.) To connect your printer to your TI-99/4A, you will need the RS-232 Interface. You may use either the "old-style" individual RS-232 Interface peripheral or the RS-232 Interface Card which fits in the Tl Peripheral Expansion Box. You will also need a cable to go from the interface to the printer, and the cable should be sold with the printer. If you want to wire your own cable, the plug is a stan- dard DB-25, and the pin connections are given in the manual that comes with the RS-232 Interface. Configurations Manuals are important. The manual that comes with the RS-232 Interface describes how you list parameters for your "printer configuration" so you can give instructions to your computer to ac- cess the printer through the RS-232. The manual that comes with the printer should describe how to achieve various type styles (fonts) and how to set margins, line lengths, and the top of the form. Be prepared to spend some time experimenting with the different switches and features of your print- er. When you use the printer configuration in a command, it is set off in quotes. Parameters may be chosen for baud rate, stop bits, and number of nulls. Some examples are: "RS232.TW.BA = 110" (teletype) "RS232.BA = 600" (TI 825 or Tl 840 printer) "RS232.BA=9600.DA = 8" (Epson MX 80) One of the primary uses of a printer is to ob- tain a "hard copy" listing of a program. Using your own printer configuration in the quotes, the fol- lowing commands may be used: LIST "RS232.BA = 600" Lists whole program LIST "RS232.BA = 600": -250 Lists program lines up to line 250 LIST "RS232.BA = 600":300-330 Lists program lines 300 to 330 LIST "RS232.BA = 600":700- Lisfs program from line 700 to end Another valuable use for a printer is to print a report from your program. Before you print, an OPEN statement is necessary. The OPEN state- ment designates a device number and your printer configuration. You may have several devices, and you may number your devices in any order. An example statement is: 120 OPEN #1:"RS232.BA = 600" After the OPEN statement, you may print to the printer by a statement such as: 130 PRINT #1:"MY NAME IS REGENA." When you've finished printing or you're at the end of the program, you should close all devices. This can be done with the following statement: 550 CLOSE #1 Here is a short sample program that illustrates printing to a printer: 100 OPEN #1:"RS232.BA = 600" Opens device #1 for printer. 110 OPEN #2:"SPEECH",OUTPUT Opens device #2 for speech (Terminal Emulator II required) 120 PRINT "HERE IS A SAMPLE. " Prints message on screen. 130 PRINT #1:"TEST REPORT ' Prints on printer. June 1983 COMPUTE! 61 140 PRINT #2:"HELLO" Spuiiks the word using synthcsi/er. 150 CLOSE #1 Closes device # I . 160 CLOSE #2 Closes device #2. 170 END The print list following the colon in a PRINT # statement follows the same rules as regular printing to the screen. Since the length of lines may be longer on the printer (the screen has 28 columns in a print line), you may use the TAB function to arrange your printing: 100 OPEN #lr"RS232.BA = 600" 110 PRINT #l:TAB(25):"MONTHLY PAYMENTS" You may use a variable in the TAB function: 200 PRINT #1;TAB(T + A);MONTH$;X You may also use colons to print blank lines: 220 PRINT #1::: If you have adjusted your printer properly for vertical tabs, you may go to the top of the next page by using: 300 PRINT #1:CHRS(12) COMMODORE USERS Join the largest, active Commodore users group. Benefit from: — Access to hundreds of public domain programs on tape and disk for your Commodore 64, VIC 20 and PET/CBM. — Informative monthly club magazine THE TORPET. Send $1 .00 for Program & Information Catalogue. (Free with membefship). Membership Fees for 12 Months Canada — $20 Can. U.S.A. — $20 U.S. Overseas — $30 U.S. Toronto Pet Users Group Department "S" 1912A Avenue Road, Suite 1 Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5M 4A1 • LET us KNOW WHICH MACHINE YOU USE THE CDI 4C/8C VIDEC CAKTKIDGES Quantum Data, Inc. produces tuuo 40/80 Video Cartridges for the Commodore VIC-20 computer. The Video Cartridge uuhich does not contain memory, and the Video Combo Cartridge uuhich contains 16K RAM composed of eight 6116 CMOS memory chips. The 40/80 Video Cartridge or the 40/80 Video Combo Cartridge is the means to upgrade the VIC-20 computer to a 40 >< 24 or on 80 x 24 charocter display. This provides o uuealth of neuu uses for the VIC-20 and ULiith the appropriate softuuare you can nouu accomplish quality uuord processing and various business functions that previously mere difficult to achieve UJith only the VIC's standard 22 character video display. Soth Cartridges feature screen printing routine and a terminal emulator routine uuhich ore luritten in BflSIC so that you can add these capabilities to your programs. Cither Cartridges con be pluged into the memory expansion port of the VIC-20 or an expansion chassis. The 40 character mode may be eosily vieiued on most standard TV. sets but a monitor is required for the 80 column mode to provide the necessary additional resolution. VID€0 CflRTRIDG€ $1 59.95 VIDCO COMBO CAATRIDG€ $259.95 Coll (714) 553-1945 to ploce ^our order tocla^! F\sk for other VIC-20 hordujore end softujore peripherols! QUANTUM DATA, INC. 14252 Culver Drive, Suite A, Box 285, Irvine, CA 92714 62 COMPUTE! Items In stocU reodv for Immcdlotc delivery. VIsQ or A/iosCsrcQrd occapted. Rbov® prices retoil in US dollars. Shipping and hondling not included, ViC-20 IS Q trodemork of Commodore Business Mochines June 1983 Commodore To ASCII For Printers Thomos Henry hlcrc's n iitiliti/ pw^miii flmt ti>i!l coinvrt certain types of print programs to standard ASCII code format. It will loorkon all Commodore computers. The program is 109 bytes long. And even if you don't need this utility for your printer, you may want to examine the program anyway. It provides some insight into how a BASIC program is stored and how it iiujy be clm)iged by a machine language routine. On the other luvid, yon don't need to understand machine language to make use of it. Before describing the program, I should point out what sort of print progranis it may be used for. A good example is instruction printouts. For in- stance, not long ago 1 joined the Toronto PET Users Group, and thus was able to draw on their program library. One of the disks 1 got had "Micro- nion" and "Basic Aid" programs on it, along with some programs to print out instructions for both of these. When 1 sent the instructit)ns to the screen, everything was fine. However, sending the output to the printer resulted in a mess. Lowercase be- came uppercase, and uppercase became Epson graphic symbols. 1 really wanted a hard copy. That need provided the inspiration to write this program. Automatic Rewrite This utility will automatically rewrite programs filled with PRINT statements {such as the ones mentioned above), so that anything between quotes will print out in standard ASCII. The total conversion time for a large program is less than one blink of the cursor. Note that this is not really a general-purpose program, but instead works only on programs of the sort just described. How- ever, between this program and those in Brian Niessen's "PETASCII to ASCII Conversion" article (COMPUTE!, April 1982, pp. 126, 128), just about every type of program is covered. Let's examine the program. Only two machine dependent locations are used, BASIC and POINTR. BASIC is the zero page pointer to the start of a BASIC program. This is at $28 for all PETs and CBMs and generally points to $0401. For the VlC-20 and Commodore 64, the proper location is $2B. Where it points to depends on the amount of extra memory added. The location called POINTR is the "start of variables" pointer, or, considered another way, it points to the end of a BASIC program. POINTR is used throughout the program, but will be restored to its initial value eventually, thus preserving the BASIC operating environment. POINTR is location $2 A for PETs and CBMs, and location $2D for the VIC and 64. At the entry of the program, POINTR is loaded with the start of BASIC. For a PET or CBM it points to S0401 . Next the accumulator is loaded with the first byte past the link addresses and line numbers. Indexing POINTR by Y, when Y equals $04, will accomplish this. If a zero is found, then we must be at the end of a line. If the accumulator contains $22, we have found a first quote and know that the conversion must start on the next character. To convert the string inside the quotes, we branch down to the label STRING. Refer to that subroutine now. First we check if the end of a line has been found yet. If it hasn't, we check for an endquote. If that isn't found either, the character is ready to be converted. This conversion routine is very "hard-core" in the sense that it covers all 256 possible characters. This may be a bit more powerful than is actually needed here, but it's nice to be safe. If the accumulator contains anything less than $20, it is replaced with a $01 which is a null character on my printer. It would be nice to use a $00 as a null, but this upsets the program in general by confusing the BASIC operating system into thinking it has found an end of the line. Use any number you want, as long as your printer ignores it. If the accumulator is less than $41, the char- acter must be punctuation or a numeral and can be printed as is. Next, if it lies between $41 and $5B, then $20 must be added. This will change the lowercase from the PET to true ASCII lowercase. If the character is less than or equal to $61, June 1983 COMPUTCt 63 it's safe to print again. However, if it's less than $81 but greater than $61, it's an "artificial" punctuation, and hex $40 must be subtracted to compensate. The next test gets rid of all characters between $81 and $A0 by replacing them with a null symbol. Most of the characters in this range are cursor control symbols or system control symbols (like RUN and REVERSE OFF). We definitely don't want these going to the printer. Next, graphic characters are replaced by blanks (as opposed to nulls), and finally capital letters are converted to true ASCII capitals by subtracting $80. This is a pretty hefty "compare and convert" routine, but it is foolproof in that your printer will never get a weird code and become confused. You may have to review the routine several times to really understand how it works, but it might help to keep in mind that some characters need no conversion, some (such as cursor control sym- bols) should be replaced by null symbols, and graphic characters should be replaced by blanks. Finally, upper- and lowercase letters must be ac- counted for. To confirm that the routine covers all cases, you can get a chart of true ASCII and com- pare it with a chart of PETASCII. I've mentioned that at various times some numbers must be added or subtracted to perform the necessary conversion. Actually, since the num- bers fall within a certain range, it is simpler and more efficient to use AND instead of subtraction, and OR instead of addition. The results are the same, and a few bytes may be saved. A Popular Shortcut If you look at locations 705A through 7069 in Program 3, you will see a trick commonly em- ployed by 6502 software designers. The various conversion subroutines, such as BADl, BAD2 and so on, are all separated by a $2C. This is the BIT instruction which will have no effect on the operation of the program. Thus one master sub- routine can have several entry points, all leading up to a common ending. For example, suppose the routine is entered at GOODl at address $7060. The accumulator will be ORed with $20. Next a BIT test is executed, but this has no effect other than setting some flags in the status register. Then another BIT is performed, and finally the routine concludes by storing the accumulator back in memory. You may have to sit and stare at this a while to see why this works and why it saves some mem- ory. Nevertheless, this technique of creating harm- less op codes allows multiple entry points. Resuming the analysis of the assembler list- ing, the STRING routine keeps Ipoping around and around until every character has been con- 64 COMPtfTE! June 1983 verted. Either an endquote byte or a zero indicates that the string is done. If an endquote is found, then the next string is searched for. If, however, a zero is found, the end of a lino is indicated, and the program goes to ENDLIN. ENDLIN will direct POINTR to the start of the next line in memory by examining the forward link address of the pre- vious line. If the forward link points to a zero byte, then the end of the program has been found, otherwise control is directed back up to the label LINE, and the next line is converted. EXIT tidies things up before returning to BASIC. As you probably know, the end of a BASIC program is marked by three consecutive zeros. POINTR is left pointing at the second of these three zeros. Next, the number $02 is added to it, so that it points to the start of variables. It is then safe to return to BASIC. While back in BASIC, LIST the program and you will see a collection of nonsense between all the quote marks. It will look odd on the screen, but will turn out a perfectly printed hard copy on your ASCII printer. Depending on your needs, you may want to save the converted copy of your program, but in general this isn't necessary. How To Load And Use The Program For convenience, BASIC versions (Programs 1 and 2) will load the necessary machine language routine for you. Use Program 1 for all PET/CBM models. It locates the machine code at locations 28672 up. Use Program 2 for the VIC-20 and Com- modore 64. It loads the code at the top of memory, protects it from BASIC, and indicates the proper SYS address to initiate the conversion. Once you have run the BASIC loader, you may want to save the machine language routine directly to tape or disk. This will enable you to use it in the future without having to run the BASIC loader program again. To save the machine code from memory on the PET/CBM, invoke the monitor (SYS 4), then type S "CONVERT",01,7000,706d to save to tape, or S "CONVERT",08,7000,706d to save to disk. For the VIC or 64, you will need VICMON, Supermon, Micromon, or one of the other available machine language monitors. FoL low the directions for the PET/CBM, except that the beginning and ending addresses for the save will need to be adjusted depending on where in memory the routine is located. Here's how to use the program. First, load in the PETASCII to standard ASCII converter. Next type NEW. This will clear up some of the pointers in zero page. Now load in the program to be con- verted. At this point, type SYS 7*4096 (or whatever address the loader indicates). The program will mm*DflTflj SOFTWARE FORTHE COMMODORE 64^, PET; AND VIC 20 TAKE AN EXCITING TRIP DOWN AVENUES OF ADVENTURE WITH: • Pakacuda* • Escape* • Logger* • Ape Craze* • Centropods* • Supercuda* • Street Maze • Caves of Annod • Capture the Beast • Market THROUGH TRAILS OF CREATIVITY WITH: I • Sketch and Paint I • Music Mentor ■x-.S/f.ll'KT'f- ■p. I 12345 4 9>9=81 8 ARRANGE PASSAGE TODAY! ■ ALONG THE PATH TO KNOWLEDGE WITH: • Wordspot I • Math Tutor Series • Alphabet Tutor • Geography Smash • Gotcha Math i • English Invaders ; " [. • Math Invaders Series i ASK FOR COMM*DATA COMPUTER HOUSE SOFTWARE AT YOUR LOCAL DEALEF. Or Send for FREE Complete Catalog: COMM*DATA COMPUTER HOUSE 320 Summit Avenue Milford, Michigan 48042 (313)685-0113 > Dealer Inquiries Welcome. ■ Mafi«n„j9 Commodore 64, PET, and VIC 20 are Registered Trademarks of Commodore Business Machines, Inc. *Higli Res Full Machine Code Arcade Style Games. be "instantly" rewritten. LIST it. See how odd it looks? But now RUN the program, and direct all output to the printer. The result will be perfect hard copy. This isn't the sort of program you're likely to need on a daily basis. But, when you need it, you really need it. So type it in, save it, and play with it a little. Then, when you get some program documentation on disk, you can create a hard copy at a moment's notice. One final note: if you have some old programs written for the original model PET, you probably have noticed that upper- and lowercase are re- versed. You could go back and rewrite the pro- gram, but why not let the machine do it? Make a few alterations in the utility presented above, and you can have instant conversion of your old-style programs. Program 1: BASIC Loader For All PET/CBM Models 100 REM BASIC LOADER FOR PETASCII TO ASCII CONVERTER 110 REM PET/CBM VERSION 120 HERE=7*4096 130 FOR ADRS=HERE TO HERE+108 140 READ DTA:POKE ADRS , DTA:CK=CK+DTA: NEXT 150 IF CK012485 THEN PRINT"CHBCK FOR ERRO R IN DATA STATEMENTS": STOP 160 PRINT"TYPE ' SYS" ; HERE ;"{ LEFT) ' TO ACTI VATE." 170 END 200 DATA 165,40,166,41,133,42,134,43 210 DATA 160,4,177,42,240,7,201,34 220 DATA 240,31,200,208,245,160,0,177 230 DATA 42,170,200,177,42,240,6,134 240 DATA 42,133,43,208,227,24,165,42 250 DATA 105,2,133,42,144,2,230,43 260 DATA 96,200,177,42,240,223,201,34 270 DATA 240,216,201,32,144,31,201,65 280 DATA 144,38,201,91,144,26,201,97 290 DATA 144,30,201,129,144,21,201,160 300 DATA 144,11,201,193,144,4,201,219 310 DATA 144,12,169,32,44,169,1,44 320 DATA 9,32,44,41,63,44,41,127 330 DATA 145,42,24,144,196 Program 2: BASIC Loader For VIC-20 And Commodore 64 100 REM BASIC LOADER FOR PETASCII CONVERTER 110 REM VIC-20/C-64 VERSION 120 HERE=PEEK(56) -1:P0KE 56, HERE: ERE:HERE=HERE*256 130 FOE ADRS=HERE TO HERE+108 140 READ DTA:POKE ADRS,DTA:CK=CK+ 150 IF CK012533 THEN PRINT"CHECK R IN DATA STATEMENTS": STOP 160 PRINT"TYPE ' SYS" ; HERE; "{ LEFT} VATE . " 170 END 200 DATA 165,43,166,44,133,45,134 210 DATA 160,4,177,45,240,7,201,3 220 DATA 240,31,200,208,245,160,0 230 DATA 45,170,200,177,45,240,6, 240 DATA 45,133,46,208,227,24,165 250 DATA 105,2,133,45,144,2,230,4 260 DATA 96,200,177,45,240,223,20 270 DATA 240,216,201,32,144,31,20 280 DATA 144,38,201,91,144,26,201 290 DATA 144,30,201,129,144,21,20 300 DATA 144,11,201,193,144,4,201 310 DATA 144,12,169,32,44,169,1,4 320 DATA 9,32,44,44,63,44,44,127 330 DATA 145,45,24,144,196 TO ASCII POKE 52, H DTA:NEXT FOR ERRO ' TO ACTI ,46 4 ,177 134 ,45 6 1,34 1,65 ,97 1,160 ,219 4 Program 3: PETASCII To ASCII Converter For Print Programs 0000 BASIC = $28 0000 POINTR = $2A 0000 *=$7000 7000 A5 28 ENTRY LDA BASIC 7002 A6 29 LDX BASIC+1 7004 85 2A STA POINTR 7006 86 2B STX POINTR+1 7008 AO 04 LINE LDY #$04 700A Bl 2A CHECK LDA (POINTR) ,Y 700C FO 07 BEQ ENDLIN 700E C9 22 CMP #$22 7010 FO IF BEQ STRING 7012 C8 NEXT INY 7013 DO F5 BNE CHECK ; START OF BASIC rSTART OF VARIABLES ; INITIALIZE POINTR TO ; COINCIDE WITH THE START ;0F BASIC. ;G0 PAST LINK & LINE#. ;GET A PROGRAM CHARACTER. ;ZERO MEANS END OF LINE. ;LOOK FOR FIRST QUOTE. •GO CONVERT THE STRING. ;N0 STRING POUND YET. ; BRANCH ALWAYS. 66 COMPUTE! JuneW83 ^cc^^o^€ilen€JUcommuKicati04U "V*!' ooC^' oo \3> s^^ ^^'^ ffi .^ov-\^ it*c>f RTC 10610 BAYVIEW (Bayview Plaza) RICHMOND HILL, ONTARIO, CANADA L4C 3N8 (41 6} 884-41 65 C64-LINK The Smart 64 M Bo foi avi ?S^ 50 RTC Call or write f^ payments by VISA, MASTERCARD or BANK TRANSFER. Mailorders also by certified check, etc. M any more 64s ^« I ^^ 1 I I 1 1 I L I ! I TTTTTT'; YVi'iV'''''' ^m ^ Spooling to Printer Cartridge Expansion Siot Switch Serial Audio I/O RF Video Port C64-LINK VL16 CP/M POWER And PAL® Other Cartridges IEEE Disks (2031) (4040) (8050) (8250) (9090) IEEE Printers (4022) (8023) (8300) etc. 1541 Drive And 1525 Printer or 1515 Printer (future) lEEEtoParallel IEEE to Serial or VL4 Cable Cartridge Interface Interface to Standard Mother Board Parallel Devices True Serial Devices Modem or VL3 Cable to Parallel Printer Give These Expanded ^M^ Capabilities To Your 64 ^^ ■k The ability to transfer data from any type of device to another (IEEE, Serial, Parallel) ■*■ BASIC 4.0 which allows you to run more PET BASIC programs and gives you extended disk and I/O commands. ■^ The ability to have several 64s on line together - sharing common IEEE devices such as disks or printers with Spooling Capability. if Built-in machine language monitor it A bullt-ln terminal or modem program which allows the system to communi- cate through a modem to many bulletin board systems and other computer mainframes. • Compatibility with CPIM. Contact your local Gonunodore Dealer or RTC. Copyrights and Trademarks C64 is a copyright of Commodore Business Machines, Inc. C64-LINK is a copyright ol Richvale Teie- communications. CP/M is a registered trademark of Digital Research. POWER is a trademark of Pro- fessionaJ Software. PAL is a copyright of Brad Templeton. 7015 AO 00 ENDLIN LDY #$00 7017 Bl 2A LDA (POINTR) ,Y 7019 AA TAX 701A C8 INY 701B Bl 2A LDA (POINTR) ,y 701D FO 06 BEQ EXIT 701F 86 2A STX PO INTR 7021 85 2B STA POINTR+1 7023 DO E3 BNE LINE 7025 18 EXIT CLC 7026 A5 2A LDA POINTR 7028 69 02 ADC #$02 7 02A 85 2A STA POINTR 7 02C 90 02 BCC RETURN 702E E6 2B INC POINTR+1 7030 60 RETURN RTS 7031 ; USING THE FORWARD ;LINK ADDRESS, DIRECT ; POINTR TO NEXT LINE ;IN BASIC PROGRAM. ;ZERO MEANS END OF PROGRAM. ;OTHERWISE, UPDATE POINTR. ; BRANCH ALWAYS TO NEXT LINE, ; ADJUST POINTR BACK ;T0 WHERE BASIC WOULD ;LIKE IT, I.E., ;START OF VARIABLES. ,-RETURN TO BASIC. ROUTINE TO CONVERT A SINGLE CHARACTER: 7031 ; ENTER THE ] ROUTINE WI 7031 ; CONTAINING A PET-ASC 7031 ; WITH IT REPLACED BY 7031 C8 STRING INY 7032 Bl 2A LDA (POINTER) ,Y 7034 FO DF BEQ ENDLIN 7036 C9 22 CMP #$22 7038 FO DB BEQ NEXT 703A C9 20 CMP #?20 703C 90 IF BCC BAD 2 703E C9 41 CMP #$41 7040 90 26 BCC G00D4 7042 C9 5B CMP #?5B 7044 90 lA BCC GOODl 7046 C9 61 CMP #$61 7048 90 IE BCC G00D4 704A C9 81 CMP #$81 704C 90 15 BCC G00D2 704E C9 AO CMP #$A0 7050 90 OB BCC BAD 2 7052 C9 CI CMP #$C1 7054 90 04 BCC BADl 7056 C9 DB CMP #$DB 7058 90 OC BCC G00D3 705A A9 20 BADl LDA #$20 705C 2C .BYTE $2C 705D A9 01 BAD 2 LDA #501 "'DSF 2C .BYTE $2C 7060 09 20 GOODl ORA #S2G '062 2C .BYTE S2C 7063 29 3F G00D2 AND #$3F •'065 ?-C ,3YTE $2C 706(5 29 1T7 GOOD 3 AND #S7F ■^:)6« 9^ 2A G00D4 STA , POINTR) ,Y 706A .18 CLC 706B 90 C4 BCC STRING 7 06D .END GET NEXT CHARACTER. ZERO MEANS END OF LINE. CHECK FOR SECOND QUOTE. NON-PRINTABLE CHARACTER? YES, REPLACE WITH NULL. IS IT PUNCTUATION OR NUMERALS? YES, KEEP INTACT. LOWER CASE LETTER? YES, GO ADD $20. BRACKETS, SLASHES, ETC.? YES, KEEP INTACT. MORE PUNCTUATION? YES, GO SUBTRACT $40 NON- PRINTABLE CHARACTER? YES, REPLACE WITH A NULL. GRAPHIC CHARACTER? YES, REPLACE WITH A SPACE. IS IT A CAPITAL LETTER? YES, GO SUBTRACT $80. REPLACE WITH SPACE. ; REPLACE WITH NULL CHARACTER. ; 'ADD' $20. - 'SUBTRACT' $40. •'SUBTRACT' $80 „ ; BRANCH ALWAYS. © 68 COMPUTE! June 1983 Doift letprice get in the way Adding a printer to your computer makes sense. But deciding which printer to add can be tricky. Do you settle for a printer with limited functions and an inexpensive price tag or buy a more versatile printer that costs more than your computer? Neither choice makes sense. Here's a refreshing option— the new, compact STX-80 printer from Star Wlicronics. It's the under $200 printer that's whisper-quiet, prints 60 cps and is ready to run with most popular personal computers. j The STX-80 has deluxe features you would ^ atx-BO TTHiniiiTimrgi expect in higher priced models. It prints a full 80 columns of crisp, attractive characters with true descenders, foreign language characters and special symbols. It offers both finely detailed dot- addressable graphics and block graphics. And, of course, the STX-SO comes with Star Micronics' 180 day warranty (90 days on the print element). -^^ The ST)(-80 thermal printer from Star ^^ Micronics. It combines high performance with k a very low price. So now, there is nothing in the way of owning a quality printer, i MM: ■Manutaclurors suggeslcd retail pf ice. 'i}:mm m. micronics'inc THE POWER BEHIND THE PRINTED WORD. Computer Peripherals Division, 1120 Empire Central Place. Suite 216, Dallas. TX 75Z47 (2t4) 631-6560 m Vis»i^, ThenewSTX-80 printer Connecting A Printer ToTheTRS-80 Color Computer Ottis Cowper, Technical Editor One of the spwcial features of the TRS-80 Color Computer is the built-in RS-232 serial port interface. This makes connecting a printer pretty straightforward. The four-pin RS-232 port on the Color Computer has only the so-called "minimum configuration" RS-232 signals (see Figure 1), but this is still more than most other computer manufacturers provide. You can therefore avoid many of the usual diffi- culties when interfacing a printer. Figure 1: standard Designations For Serial Port Pins Transmit Data Ground Status input Receive Data When you want to connect a printer to your TRS-80, the path of least resistance is to use one of the three Radio Shack printers which are directly compatible with the Color Computer. The DMP- 100, DMP-200, and DMP-40fl are dot-matrix print- ers which include a switch-selectable, four-pin serial interface in addition to the usual parallel interface. So, adding one of these models is as easy as connecting a four-pin (DIN) to four-pin cable between the printer and the Color Computer serial port. These cables are available at Radio Shack or, if you're a hardware hacker, you could pick up the parts at a local electronics supply store and easily construct your own. 70 COMPUTE! JuneW83 One Bit At A Time If you wish to attach another brand of printer, keep in mind that the Color Computer has only a serial (one bit at a time) interface. Many printers come equipped with parallel (eight bits at a time) interfaces. Before you spend several hundred dollars make sure that the printer you are buying has an RS-232 serial interface or that one is readily available for your particular model. Another thing to keep in mind when interfacing to other printers is that, for some reason, the Color Computer ROM printer output routines assign uses to the pins of the serial port that do not match their own stated standard designations (see Figure 2). Figure 2: Pin Designations For Use With ROM Output Routines Data out (to printer) Ground Ready in (from printer) The printer's serial interface will most likely have the standard DB25 plug. This is the connector most commonly used in RS-232 communications, and a particular RS-232 signal is assigned to each of the pins on the plug. As an example. Figure 3 shows the connections necessary to connect an Epson MX-80 or MX-lOO (with RS-232 serial inter- face) to the Color Computer. These same connec- tions should work for other printers, but you should check the pin designations in the manual for your particular printer to be sure. Figure 3: DB25 Connector On Printer RS-232 Interface Signal Ground, Received Data (to Serial Port pin 3) O O O O O O 7 • (to Serial Port pin 4) O O o .Data Terminal Ready (to Serial Port pin 2) How To Activate Your Printer Now you have a printer attached to your com- puter. What do you do with it? The most obvious use is to make "hard copy" listings of your pro- grams. This is simple; just type LLIST instead of LIST and the output will be routed to the printer. To send any other program output to the printer, just replace the PRINT statements with PRINT #-2. (On the Color Computer, the printer is de- signated as device -2.) For example, the following line will output a message to the printer: 10 PRINT #-2 "SEND THIS TO THE PRINTER PRONTO!" If you have Extended BASIC on your Color Com- puter, you can format your output with the PRINT USING statement. For example, this line: 20 PRINT #-2, USING "$$###.##"; 293.687 should cause the printer to print $293.69 Another Extended BASIC function you can use with your printer is POS. This returns the current print position. For example, PRINT POS(-2) will tell you the column in which the next character will be printed. A number of the Radio Shack software pack- ages support printer output. Naturally, the Color SCRIPSIT word processing program includes the capability to print out text. The Speculator elec- tronic spreadsheet program enables you to print out your worksheets. Other programs which sup- port printout include the Personal Finance and Ediiort Assembler programs. The Graphics Pack pro- gram supports printout to the Radio Shack CGP- 115 color graphics printer. This printer is good for multicolor graphics appUcations, but only margi- nally useful for printing text. IMafching Specifications The routines in the ROMs which support output to the printer make certain assumptions about the printer hardware. In particular, the routines ex- pect the data format to be one start bit (logic zero), seven (for Revision 1.0 ROMs) or eight (for Revi- sion 1.1 ROMs) data bits beginning with the least significant bit (LSB), two stop bits (logic ones). and no parity. The assumed transfer rate is 600 baud. The routines also assume that the printer will automatically pro- vide a carriage return when it encounters a line feed, and that it will provide a busy signal to the computer if it is not ready to accept input. The expected print width is 132 columns. You should consult the manual for your printer and set the appropriate DIP switches (or whatever) to configure the printer to match these specifications. If your printer can't meet all the above conditions, several can be changed with POKEs to Color Computer memory locations. For example, the value in location 155 controls the print width. If you're using an 80 column printer, you'll want to include the following statement before using the printer: 10 POKE 155,80 The comma field width (location 153) controls the amount of space left between variables separated by commas in PRINT #-2 statements. The default value for this location is 16. Thus, the line: 40 PRINT #-2 "FIRST", "SECOND" will cause the word "FIRST" to be printed begin- ning at the left margin, and the word "SECOND" to be printed beginning in column 16. You can adjust the value in location 153 to change the for- mat of your printed output. If you change the print width or comma field width (locations 155 or 153), you should also change the last comma field (location 154). This location should contain the value of the print width, minus the comma field width. You can achieve this with: 15 POKE 154, PEEK(155) - PEEK(153) Adjusting the rate of data transfer from the default value of 600 baud requires changes to the data in locations 149 and 150. The table below provides the necessary POKEs to location 150 for the given baud rates. (For all rates in the table, POKE 149,0.) This information comes from the TRS-80 Color Computer Technical Reference Manual (pages 38 and 39), which provides further details on interfacing printers to the Serial Port. Adjusting The Rate Of Data Transfer Desired baud rate Value to POKE into location 150 300 600 1200 2400 180 87 41 18 June 1983 COMPUTCl 71 Astrostorm Peter Leor Try to guide your spaceship, carrying euwrgoici/ medi- cal supplies, through a dangerous asteroid stonti. A great deal depends on your skills as a navigator. Many times the success or failure of your mission ivill depend 0)1 your ability to make split-secorui decisio)is under pressure. Versions for the VIC, Atari, T1-99/4A, and Apple. The mission: you are Captain Bosdiger of the in- terstellar tug The Viccard. While orbiting the fifth planet in the Benard system, you receive a distress call. The call comes from the Solarian system, in need of vital medical supplies. You are to pick them up from the sixth planet in the Benard system and then take them to the third planet in the Sola- rian system. There is a time factor. The drugs have a short life. Your calculations indicate that it will be nec- essary to drop out of hyperspace between the fourth and fifth planets' orbits. There you will be in an asteroid field. You must cross this field in less than two minutes. Looking At Astrostorm How does the VIC version work? Let's take a look. In lines 5-230 the screen border is chosen and several variables for the joystick are defined. The player is given the choice of using a jovstick or the keyboard. If you choose to use the keyboard, control the movement of the ship with the "Z" (left) or "C" (right) keys. The VIC Programmers' Reference Guide helped provide the jovstick infor- mation necessary to use the first data statement. Then we are sent zooming up to line 5000 to make a bit of noise. Some more data is used here. Now we are off to line 910 to ask for the "asteroid depth" that is required. This simpiv determines where the ship is to be located on the screen. It can be placed between the fifth and eighteenth rows (always starting on the left side). Line 1030 makes the program versatile enough to use with anv VIC-20. For example, initially the VIC starts its screen memory at loca- tion 7680. When an extra 8K or more is added, the start of screen memory changes to location 4096. Since 3K cartridges do not change this loca- tion, any cartridges can remain inserted. The game's main playing loop is in lines 2000- 2240. It is enclosed in a FOR-'NEXT loop and timed for two minutes. All it does is decide on a random color and column for the asteroid. The galacHc or solarian credits are based on the position and Tlie player's spaceship (upper right) successfully iiegotiata the moving asteroids in "Astrostorm," VlC-20 version. (Apple and TI versions similar.) 72 COMPUTE! June 1983 A player's spaceship dodges of "Astrostorm." ipace debris in the Atari version FROM: TO: RE: CREATIVE SOF1YBVRE VIC-20 OWNERS NEW TITLES- march 1, 1983 HOW CAN YOU BE CREATIVE IF YOUR SOFTWARE ISN'T? I CREATIVE I SOFTWARE Copyright 1983 by Creative Software "VIC-20" and "COMMODORE" are trademarks of COMMODORE ELECTRONICS, LTD. WESTKXOURG THESUND <-^:' m RAPMCSWICRE w TSHMEI You'U never see Iiifocoms gi"apliics on any computer screen. Because there's never been a computer built by man that could handle the images we pro- duce. And, there never will be. We draw our gi*aphics from the limit- less imagery of your imagination— a technology so powerful, it maizes any picture that's ever come out of a screen look like graffiti by comparison. And nobody knows how ,^ to ujileash your imag- \t 1^ ination like Infocom. Th]-ough our prose, your imagination '.. makes you part of "■^. our stories, in con- trol of what you do and where you go— .„;. yet unable to pre- dict or control the course of events. You're confronted with situations and logical pu2zles the lilce of which you won't find elsewhere. And you're im- mersed in rich enviromnents alt\'e with personalities as real as any you'll meet in the flesh— yet all the more vivid because they're perceived directly by youi" mind's eye, not through yom- external senses. The method to tliis magic? We've found the way to plug our prose right into youi" psyche, and catapult you into a whole new dimension. Talffi some tough critics' words about OLU" words. SOFTALK, for example, called ZORK® Ill's prose far more graphic than any depiction ■et achieved by an adventure with graphics." And the NEW YORK TIMES saw fit to print that our DEADLINE"' is "an aniazing feat of programming." Even a journal as video-oriented as ELEC- TRONIC GAMES found Infocom prose to be such an eye-opener they named one of oui' games theii' Best Adventiu-e of 1983. Better still, bring an Infocom game home with you. Discover firsthand why diousands upon thousands of discriminating game players keep turning evei7thing we wiite into instantaneous bestsellers. Step up to Infocom. AH words. No graffiti. The secret reaches of your mind are beckoning. A whole new dimension is in there waiting for you. ALOCKEDDOaiArEADMAN And 12 H:ui3 SI £jw dv nuRJs \Si^iS!^S^ _)LIME inFoconx The next dimension. Infocom, Inc., 55 \\'heeler St., Cambridge. ^4A 02138 For yciur: Appk- II. Atari, QjmmtjdcMT fi4. CP/.M 8; DEC Raint>nw. DEC RT-11. laVI. .VEC \\K. ,VEC I>C SOW, Oshomf 1, Tl Professional. TRSeO .Model I, TRS-811 Model 1!1. color of the asteroid. The alarm sound is created by turning voice 36875 on and off with the variable CK. The first two IFs in the game loop check to see if the screen has been crossed. When the ship is moving forward, you gain points; going back- ward (left), you lose pciinls. And if there is no movement, there is no loss or gain. The movement of the asteroids is created by scrolling them off the screen. The ship is POKEd on the screen. To prevent the ship from scrolling off every move, the program jumps to line 520. Here, with the variable OP (for old position), the would-be scrolled ships are erased. A check is made for every move to see if the ship has been hit. When this occurs, the program goes to 8170 to explode the ship. This is where the rest of the data is utilized. It then returns and offers a change in asteroid depth (this option is available for only seven seconds). Then an asteroid field is displayed in motion until either the fire button on the it>ystick or the keyboard's "H" key is pressed. To add to the excitement, you can think of this as dropping out of hyperspace. Atari, TI-99/4A, And Apple Version Notes Patrick Parrish, Programming Assistant Atari Notes The object of the Atari version of Astrostorm is to move your spaceship to the right across the asteroid field six times. The game is played with the keyboard or the joystick (in controller jack #1). In either case, movement of the spaceship is strictly horizontal. Once you start the spaceship moving left or right on the screen, it will continue until you cause a direction change. With the joystick, left and right move- ment of the stick causes the spaceship to fly across the screen in the corresponding direc- tion. Shifting the joystick position up or down will halt the spaceship. Under keyboard con- trol, the "< " and ">" keys are used for left and right movement, and again, movement is continuous. If you choose the keyboard option, the spaceship's flight can be halted by pressing any key other than the "<" or ">" keys. To achieve a high score on Astrostorm, avoid moving the spaceship to the left whenever possible, since penalty points are then deducted from your total. But bonus points are given for spaceship movement to the right. As an added incentive, you are awarded a thousand points each time you successfully maneuver the spaceship across the asteroid field. TI-99/4A Notes The object of Astrostorm on the TI-99/4A is to advance your spaceship across the asteroid field twelve times. Asteroids scroll from the bottom of the screen. Spaceship movement is horizontal. Control the movement of the ship by pressing the "<" and ">" keys. This version of the game can be quite challenging since there are several skill levels. As the game begins, the vertical position of the spaceship can be set nearer the bottom of the screen by specifying a greater "asteroid depth." A greater asteroid depth, of course, requires a faster reaction time. The difficulty of the game can be further increased by re- questing a higher asteroid density (difficulty level). The game loop (lines 500-830) is set to execute 1000 times. This means that you must finish your journey across the asteroid field before this loop is completed. You may find that this time limit is either too easy or too difficult, depending on the skill levels you choose. If so, vary the limit in line 500 as you see fit. To achieve a high score on Astrostorm, avoid moving your spaceship backwards since points are deducted from your total. Apple Notes With the Apple version of Astrostorm, you must move the spaceship across the astrofield six times to win. There is no time limit, and the game loop (lines 120-250) will execute until a crash is detected (line 230). Asteroids scroll from the bottom of the screen. Only horizontal movement of the spaceship is allowed by the program. Move- ment, which is continuous, is accomplished with the SPACE bar while direction is con- trolled with the left and right arrow keys. There are several skill levels. You can make the game more difficult by specifying a higher asteroid depth. This will place the spaceship closer to the bottom of the screen, and consequently, require a quicker reaction on your part to avoid a collision. Scoring is based on the direction of spaceship movement and difficulty level. Of course, more points are given at greater asteroid depths. Points are awarded for movement of the spaceship to the right and deducted for movement to the left. 76 COMPUTI! June 1983 ■a i W Si TSS^ B^- -a Ci- ■f IrB*- ..<ica> ^JiiJJD- ■«» sa^a ir-fi 6-§ IH- . J i i 1 > HI j^B I RI^H 1 s^ ©HI &-« «;]£ ?r^-... ,..*««* -8 '_-a '"1 M PM C^ fe -jKzm Good Gollyl What A GAME! The original arcade game PREPPIE! will give you hours of toe-tickling fun. You take the controls, moving your young prepster about on the golf course. And what a golf course! It's unlike any you have ever played on before. There are dangers everywhere, and only you can keep the little Ivy Leaguer from a fate worse then Penn State! PREPPIE! is written m state-of-the-art machine language, is joystick compatible and fully utilizes the Atari's sound and graphics capabilities. Quite frankly, it will give you the most fun you can have on an Atari microcomputer.^ PREPPIE! is available at fine computer, book, and hobby stores everywhere |ftTARI 16KTAPE-S29.95| An exclusive game from ATARI 32K DISK - $29.95 K^dventute \^^^ INTERNATIONAL To order, see your local dealer. If he does not have the program you want, then call 1-800.327-7172 (orders only) or write for our free catalog. Published by ADVENTURE INTERNATIONAL a division of Scott Adams, Inc. BOX 3435 • LONGWOOD, FL 32750 • (305) 862-6917 "My Atari never did things like this before!" — Holister Townsend Wolfe "i tiad so mucti fun I almost blew my doughnuts. " — Theodore Boston lit "I haven't had this much fun since Buffy and I went to Princeton for the weekend." — Martha Vineyard Program 1: vie version 5 POKE36879,8 10 PRINT" tCLEAR} f PUR} " :POKE37139, :DD=371 54:PA=3 7137:PB=37152 45 IFLF=1THEN1000 47 PRINT" {05 right) {04 DOWNIaSTROSTORM" 50 PRINT" {down} [05 RIGHT)J0YSTICK(1)":PRI NT" {05 RIGHTJKEYB0ARD(2) " 55 GETR$ 60 IFRS="1"THENR=1:GOTO70 65 IFR$="2"THENR=2:GOTO70 68 GOT055 70 FORJ=0TO2:READJS(J) :NEXTJ :GOSUB5000 80 GOTO900 100 POKEDD, 127:S3W=-C (PEEK(PB) AND128 }=0) :P OKEDD,255 110 P=PEEKCPA) :S2=C (PAND16)=0) 120 FR=-( (PAND32)=0) :X=S2W+S3W 130 DN=JSCX+1) : RETURN 200 I FPEEK (197) =3 3THENDN=-1 : RETURN 210 IFPEEK( 197 )=34THENDN=1 : RETURN 220 IFPEEK(197)=64THENDN=0: RETURN 2 30 RETURN 500 IFDN<>0ANDPEEK(S-DN)<>42THENPOKES-DN,32 505 F0RII=1T02 510 POKEOP,32:POKEOP-DN,3 2 520 OP=OP-22 530 NEXTI I: RETURN 900 IFLF=1THEN1000 910 PRINT"THE A . D . [ASTEROID DEPTH] DES IRED (5-18) " :INPUTL 920 IFL<5THENPR1NT"T00 EASY" :GOTO900 930 IFL>18THENPRINT"TOO RISKY" :G0T09 10 940 LF=1 iPRINT" [CLEAR) " :GOSUB2200 1000 PRINT" {clear} f 18 down}" 1020 POKE36878,15 1030 S=4* ( PEEK ( 36866 )AND1 28) +64* (PEEK (36869 )AND120) :C=37888+4*( PEEK ( 36866 )AND1 28) 1040 CK=1 :S=S+22*{L+1) :0P=S:SB=S-1 :SE=S+23 2000 F0RG=1T0418 2010 NA=INT(RND(TI)*22) : CC=INT ( RND(TI ) *7 )+l 2040 POKE646,CC:PRINTTAB(NA) "*" ; 2055 PT=PT+DN*(NA*CC*INT{ (l'.5)+.5) ) 2060 IFS=SBTHENPOKES ,32: S=S+2 2 : W=W- 1 2065 IFS=SETHENPOKES,32:S=S-22:W=W+l 2070 IFPEEK(S)=420RPEEK(S+22)=42THENPOKE646 , 1 : GOSUB8000 : GOSUB7000 : G0T02 200 2085 ONRGOSUB100, 200 : OP=S-22 : S=S+DN 2090 CK=CK*-1:POKE36875,127+CK:GOSUB500:POK ES,61+DN:P0KES+C, 1:PRINT 2100 NEXTG 2110 PRINT"IyEL} ":POKE36875,0:GOSUB6000 2200 PT=0:IFPEEK(197)=43THENRESTORE:LF=1 :G0 TO70 2210 P0KE3 7 1 3 9 , : IF ( PEEK ( PA ) AND32 ) =0THENRES T0RE:LF=1 : POKE37139 , 128 : GOTO70 2215 NA=INT(RND{TI)*22) : CC=INT( RND(TI ) *7 )+l 2220 POKE646,CC:PRINTTAB{NA) "*" 2240 POKE37139,128:GOTO2200 5000 A=20:POKE36878,15 5010 READC,T,Z:T=T*A:Z=Z*A 5030 POKE3687 5 , C : F0RI=1T0Z :NEXTI : POKE36875 , : F0RI=1T0Z : NEXTI 5050 IF2>0THEN5010 5100 RETURN 6000 POKE36a75,0 6005 IFW<6THENPRINT"Y0U DID NOT COMPLETE Y OUR MISSION. ":GOTQ6200 6010 PRINT :PRINT"YOU COMPLETED YOUR MISS ION."; 6020 PRINT"THE SOLARIAN SYSTEM MINISTER HAS AWARDED YOU";PT 6030 PRINT"S0LAR1AN CREDITS FOR YOUR SERVl CES . " ; 6040 PRINT "DO YOU WISH TO MAKE ANOTHER DE LIVERY? " 6060 GETR? : IFR$="Y"ORR$="N"THEN6070 6065 GOTO6060 6070 IFR?="N"THENCLR:END 6080 PRINT "SAME ASTEROID DEPTH?" 6100 GETR$ : IFR$="Y"ORR?="N"THEN6110 6105 GOTO6100 6110 IFR$="N"THENRUN 6120 RETURN 6200 PRINT"THE SOLARIAN GOVERN- MENT HAS F INED YOU";PT;" GALACTIC CREDITS" 6210 PR1NT"THEY ARE ALSO HAVE ANOTHER MI SSION FOR YOUr':FORI = lTO7000:NE XT : RETURN 7000 POKE36875,0:PRINT"{CLEAR}yOU DIDN'T MA KE IT.THESOLARIAK GOVERNMENT HA S SENT"? 7020 PRINT" YOUR FAMILY" :PRINTPT; "GALACTIC ~ CREDITS" 7025 PRINT"HIT 'C TO CHANGE A.D." 7030 FORI=ITO700 : I FPEEK (197) =34THENFORJ=l TO 1 : GETR? : NEXT J : RUN 7040 NEXTI: RETURN 8000 PRINT" [YEL)":POKE36875,0 8060 E(1)=S-23!E(2)=S-22:E(3)=S-1:E(4)=S:E{ 5)=S+23:E(6)=S+22:E(7)=S+1:E(8)=S 8090 F0RI=1T08:READA(I) : POKEE ( I ) , A(l ) : POKEE (I)+C,2:NEXTI 8110 A(4)=A(1) :A(8)=A{5) 8130 A=2:IFL>17THENA=1 8150 F0RI=lT0A:FORJ=lT08:P0KEE(J) , 32: POKEE ( J ) +C, : NEXTJ : PRINT 8160 E(l)=E(l)-23-22*(l-l) :E( 2 )=E( 2 ) -22-22* (I-1):E(3)=E(3)-1-22*(I-1) 8165 E(4)=E(4)-23-22*(I-l):E{5)=E(l)+23+22* {I-l):E(6)=E(6)+22+22*(l-l) 8168 E(7)=E(7)+l+22*(l-l):E(8)=E(8)+23+22*( I-l) 8170 F0RJ=1T08:P0KEE(J) ,A(J) : POKEE ( J ) +C, 2 :N EXTJ 8180 FORJ=1TO100 : POKE36877 , 220 : NEXTJ : P0KE36 877,0: NEXTI 8200 FORI=1T06:READA(I) iNEXTI : POKE36877 , 220 8220 FORl=14TO0STEP-2 8235 P0KE36878,I 8237 F0RJ=lTO6:P0KE36879,A(J) :F0RG=1T025 :NE XTG.J 8240 P0KE36879, 8: NEXTI :POKE36877,0: RETURN 9100 DATA-1, 0,1, 237, 10, 1,237, 5, 1,177, 20, 5,1 7 7,20,5,23 7,10,1,177,5,1,140,20,5 9105 DATA23 7, 10, 1,177, 5, 1,140, 15, 2, 237, 10,1 ,177,5,1,140,20,5,237,10,1,177,5, 1,140,25,5 9110 DATA177, 10, 1,140, 5, 1,118, 25, 1,140, 20,1 ,177,15,1,237,25,1,237,20,1,237,1 0,1,177,25,0 9200 DATA77, 66, 64, 42, 7 7, 66, 64, 42, 25, 42, 127, 143,159,255 Program 2: Atari version 5 POKE 5324B,0:6OSUB 3000:DIM N«(10) : N*=" '{T>«, <:{,>XCIi> tlPHJ" 7 BRAPHICS 0:POKE 752,1:? !DL=PEEK(5 60 > +256* PEEK (561 ) +4: POKE DL-1 , 6B:F OR 1=2 TO 24;P0KE DL+I,4:NEXT I 10 X=60: Y=50: W=0 20 A=PEEK f 106)-BiPDKE 54279, A : PMBASE =256«A 30 POKE 559,46iP0KE 53277,3 78 COMPUTE! June 1963 Dxpeneuee tlie Mici^oProse Challenge ! ! ! Brief Dlue 2, your computer wingmon.on his mission and he will follow your instructions and lead info an airtoolrond oirfo ground bottle ogoinsf enemy territory . . . Out, look out for Red Right; they defend their leiritory and attack yours! . . . Scrolling, split screen challenge for 1 -4 players .. . ATARI, 40K Disk or Cossetfe . . . $34.95. Ry combot in o ttiree-dimensionol aerial dogfight overttie Pocrfic during WWII . . . Requires real fighter pilot skills and maneuvers to survive to become on Ace or o W.G.F.P.I ... Try "SPITFIRE ACE" for oeriol combot over Europe ... 1 -4 ployer combot . . . ATARI, 40K Disk or 02K Cassette . . . S29.95. Race through ttie dangerous jungle avoiding the elephants, olllgafors, pigmies with poison dorti, and other jungle perils to be the first to rescue itie lovely Janice! ... A zany footroce for 1 -4 simultaneous ployers . . . ATARI, 32K Disk or Cassette . . . $29.95. Pilot your nimble ossoult helicopter through the complex under- ground labyrinths. Destroy the enemy aircroft end defenses while you fight your woy to rescue the captives trapped Inside ... Solo or team excitement for 1-6 ployers . , . ATARI, 02K Disk or 40K Cassette . . . $29.95. MicroProse Software is dedicated to bringing you games fhot challenge you for beyond fhe first few plays. We promise you hours of excitement and pleosure. Our gomes ore created using "MicroProse", our own proprietory assembly language gaming system, ond are available at select computer stores. If you con not find our gomes or your coinpurer store, you con order by MosterCard or Visa, money order, COD or check. Add $2.50 for postoge and handling. MD resident odd 5% soles tax. Call or write: MicroPros^ Software ^ caribou court, Porkron, md 21 120, 001 ) 357-4739 DEALER INQUIWES WELCOME! ATARI Is the regtserw) irademork of ATAW. Inc. iPOKE 5324B,X; ; POKE 5324B, Xi 40 FOR I=PMBASE+512 KE I,0:NEXT I 50 POKE 53248, X 60 POKE 704, 216: P0=PMBASE+512+Y 70 FOR I=PMBASE + 512 + Y TO PriBASE + 517 + Y:READ 6:PDKE I,A:NEXT I 80 DATA 224,112,254,127,112,224 95 POKE 53278,0 97 IF R=2 THEN 500 104 B = STICK (0) : IF B015 THEN A = B 110 X=X-4« < A=l 1 ) +4* ( A=7) iPOKE 53248, X: PT = PT+ 10-25* CA=11 ) 130 IF PEEK(53252) THEN POKE 764,255 :GOTO 2000 140 IF X>200 THEN POKE 53248 , 60: W=W+ 1:PT=PT+1000: X=60 145 IF X<60 THEN POKE 53248 , 200 : X =20 0: PT=PT-1000 150 IF W=6 THEN 1000 190 POSITION 17* (RND (0) »2) +4, 23: Z=IN T (LEN <N*) «RND (0) +1 ) : ? N«(2,Z):P0 KE 710, PEEK <53770) 260 GOTO 97 500 I=PEEK(764) 520 IF 1=54 THEN X=X-4 PT=PT-1S: GOTO 130 530 IF 1=55 THEN X=X+4 PT=PT+10: GOTO 130 540 GOTO 190 1000 POKE 764, 255: GDSUB 2100:GRAPH1C S 0:DN M GOTO 2000,1200,1005,10 05, 1005, 1020, 1010 1005 IF W<6 THEN GRAPHICS 0:? "You d id not complete your mission.": GOTO 1020 1010 ? :? CHR* ( 125) ; " You completed y our mission." 1020 ? "The Solarian System Minister has":? "awarded you ";PT;" Sol ar i an " 1025 ? "credits for your services.": GOTO 2010 1200 ? CHR* ( 125) ; "The Solarian Gover nment has fined":? "you ";PT;" galactic credits." 1210 ? :? "but, they also have anoth er mission":? "-for you !": GOTO 2 010 2000 FOR W=15 TO STEP -0.3:SOUND ,20*RND{0) , 0, W:POKE 704,PEEK(53 770):POKE P0+6 *RND < ), PEEK ( 5377 0) : NEXT M 2005 GRAPHICS 0:? "You didn't make i t. The Solarian":? "government has sant your family ":? PT;" g alactic credits." 2010 GOSUB 2100:POKE 764,255:? "Play again? (Y/N):";:6ET #1,A:IF A< >ASC("N") THEN RUN 2020 GRAPHICS 0:GOSUB 2i00:END 2100 POKE 53277, 0:POKE 53248 , 0: RETUR N 3000 GRAPHICS 0:SETCOLOR 2,6,6 3010 ? "{2 TAB>isaBCEaniia5" 3030 ? :? "B. Joystick":? :? "E. Key board":? "<:3 BPACESJUse < and > for move" OPEN #1 , 4, 0, "K: " : ? :? "Select:" R=A-48;IF R< 1 OR R>2 T TO PMBASE+640:PO RrograiTI 3: TI-99/4A Version 3040 100 110 120 130 140 150 I60 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 270 280 290 300 310 320 330 340 350 360 370 380 390 400 410 420 430 440 450 460 470 480 490 500 510 520 530 540 550 560 RANDOMIZE CALL CLEAR FOR 1=5 TO a CALL CDLOR(I, NEXT I CALL CLEAR PRINT " AS 570 3050 GET #1,A HEN 3050 3080 RETURN 3100 END 580 590 600 610 620 630 640 6S0 660 670 680 690 700 710 720 16, 1 > TRDSTDRM •POWER SHIP WITH < & > KE TD 9 3 20 STEP -1 DEPTH (1-1 PRINT PRINT PRINT YS" FOR 1=1 PRINT NEXT I FOR 1=14 TO FOR J=l TD NEXT J CALL SCREEN (I) NEXT I FOR 1=1 TO 400 NEXT I S = 3 PT=0 RSHIP=10 CSHIP=1 SHIP=62 C0L = 2 RLSHIP=RSHIP CLSHIP=C5HiP CALL CLEAR PRINT "WHAT ASTEROID 0) " ; INPUT X IF (X>i0) + CX< 1 ) THEN 380 PRINT PRINT "WHAT DIFFICULTY LEVEL tl -10) " INPUT DCULT IF (DCULT>10) + (DCULT< 1 ) THEN 380 CALL CLEAR CALL SCREEN(S) CALL COLOR (2,16,1) REM VARY LIMIT OF LOOP IN THE N EXT LINE IF THE GAME IS TOO HAR D OR TOO EASY FOR L00P=1 TO 1000 FOR 1=1 TO INT(RND*X)+1 CDL=INT(RND«30)+2 CALL HCHAR<23, COL, 42) NEXT I PRINT CALL GCHAR (RSHIP+DCULT,CSHIP, LO C) CALL HCHAR (RLSHIP + DCULT-1 , CLSHI P, 32) IF L0C=42 THEN 1190 CALL SCREEN(S) CALL HCHAR (RSHIP+DCULT,CSHIP, SH IP) CLSHIP=CSHIP RLSHIP=RSHIP CALL KEY (3, A, STATUS) IF AOASC ( " . " ) THEN 730 CALL SOUND (-700, -5, 3) PT=PT+5*DCULT*X CSHIP=CSHIP+1 IF CSHIP<>32 THEN 720 CSHIP=i S = S+1 IF S=15 THEN 1030 SHIP=62 80 COMPUTi! June 1983 f| FOR THE WONDERFUL WORLD OF ATARI THE LOVE AFFAIR BEGINS THE COMMANDER 2400 series: 2400 with KEYPAD. 2400 STANDARD AND 2400 PROFESSIONAL NUMERIC KEYPAD. The ULTIMATE STEP UP FOR THE WONDERFUL ATARI!!! Special Introduclor/ Pricing $1 1 6 to S 1 99 Regulaf Suggested List St 39 to S229" CALL (503)479-471 1 OR WRITE FOR FREE BROCHURE TO ORDER: TOLL FREE 800-547-2492 'Depending on Options - 10 Day Money Back Guarantee WITH YOUR FIRST TOUCH As your fingers caress Its sculptured full stroke keys and . . . you realize you can Install It YOURSELF ... in just minutes . . . witfiout any solderingl ■ .. . . IT GROWS as you experience... the responsiveness of superbly crafted engineering under your fingertips ... the convenience of your own KRSONALand detachable system designed to allow of BOTH keyboards ... the warmth, beauty and jance of solid black walnut woods . . . the softness, tuxuriousness. and durability of fine textured furniture vinyl in a magnificent enclosure designed by NIGHTSTAR ... the totally unique keypad circuit that allows rapid calculator function by automatically entering basic print statements for you. ... AND IT CULMINATES In a lasting happy relationship with your own personal COMMANDER 2400. A design engineered to return the thrill of personal command to computing! ASUPERB ACHIEVMENT. .and AVAILABLE NOW AT INTRODUCTORY PRICING Ralston Clearwaters Electronics 536 N.E. 'E' Street Grants Pass. Oregon 97526 VISA / MASTERCARD WELCOME RCE Rci INVITES YOU TO SAVE UP TO 40% RALSTON CLEARWATERS ELECTRONICS 536 N.E. 'E' STREET • GRANTS PASS, OR 97526 ALL BRAND NAMES ARE REGISTERED TRADE MARKS FOR CUSTOMER SERVICE CALL: (503) 479-471 1 or 479-^11 SO ^ COMPARE : OUR PRICES OUR SERVICE THEN: 800-547-2492 IN OREGON CALL: (503)479-471 1 WE ARE A WARRANTY STATION FOR ATARI, FOURTH Dlf^ENSION, IvIICRO SCI, SANYO, PANASONIC. & FRANKLIN. • 70 Column Graphic Word Processor Package-64K Computer, Drive w/ Apple Dos, 1 2" Zenith SPECIAL Green Screen, & Gemini 10 Printer. Send for details - $1799 w/o Printer - $1399 • 12BK Computer, Drive w/ Apple Dos, CPM, Parallel & Serial Port, & 80 Columns - $1849 • Commodore 64 - $459 Drive - $359 ■■■v HE}s^' & rvfchJ LOwl;s y-HiZ'i. -RtPAY; ATARIA LIST PRICE OUfl pfiice EPSON with GRAFTRAX 400 (16K) aOO (48 K) 1 200 (64K) MX BO FX80 MX 100 $219 $498 $679 £S45 S29 sees' $598 ^)95 $689 Daiseywriter with 48K Buffer Letter Quality Printer $1099 Apple Compatible Dlsl( Drives - 1 year warranty Fourth Dimension $269 Controller w/Apple 3.3 DOS $ 89 ^ PRKZ5 3U«JECT TOOUmOE WITHQVT HOTTCC TEMB. SirrBn_A<KmiOtlo4lJitianaK1>Hi larUPStHMrfl|()ii>und|orS^rD>'UP5t|li>»[Ul. PvcatPoU tiiain ^mnui ■<TV>QHn*nl* MmnvuPn tfiiopina Clrurga ■ (A 00 W**^"* Cnrutr"* c^tfM. c*fT'Md chacM. nofi«T o«1m and rivik «w«« honnao nwntOMMv V<^ A UM<«rCh«r^ KgraCRH tJUm fOdty* kx Mf«on«j cH«c«a lo clMr MyuAl 1Di«rH«i>eUngcriu^9nH'«liin«»cir aKJunBB*. Mb i^urds on op^nwl HtwCra CM tVW <]UMIM<TIZ MUOAta*m,*^\\ai\rt^malmAlHi^t%wvftrtf ' — , 'rf" l-irTu lilllir^^ ffilmrjl rapurvi4»«'>*n'»C<l^<MlO'all»Klrontcr»ONr4.MMHP Qxtvkacan.PKMwr 34n*a Htf M^ nnU «nd c*rt*«t«Tvi<:*ni F«a'tttrnv^iUIMnM«a«lh««l«rinti|nt(««aD'QUMl«4Vn ■PAHS Can lor ««•■■ CA »ul4> ouarkMMd iMc&uM n^u- anj f«cvtdn«ning tmrvKM Ww ri**i Doer c^Minno ttfKVVJK: KkwrN<nt Mf 1 1 r**n »nd hw* *■ ■o co mwcMo* Ci-AU iAk Pam Caruipi iiwurBSnx-ro KHFUtaracm e3ClMoo»in 103040 Col COor Pi4nt*r 102&4a Coi inpKl P*SMM iQIOPn Cx-* t3ff ht«a fvww tSB Piivn SO w/oM C«ioi Piamiai aa otaOATA Epaoft Pi*ii#r e*6H men It*. 21K Ami Cirri OCMn LPS N Li^M P^ BB BPmrmm 2W KawHtKBTiGkav MinOoMbt«Dw<a>tr APKIHMMrjUM £llt«t EIrtll MTtnrAciQum «LACKtWKirE AMBenscmcM »5 OMmmid STMutcnotncs I2H CCS 339 *tmtPKK.TH\ StinM ITII>A s»«;int ?Tioo TMwr rrM C«M/Par772S MTFRFACES (Ml tot T^KW ' me BM«« III nG» - II C«rr| lo AccO* MDOCUS MicnAilwiflK . NOSALtiilMJdNOHeGON! UlUi OUH PRICES? SEND FOR OUR CATALOG CALL FOR COMPLETE UNE Of SOfTW/kRE. 730 740 750 760 770 780 790 800 B10 820 830 840 850 860 870 880 890 IF A< >ASC ( " , " ) THEN 820 CALL SOUND ( -700, -6, 4> SHIP=60 PT=PT-8»DCULT«X CSHIP=CSHIP-1 IF CSHIP<>1 THEN 810 CSHIP=32 S=S-SGN (S-3) SHIP=60 REM h4E)(T LOOP CALL CLEAR PRINT UR" PRINT PRINT PRINT PRINT YDU DID NOT COMPLETE YD 'MISSION. THE SOLARIAN' 'GOVERNMENT HAS FINED YOU 900 PRINT 910 PRINT PT; "GALACTIC CREDITS." 920 PRINT 930 PRINT 940 PRINT 950 PRINT 960 PRINT 970 PRINT BUT, THEY ALSO HAVE " 'ANOTHER MISSION FOR YDU! 980 PRINT 990 PRINT 1000 INPUT "ARE YDU GAME (Y OR N)?" : G« 1010 IF 6*="Y" THEN 300 1020 GOTO 1500 1030 REM YOU WIN ! ! 1040 CALL CLEAR 1050 PRINT " YOU COMPLETED YOUR " 1060 PRINT 1070 PRINT "MISSION. THE SOLARIAN M I N I - " 1080 PRINT 1090 PRINT "STER HAS AWARDED YOU "; PT 1100 PRINT 1110 PRINT "SOLARIAN CREDITS FOR YO UR " 1120 PRINT 1130 PRINT "SERVICES AND WISHES YOU DELIVER 1140 PRINT 1 150 PRINT "TO MAKE i Y! " PRINT ANOTHER DE 1160 1 170 PRINT 1 180 GOTO 980 1190 CALL SCREEN(12) 1200 FOR 1=1 TO 50 1210 NEXT I 1220 CALL SCREEN(9) 1230 FOR VOL=24 TO 1 STEP 4 1240 CALL SOUND(200, -7, VOL> 1250 NEXT VOL 1260 FOR V0L=1 TO 24 STEP 4 1270 CALL SQUND(200, -7, VOL) 1280 NEXT VOL 1290 CALL SCREEN<i2) 1300 FOR 1=1 TO 10 1310 NEXT I 1320 CALL SCREEN(B) 1330 CALL CLEAR 1340 CALL SCREEN<6> 1350 PRINT "C4 SPACES>TOO BAD! SOLARIAN" 1360 1370 1380 1390 1400 1410 1420 1430 1440 1450 1460 1470 1480 1490 1500 PRINT UR" PRINT PRINT FOR 1 = PRINT NEXT I PRINT "<3 AY AGAIN" PRINT " OR FDR 1=1 TO PRINT NEXT I CALL KEY(3,K IF ST=0 THEN GOVERNMENT HAS SENT YO FAMILY ";PT; CREDITS. " TO S GALACTIC SPACES>HIT -P- TO PL -S- TO 5 ST) 1470 STOP. IF (K = ASCC' EN 300 END C") ) + (K=ASC ( "P" ) ) TH Program 4: Apple version THE 10 20 25 30 100 110 115 120 130 140 145 146 149 170 180 190 200 210 212 213 215 220 222 225 230 240 245 250 600 610 620 640 REM ASTEROID FIELD ION FOR I = 770 TO 795: READ M M: NEXT 1 DATA 172,01,03, 174,01,03, 169,04,32 , 168,252, 173,48, 192,232,208,253, 13 6 , 208 , 239 , 206, 0,03, 208 , 23 1 , 96 GOTO 1000 TEXT : HOME : VTAB 1 POKE 34,2 I = 1 TO 15: SP = 39) + 2: VTAB 24 NEXT I I = 10 TO 50 STEP 40: POKE 769, I: CALL 770 POKE OP, 160: VTAB 24:SP = <1) * 39) + 2 HTAB (SP) : PRINT "«" IF PEEK (CP) = 170 THEN FOR ) t "*": FOR , 10: APPLE II VERS POKE I, PRINT "SCORE INT ( RND <1 HTAB (SP): PRINT POKE 768 NEXT I INT < RND GOTO 800 POKE CP,CC:OP = CP FOR I = 1 TO 25: NEXT VTAB 1: HTAB 7: CALL - 868: 1: HTAB 7: PRINT PT 16384): ON M < 128 GOTO VTAB M = PEEK 120 IF M - 1 ( 128 = 8 THEN CC = 188: MV = GOTO 120 21 THEN CC = 190:MV = 32 THEN GOTO 120 BP OR MV > THEN GOTO IF M - 128 + 1: GOTO 120 IF M - 128 < > IF CP < > 215 ON SF GOTO 120 CP = BP + 39: SF = SF - 1 : GOTO 230 CP = CP + MV IF CP < > BP + 39 THEN GOTO 230 ON SF = 6 GOTO 600 CP = BP:SF = SF + 1 IF PEEK (CP) = 170 THEN GOTO 800 IF NOT MV THEN PT = PT + INT ( (M V » ( INT (DL « .2) » (tCP - BP) * SF))) / 2) : GOTO 250 PT = PT + (MV « ( INT (CP - BP) * SF) ) ) GOTO 120 REM WIN TEXT s HOME : VTAB 2: "SCORE: ";PT VTAB 8: HTAB 13: FLASH : PRINT "CO NGRATULATIONS": NORMAL : VTAB 12: HTAB 14; PRINT "YOU MADE IT!" POKE 768,15: POKE 769,50; CALL 770 (DL « .3) » ( HTAB 15: PRINT 82 COMPUni June 1983 ValFORTH iorM^n-AOOmO H^^^^^^^^^ VALPAR . Professional Software tor the Hobbyist ^^^^ IIMTERINI AflOINIALA FORTH has been used for years by ATARI* and others in programming their arcadegames. FORTH is fast, 1 5- 20 ^ times faster than BASIC, and can mai<e use of every capability for your computer. And it's no longer the province^^ of the professional programmer! With valFORTH and the additional packages described below, you can create programs in an afternoon that would previously have taken weeks of hard work! WHAT? YOU DON'T ALREADY KNOW FORTH? i^Ki^i^^^''^; book available on the subject, this entertaining treatment of Forth will make you comfortable with this exciting language quickly and easily. When you order Starting Forth, you get a free copy of our 'Notes for the valFORTH User," including references, by page, to Starting Forth. These are the utilities developed by Valpar International's software specialists and used So create our commercial software products. ValOlS]® NEW! By Popular Demand! vafDOS. Now you can use your valFORTH system to read and write normal Atari DOS Files created with valOOS or other sources. Also in- cludes valDOS File Editor (or creating and reading FORTH Source Code without 'screens." (Nol a general file editor.) (Over 25 pages of documentation. Requires vaiFORTH.) valFORTH. Pacl<age contains: tig-FORTH kernel with mathematical and stack op- erations machine-coded for higher speed than normal fig-FORTH: lini editor AND screen editor, debugger, sound and graphics commands floating point, advanced 6502 assembler, diskcopiers, and much more (Over 1 1 pages of documentation) IJTJUTiES pm WED EDiTDH Utilities: 4 aray types, 4 case types, text on graphics 8, extensive string manipulation and keyboard input, STICK & PADDLE, randoms, bit manipulation, and much, much more. Editor: fast, powerful, complete valFORTH screen editor 1.1, A profes- sional-quality tool that makes editing a pleasure. (Over 60 pages of documentation. Requires valFORTH.) Player-Missile: Create, move, color, ch players and missiles with high level comi.i, player, multicolor players, etc. etc. All critical sections in machine code. Character Editor: Compose character sets with joystick. Simultaneous display of created characters. Make images for players and missiles. Sound Editor; Simple independent control of all four voices (one joystick per voice) and audio-control register. Create any single-setting sound with graphical and tabular readout. (Over 35 pages of documentation. Requires valFORTH.) VALPAR INTERN ATIONAI. 3B01 E. an^" STREET TUCSON, ARIZONA SBTIS Call Toll-Free 800-528-7070 In Arizona call (602) 790-71 41 hiV:.Kwaiii».-i .: <:«ii««]>.-i.ii Coming Attractions: * TARGET COMPILER * 3D WORLD For more information fasf and a (4THy IF HONK THEN| bumperslicker, send 25« and a self-addressed, stamped envelope. DISPLAY FORMATTER Fast, simple creation of all types of display lists, with automatic 4K boundary jumping . Automatic or user control led memory allocation , and formatting for horizontal and vertical scrolling, and display list interrupts. quires valFORTH.) UtiUi it M graphics modes suppdSMnBIn GTIA and "7 + ". Draw and fill commands faster and smarter than Basic. "Tum-loward" for "chasing" and vanishing point effects; point labeling, etc. Also SIN, COS. ATN, ATN2, etc. added to floating point. (Over 35 pages of documentation. Requires valFORTH.) Text Compression and Auto Text Formatting A unique, two-part utility! • Text Compression allows the packing of text into much less space than normally required. Useful for wordy Adventure games, "artificial Intelligence," etc.! • Auto Text Formatting takes both normal and compressed text and routes it to the video screen "windows." (Over 20 pages of documentation. Requires valFORTH.) valFORTH alone requires 24K valFORTH plus one or more packages requires 32K minimum Memory requirements include 10-12K worldng space All products are now on non-protected disks Over 350 pages of detailed documentation! valFORTH 1-1 S59.95 General Utilities and Video Editor 49.95 Player Missile Graphics, Character Editor, and Sound Editor 49.95 Display Formatter 39.95 Turtle and valGraphics and Floating Point Routines 54.95 Text Compression and Auto Text Formatting 39.95 valDOS and valDOS File Editor 59.95 Heavy-Duty Professional Binder (provided free when ordering 3 or more packages at one time) 1 3.00 Starting Forth 15.95 Principal Software Authors: Stephen Maguire and Evan Rosen Alan i& a irad«inark ol Atari. Inc . a diviston ol Warner Communrcaiions Plus Shipping and Handling VISA and MASTERCARD accepted 650 800 810 B20 830 840 ; POKE 768,10: POKE 769,10: CALL 7 70; POKE 768,15: POKE 769,50: CALL 770 FOR I = 1 TO 500: NEXT I POKE - 16368,0: GOTO 910 REM CRASH V = DL + 2:H = CP - BP IF H < =1 THEN VTAB V - 1: HTAB H: PRINT " /": VTAB V: HTAB H; PRINT " -": VTAB V + 1: HTAB H: PRINT " "; CHR$ <92): BDTQ 850 IF H > =39 THEN VTAB V - 1: HTAB H: PRINT CHR* (92);" ": VTAB V: HTAB H: PRINT ■■- ": VTAB V + 1: HTAB H: PRINT "/ ": GOTO 850 VTAB V - 1: HTAB H: PRINT CHR* (9 HTAB H: PRINT "- HTAB H: PRINT "/ 2);" /": VTAB V: -"; : VTAB V + 1; "; CHR* (92); 850 FOR I = 1 TO 200:X=PEEK( 890 POKE - 16368,0 900 TEXT : HOME : VTAB "SCORE: ";PT 905 VTAB 10: HTAB 11 YOUR SHIP I " 910 VTAB 21: HTAB 6: ? Y)ES, N)0, E>ND 915 IF A* = "E" THEN 920 IF A* = "Y" OR A* GOTO 1130 1000 TEXT : HOME 1010 VTAB 5: HTAB 15: 1050 VTAB 10: HTAB 1: FICULTY LEVEL <5-18) 1055 IF LEN (DL$) < 1 OR 1060 -163 36) :NEXTI HTAB 15: PRINT PRINT "YOU LOST PRINT "SAME GAME " ; : GET At END = CHR* (13) THEN PRINT "ASTROSTDRM" INPUT "ENTER DIF ;DL* LEN (DL*) > 2 THEN GOTO 1050 E = 0: FOR I = 1 TO LEN (DL«):CH* 1070 1080 1090 1100 1110 1130 1140 1150 1160 1170 1180 1190 1200 1210 1220 1230 1240 1250 1024 TO 1920 STEP 128 = MID* <DLt,I,l): IF ASC (CH*) < 48 OR ASC (CH*) > 57 THEN E = 1 NEXT I; ON E GOTO 1050 DL = VAL (DL*) IF DL < 5 THEN VTAB 18: PRINT "T 00 EASY": FDR I = 1 TO 1000: NEXT I: VTAB 18: CALL - 868: GOTO 1050 IF DL > 18 THEN VTAB IB: PRINT " TOD HARD": FOR I = 1 TO 1000: NEXT I: VTAB 18: CALL - 868: GOTO 1050 VTAB 15: HTAB 10: INPUT "INSTRUCT IONS (Y/N) ";A*s IF A* = "Y" THEN GOTO 1200 J = 0s FOR I J = + 1 IF J = DL + 2 THEN CP = 1:1 = 192 1: GOTO 1180 IP J + a = DL + 2 THEN CP = I + 4 0:1 = 1921: GOTO 1180 IFJ+16=DL+2 THEN CP = I + 80:1 = 1921 NEXT I BP = CP: SF = 1:CC = 190; MV = +1: PT = 0: GOTO 100 TEXT : HOME VTAB 3: HTAB 14: PRINT "INSTRUCTI VIHB 6: PRINT "THE LEFT AND RiGHT ARROW KEYS CONTROL ": PRINT 'THE DIRECTION DP MOVEMENT OF THE ROCKE T.";: PRINT "PRESS THE SPACE BAR T MOVE THE ROCKET." PRINT : PRINT : HTAB 4: PRINT "PR ESS SPACE BAR TO BEGIN THE GAME" VTAB 20: HTAB B: PRINT "PRESS ANY KEY WHEN READY": GOTO 1130 WAIT - 16384,128 an ACTION packed video game of STRATEGY and SKILL for TWO PLAYERS ® for ATARI home compulers with 32K memory and two joy slicks. X You are fighlmg your enemy in unslabfe spsce Wilh the shock at every missile explosion, dpndly hypei-spihes bieak oul Contact wilh hyperspikes causes instant disintegration. Aa you tunnel (tiroug^ space-lime, weavtng in and out of hyper- spikes. WATCH OUT for rammers and space mines Be on the lookout for the sudden appearance ol sman bombs and streakers on your tail. The only way to come out alive is to trap your opponent m u cage of hyperspikes. Try it— with a Inend Only $29.95 (on disc) Distributors and Dealers Welcome Call 1-215-485-5000 ^^ Affind, Inc. L^^^^^^^ P O. Bo< 202S Asian, Pennsylvania I9014 ^Vb^'ao.c'.Vi'sm?!^. JOIN THE COMPUTER REVOLUTION WITH A MASTERY OF THE KEYBOARD! In the age of the computer, everyone from the school child to the Chairman of the Board should be at home at the computer keyboard. Soon there will be a computer terminal on every desk and in every home. Learn how to use it right ...and have some fun at the same time! Bated THE BEST educational program for the VIC 20™ by Creative Computing Magazine TYPING TUTOR PLUS WORD INVADERS -$21.95 (2 programs on one cassette tape for the unexpanded VIC 20™} Typing Tutor plus Word Invaders makes learning the keyboard easy and fun! Typing Tutor leaches the l<eyboard in easy steps. Word Invaders makes typing practice an entertaining game. Highly praised by customers: "Typing Tutor is great I". "Fantastic'. "Excellent". Higt} Quality". "Asourceof great joy and learning for our children". "Even my little Sister likes it". "Word Invaders is sensational!" Customer comment says It all . . . ". . . and it was everything you advertised it would be. In three weeks, my 13 year old son, who had never typed belore.was typing 35 w.p.m. I had improved my typing speed 15 w.p.m. and my husband was able to keep up with his college typing class by practicing at home. " SPECIAL VERSION OF TYPING TUTOR PLUS WORD INVADERS NOW AVAILABLE FOR THE COMMODORE 64™.. .$21. 95 (Tape) All ot the features of the VIC 20^^ Version and more SPRITE r^'^" I Jllil DESIGNER S by Dr. Lee T.Hill | $1 6.95(Tape} $21 .95(Disk) Create and then transform sprites automatically. We have the other sprite making programs, but this is the one we use to make sprites. The automatic transfor- mations are great! ^^^^ Shipping and handling SI .00 per ^^i order. California residents add 6% ^^ ^^^H sales tax. VISA and Mastercard '((mi(' orders must include full name as shown on card, card number, and expiration date. Free catalog sent with order and on request- dCADEmV SOFTl/^^RE P.O. Box 9403, San Rafael, CA 949t2 (415) 499-0850 Programmers: Write to our New Program Manager concerning any exceptional VIC 20TM or Commodore 64TM game or other program you have developed. ^te^'w'^^^'?. POWER LINE PROBLEMS? SPIKESPIKER® ...THE SOLUTION Protects, orgonizes, controls compulers & sensitive electronic equipment. Helps prevent software "glitches", unexploined mefnory loss, ond equipment domoge. Rlter models ottenuote conducted RF interference, 1 20V, 1 5 Amps, Other models ovoiloble. Ask for free litefoture. DELUXE POWEI COMSOIE $79.95 Tronsienl obsorfcer. dual 5-itoge filler. B indivi(j[uoll)t jwitchcij UcilAtt. hit6. mqrl swifch. & Ijlc . WAD.II $59.95 Transient obsortMr. Dual 3 stoge filter. 4 sockefs, lite. aUAD-l $49.95 TfOnsi«nt otlOrlw, 4 socketi. MINIM $44.95 Tronsitnl ab%orim. 3 (toft* fiHpr, 2 sockets. MINI-I $34.95 TroftSitflT dbsortMT, 2 SDckats. J*> 6S84RuchRd., Dept.CP Bethlehem, PA 18017 215-837-0700 Out of Stote Order ^M Frt* S0O-523-96t5 DfALERIHCHIiaiESINVinD-COOiiKid 13.00 + Ship. June 1983 COMPUTE! S5 THE HAWKMEN OF DINDRIN "tSSf^- i!i>iSmB6s^<'^^'>^i'**^^»'j'/i!if^^r^.-—~ Fly doio}i lliivu^^h t!ic diiugeroufi .sl'/fs of the planet Dindriu to collect golden stones. Retrieve enough of them and yon can win the game, hut heware of the floaters, skinnncrs, and lizards. There are ver- sio)is here for V!C, 64, and Atari. Several special Atari and 64 animation, nudticolor sprite, and sound effects techniqnes are described in the accofn- pam/ing notes. '.=^ joystick. You mav move backwards by pulling left on me jo\'sHck. Whenever you want to go into a dive or fly upwards, you must pull down or up (respectively) on the joystick. One thing to keep in mind when ascending or descending is that you will move diagonally rather than straight up or down. The winds are powerful on Dindrin. Flying is an art form there. Once in n while, an obstacle such as the sky skimmer (moving above the surface) or a There's a strange planet named Dindrin where floater (dominating the skies) will get in your multicolored floaters and a giant sky skimmer drift through the daytime skies. On the sur- face of the planet, vicious land hunters come up from the ground and set polished, golden stones in the sun. It's a form of worship too obscure, too alien to describe. Suddenly a strange looking hawk-like creature dives down and snatches a stone. With this program and your VIC, you can experience what it's like to be one of the Hawkmen of Dindrin. The "Hawkmen of Dindrin" is divided into two programs. The first program makes custom characters and automatically loads the main game program. When the game be- gins, you (the hawkman) start off on the upper lives. Third, when the game starts after the left corner of the screen under the cloud layer, program is loaded from tape, press the stop You will move across the screen and move button on the cassette player. Otherwise, the lower after every line. joystick will not respond to your commands. Maneuvering is accomplished with your To win, you must obtain 10,000 points. 86 COMPUTE! June 1983 way. When this happens, you can press the red button on the joystick to extend the hawkman's tongue to snap up its prey. You can also do this to obtain points and energy. The skimmer is worth 5 points and U) energy credits. The floaters are worth 15 points and 20 energy credits. There are a couple of things to consider before playing the game. As time passes, you will lose energy. If your energy gets too low, the screen border will disappear. If your energy runs out, the game will end. If you have sufficient energy, the border will remain on screen. Second, when you're flying don't run into anything or you'll lose one of vour ^ ' fe^-r'^ pps^nj &!««,^ii Mj>Cr SBh! ^ ^^4=^^^ |S|ll ^^ M ||RlS ^ ' , J The game that puts space games in perspective. Zaxxon'^ one of the most popular arcade games of 1982, is now avail- able for use with your home computer system. Zaxxon'" technology and creativity present a 3-dimensional-like playfield which sets Zaxxon '" apart from other computer games. Zaxxon'" looks and sounds like aircraft flight, and players can soar to new levels of home computer entertaihmerit7From the daring attack on the enemy's floating for- tress and the blazing battle against the en- emy's fighter fleet to the final showdown with the deadly armored robot, Zaxxon'" chal- lenges the skill and imagination of every player at every level of skill. Imagine yourself the pilot, attacking the enemy fortress-climbing, diving, strafing to score points and extra fuel. The enemy fights back with a barrage of missiles and gunfire. Then you face a fleet of enemy fight- ers in a gripping dogfight of altitude strategy and flying skill. Survive this battle and the enemy's fortress, defended with laser bar- riers, then you've earned the ultimate chal- lenge; a blazing confrontation with the pow- erful rotrot, armed with a lethal homing missile. Zaxxon '" is the one game that you must see to believe. You have to play it to feel its im- pact. If you're ready to face the challenge, check with your local software dealer or send check or money order with $2.00 post- age/handling. California residents add 6'/3% sales tax. Available on cassette or diskette. Suggested retail price $39.95. Available on Atari" 1 6K cassette, and 1632K disk, Radio Shack' Color 32K cassette and disk, ApplaMSK disk. N:=:i^ COMPUTER SOFTWARE 9421 Winnetka Avenue Cha(swor)h,CA 91311 (213)701-5161 ©1982 Datasoft* Inc. Dalasott ■ is a feglstered ttademai* of DaiasoH Ire. ' Sega • and Zaxnort " are registered !rademari(S ol Sega Enterprises Inc. lAnd Commodore 64 Notes Charles Brannon, Program Editor Several special programming tricks went into the making of the Atari and 64 versions of "The Hawkmen of Dindrin." Most striking is that the Atari and 64 program listings are very similar. The same basic program was used on both machines, but lines specific to each machine's graphics are of course mod- ified. The joystick values returned by STICK(O) (Atari) and PEEK(56321)AND15 (64) are identical, making the game easier to translate. Animated Characters Take a look at the screen photos for Hawkmen. A "patrol snake" sweeps across the bottom of the screen. Airborne "floaters" pop up all over the screen, grinning (as well they might). The hawkman's wings flap. The luminous stones at the bottom of the screen are protected by menacing lizards whose tongues wiggle venomously at you. To play the game, use a joystick plugged into the first port. Follow the general instruc- tions in the VIC article. The joystick response will be strange and difficult to master, but it is predictable. Your hawkman cannot stick out his tongue, but if you hold down fire, you can safely bump into the smirking floaters (and get points for them!). How It's Done Multicolored characters are used on both the Atari and 64 for the stones and the lizards. The patrol snake is a multicolored sprite on the 64 and is formed on the Atari by over- laying two players to get three colors. The animation (wing flapping, tongue wiggling) is done by switching between two custom character sets. Every object to be animated has two alternate "views." The same image is copied into both character sets for shapes that should not move, such as the stones or the score line. Special ISIachine Language A machine language routine is used for smooth, even horizontal motion for the patrol snake. Instead of being called when needed by BASIC, the machine language routine runs continuously "in the background." The machine language routine also flips the char- acter set and, on the Atari, produces a vari- able sound effect. Countdown Tinners On the Atari, the machine language is called automatically by Countdown Timer Two. To use the countdown timer, store the address of your routine in CDTMA2 ($0228). To start the automatic execution, store a clock value into CDTMV2 ($021 A). The clock value is measured in sixtieths of a second. The time value is decremented every vertical blank, and when it hits zero, your routine is called by an indirect JSR through CDTMA2. After your routine executes, it should store a new timer value so that it will be called again, and then return with RTS. The beauty of using the countdown tim- ers instead of a vertical blank is twofold; it's easier to set up and disable (to disable, just store a zero into CDTMV2), and you can control how often it's called by the timer value. The routine was being called every sixtieth of a second (value of one), but the character set flipping was so fast it blurred. So a higher value was used, and the snake was speeded up by additional increments of its horizontal position. Interrupting The Commodore 64 We used the hardware interrupt request (IRQ) on the Commodore 64. To place a machine language routine so that it automat- ically executes every sixtieth of a second, you change the IRQ vector at $0314 (it nor- mally points to the ROM interrupt routines) to point to your machine language routine. After your routine executes, it exits with a JMP to the normal ROM routine. The setup is a little tricky. While you're storing the new IRQ value, you have to use SEI (SEt Interrupt disable bit) to prevent any interrupts from happening. If you don't, an interrupt could occur after you had stored the first byte of the vector value but before you changed the second. The interrupt would then vector through a "half baked" value. 88 COMPUIl! June 1983 L^C9)\Y/ (oW^ uvJ Ki (gZ^ LIv Z^\^B /5\ PDIKSB ©P TrMB /^(g^O©^] The Offitial FROGGER™ - The popular coin-op comes home! Action fast and graphics so brilliant, II swear you're at an arcade! $34.95 CROSSFIRE™ - Attacking aliens sun-ound you in a game of speed and accuracy! An ever-dwindling supply of ammunition Is your only defense! $34.95 cartridge JAWBREAKER" - No more stale mazes! They're for mice and other pests! Everything moves in a flurry of color - even the vifalls! $34.95 cartridge LA ►^h<?* These smash hits on other computers are now available for the Commodore 64! And it's just a start. The best! The brightest! The fastest! That's our promise. Get your Frogger, Crossfire or Jawbreaker from your local dealer or order directly from Sierra On-Line, Inc., Sierra On-Line Building, Coarsegold, Calif. 93614 (209)683-6858. ADD ONE DOLLAR FOR SHIPPING VISA • MASTERCARD • CHECK • COD ACCEPTED SBHRJ^l^mSL SIERRAVISION IS A TRADEMARK OF SIERRA ONLINE, INC. FROGGER IS A TRADEMARK OF SEGA ENTERPRISES, INC. JAWBREAKER IS A REGISTERED TRADEMARK OF SIERRA ON-LINE. INC. CROSSFIRE IS A TRADEMARK OF SIERRA ON-UNE, IN and end up in limbo. After you've changed the IRQ vector, you clear the interrupt disable bit (CLI) and return with RTS to BASIC. The machine language routine will then be running con- tinuously in the background, flipping the character set and moving the sprite. More On Multicolor The now famous IRG mode 4 is used on the Atari for multicolored characters. See the Atari Notes for Thunderbird (COMPUTE!, January 1983) for more information on multi- colored characters. Interestingly, the same character set used on the Atari was used on the 64, even for multicolor. It turns out that both machines use the same format for storing multicolor patterns. Commodore 64 Multicolor Multicolor graphics are really important for good arcade effects. A few years ago, graphic objects {such as a tank or plane) were always a single color. But increasing realism has been a feature of arcade graphics, and multi- colored objects are an important aspect of this realism. Normally, when you define a custom character set on the 64, you create eight rows of pixels (picture elements, dots). Each row is eight dots (or bits) wide. With multicolor, each row is divided up into four two-bit pairs. Each pair of bits can hold a number from 0-3: 00,01,10,11. You use a different number for each color. This reduces the resolution to four multicolor pixels per row, so the lizards and stones are composed of two characters each. You also have to tell the VIC-II chip that you are using multicolor. Do this with: POKE 53270,PEEK(53270) OR 16 Disable multicolor with: POKE 53270,PEEK(53270) AND 239 Here is a sample multicolor shape: rrrr r = red (arbitrary colors) rbbb b==blue rbgg g = green rbgg Let's say the binary codes for red, green, and blue are (respectively) 01, 10, and 11. Sub- stituting gives: 01 10 11 11 01101111 01 01 01 01 01010101 01 10 10 10 01101010 01 10 11 11 01101111 You can change the colors according to this key: 00 Background #0 color register - 53281 01 Background #1 color register - 53282 10 Background #2 color register - 53283 11 Color in lower 3 bits in color memory. That last line needs explaining. You know that to get variously colored characters, you POKE a number from 0-15 into the cor- responding color memory location. How- ever, colors 8-15 (accessed by the Commo- dore key) are really multicolors. Multicolor characters always are displayed with a color from 8-15. You won't get the eight alternate colors (such as grey), but the normal color on the key (15 = yellow). Just add eight to the "normal" color number. So, a bit value of 11 will take on the value in color memory. The other colors will come from the color registers (00 is transparent). Multicolored sprites are similar. Instead of the normal 24-bit resolution, the bits are grouped into 12 bit pairs. The colors come from: 00 - Transparent, screen color 01 - Sprite multicolor register #0 53285 10 - Normal sprite color register 11 - Sprite multicolor register #1 53286 You tell the VIC-II chip that you are using a multicolored sprite by: POKE 53276,PEEK(53276) OR (2tX) "x" is the sprite number, from to 7. You can mix multicolored and regular sprites on the same screen. But all multicolored sprites will share the same two multicolor registers. Simple SID Chip Sound We were able to get some nice sound effects on the Atari version (such as the thrumming made by a lizard) by experimenting. But with the 24 registers of Commodore's sound syn- thesis chip, SID, trial and error would take far too long. The "thrumming" noise is made by playing a low-pitched tone through the SID using the variable pulse wave and a fairly long (one second) decay. Another sound effect (1 can't really describe it) is made with white noise and a medium decay. The high byte of the pitch is changed as the note is played. There is also another sound effect created by the sawtooth waveform affecting the low byte of the pitch. 90 COMPUTFI June 1983 fv^o^A mt'^-^M-w. -^me^^^ALi^ .^h' SI'RITEMASTER" spriii- tvlitur Tnr the Coniinuvk)ri: n4 h's the tiiu^t iilihtv avarliihk- ior nuilliivtUir vpnti- ;uiim;uioii iicut tfinu- Il wiil haw V'Hi m.thii^ lull color ;«iinu«t\l kiIijivEn in just [niiui[(.-s. IVtipU- runtuhi hirJ^ rtvitvji ivr tatiks rolting ate a si-Lip with SpriK'tnaMt-r. h'r. a lartiKjii inakoT kir ihiUr^^n. ricallv apl^'ii'i V'lir sptm-s u aikl lUuU'rstand and collk-s vv LTstaiiil and i.'i.illk-s Willi a luU ,: 1 piji*- iiwrniL'tion nlaitu:H i sjMiu^s ifijtL-i viH» shiru-tl, (yu^^^c^tod rcrull price., .,S3S.45) Pudi your Crommculim- 64' lii ihi- limit!'. NEUTRAL ZtINK'" takes you ii> the mitfi ivW^ ol ilw i;alax\ . lo .ALri I A l>iHKrani;i-«itlv w.itriilii; M.llliin whtw imvsion is tn di-tivi ,ili»-ii intriidiTs Iroi otlicr j;.ilaKifs. Yim arc asiMt^nt-J Iti oltL' of ihf (HTlliH-ttT titlfilicry jxxls. [HI.S IS -SO MAN'S LAND THE NEL'TRAL ZONE. . NEUTRAL ZONE'" is ihc uhiinate in high resiiliition, fast saiiin, ariadr qi jjniK-s. It i^ wriitfh in lOO'-Vi ni;ii:hitn- lannuujii' ^iid fiMiun*? ^nitioth SATcillinj: t IW Lli'crLL- p.iiuiranKi. All iittiiiti m in VD, hluli n'», full iiJor i;raphiis wiih [vtia-....*H.yS) fdi'tis. llif rwiHsin is unbclicvublc. (SuiKMU-d tft.iii SI'RITEM ASTER'" ANH NEUTRAL ZONE'" ABE AVAILAHLI: AT YOL'R lAlCAL COMMOOORII UKALER ON EITOER tllSK OR TAPE'. ACCESS SOFTWARE INC ,S'I lAV SOtriH. SALT LAKE CI lY. UTAH ,S4Wi. TKLEi'HONE ItSOl) 512-1 134 wi' Piii'.iius'. Mji.Iiiih->, Itn.. , Program 1: Hawkmen - VIC Version Part 1. Save this first on tape. 10 POKE 36879, 93: REM PART ONE OF TWO PART PROGRAM 20 PRINT" {clear} { rev) hawkmen OF DINDRIN {off}" 50000 X=PEEK(56)-2:POKE52,X:POKE56,X:POKE5 1,PEEK(55):CLR 50010 CS=256*PEEK(52)+PEEK(51) 50020 F0RI=CST0CS+511: POKE!, PEEK (H-32768-C S ) : NEXT 50030 READX:IFX<0THEN50090 50040 PORI=XTOX+7 : READJ : POKEI , J : NEXT 50050 GOTO50030 50090 DATA75 12, 0,28, 54, 255, 48, 30, 0,0 50091 DATA7504,3 5,85,91,192,109,41,101,26 50092 DATA7496,255,126,60,60,60,60,255,255 50093 DATA7168, 134,205,207,252,255,96,96,2 4 50094 DATA7432, 0,0, 0,255, 0,0, 0,0 50095 DATA7440,0,90,60,90, 126,24,36,66 50096 DATA7448,0,24,36,66,66,66,36,255 50097 DATA7456,24,13 5,13 3,199,71,103,103,2 55 50098 DATA7464,24,207,141,239,255,255,255, 255 50099 DATA7472, 0,0, 0,170, 85, 0,0,0 50100 DATA748B,255,25 5,255,25 5,255,25 5,25 5 ,255 50101 DATA-1 63000 POKEl98,5:POKE631,78:POKE632,69:POKE 633,87: POKE634 , 1 3 : POKE635 , 131: END Program 2: Hawkmen - VIC Version Part 2 1 REM PART TWO. SAVE AFTER PART 1 ON TAP E 6 TI$="000000" 7 POKE36869,255 8 CLR: 51=36876: 32=36875: 33=36874 :S4=3687 7 9 E=200:FC=38554 10 PRINT" {CLEAR] ■' : POKE36879, 122 :SC=0:Y=78 13:V=36878:YC=38533:SK=a080:MKC=3 8800:TN=4:FL=7834 20 PRINT" {home} {04 DOWN}&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&Sc &&&&&" ; 21 PRINT" {home} {D0WN}SC0RE: " :PRINT"EKERGY 22 FORA=0TO21 : POKE8164+A, 40 : P0KE38a84+A, 6 : NEXTA 30 FORA=0TO21 : P0KE8142+A, 35 : P0KE38862+A, 5 : NEXTA 35 PRINT" {home} {18 DOWN} 1!!+" 40 POKE36878,15 50 POKEYC,0: POKEY, 51 J=PEEK(37151) :E=E-1:GOSUB600 52 IFJ=94THENGOSUB100 53 IFJ=110THENQ=-1 54 IFJ=126THENQ=1 55 IFJ=118THENQ=23:POKES2,130 56 IFJ=122THENQ=-21:POKES2, 210 57 POKEY, 3-2 : P0KES2 , : IFY+Q<7790ORY+Q>=816 3THEN500 58 PRINT"{H0ME}LIFE: ";TN:PRlNT"lHOME] { DOWN} [06 RIGHT} ";SC: PRINT" {07 RIGHT} {06 LEFT}";E:IFE<=0THEN1000 92 COMPUTE! June 1983 59 IFPEEKCY+Q)=35THEN90 60 IFPEEK(Y+Q)=32THEN75 71 IFPEEKCY+Q)<>32THEN500 75 Y=Y+Q;YC=YC+Q:POKEYC,0: POKEY, 76 IFPEEK{Y+22)=36THEN300 80 G0T051 90 Y=Y+Q : YC=YC+Q : POKEYC , : POKEY, : SC=SC+1 00:E=E+100 92 FORI=1TO20 : POKESl , 220+1 :NEXTI : POKESl , 9 3 POKEY ,32: Y=Y- 2 2 : YC=YC-2 2 : POKEYC , ; POKE Y,0 96 G0T051 100 IFY>=8138THENRETURN 101 E=E-3:IFE<=0THEN500 102 G=250 105 F0RX=1T03 110 IFPEEK(Y+X)<>32THEN135 115 POKEY+X,33:POKES3,G:G=G+l:NEXTX 119 B=3 120 FORX=BT01STEP-l 125 POKEY+X,32:POKES3,G:G=G-l 129 POKES3,0 130 NEXTX: RETURN 135 IFPEEK ( Y+X ) =34THENE=E+20 : SC=SC+1 5 140 IFPEEKCY+X)=33ORPEEK(Y+X)=43THENE=E+10 :SC=SC+5 145 POKESl ,195: PDKEY+X ,42: B=X : FORJ=0TO60 : N EXTJ 149 POKESl, 150 GOTO120 300 POKEY, 305 POKEYC+22 , 2 : POKEYC, 2 ; POKEY+22 , 41 : POKEY ,36 310 FORB=1TO100 315 POKEY, 36 320 POKES4,187 325 POKEY, 37 330 POKES4,127 335 NEXTB:POKES4,0 345 POKEY, 32: POKEY+22, 35 346 E=INT(E*.5) 350 TN=TN-1:IFTN=0THEN1000 351 Y=7ai3:YC=38533:GOTO50 500 IFPEEK (Y+Q)=36THENPOKEY+23, 35: POKEY+22 ,36:GOTO300 501 Y=Y+Q : YC=YC +Q : POKEYC , 2 : POKEY , 4 2 502 FORH=240TO220STEP-1 503 POKES3,H:NEXTH:POKES3,0 505 POKEY, 32 506 TN=TN-1: IFTN=0THEN550 507 YC=38533:Y=7813:GOTO50 550 GOTO1000 600 0=INT ( RND ( 1 ) *22 ) +1 : IFO=22THENO=0 601 0=INT ( RNDd ) *22 )+i ; IFO=22THENO=0 602 D=INT{RND(1)*2)+1 603 IFD=lTHENPOKE38862+0, 4 : POKE8142+0, 36 604 IFD=2THENPOKE38862+0,5:P0KE8142+O, 35 605 POKE(SK-3),32:POKESK,33 606 IFPEEK{SK+1)=0THENY=Y+1:GOTOS00 608 MKC=MKC+1:SK=SK+1 609 IFSK=8098THENSK=8076:MKC=38796:POKE809 6,32: POKE809 7 ,32: POKE809 5 , 3 2 610 POKEMKC,8:POKESK,43 611 Z=1NT(RND(1)*10)+1:IFZ<>5THEN650 612 F=INT (RND(1)*242)+1: IFPEEK (FL+F) <>32TH EN612 614 W=INT(RND{1)*7)+1 615 IFW=7THEN614 616 POKEFC+F,W:POKEFL+F,34 625 IFE<100THENPOKE36879,127 626 IFE>100THENPOKE36879, 122 650 RETURN a^^^ /Wi^^ Eight screens each more dll- licull than Ihe last, v'tfa 'ast action wilh superb color and sound, for the expert game playeronly This game IS very hsrcJ indeed lo master Each screen a diUerent opponent, with unique battle tactics and missiles. You will not lire of this game m a huffy. Casset'te S24.00 Un-expanded VIC 20 Keytjoard or Joystick VICMEN PANIC A very tast action game based upan Ihe (amiliar maze theme, superchatget dots, point dol^. random Ituj t bonus, extra life alter 1500 points, high score held music, sound eflecls, elc All this on an un expanded ViC 20 m super last high rt?yOlulion graphics. Cassette S24.00 Unexpanded V1C20 Keyboard ot loystich A ladder and platform envKon- menl where aliens pursue a shovel wielding crew mem- ber around the screen. Armed only with a space. shovel set traps tor Ihe aligns hy dig- ging holes in the platiormslhen pound them to death with the shovel Multiple screen, hi score, unlimited play, three alien types. Cassette S24.00 Un-eKpandedVICaO Keyboard or Joystick .^i/"^^ ^1^1^^ vr^^ .rf «^" METEOR Yourship is being approaclied by deadly rneleors, your long rangescan locates approach- ing meteor and mdicales range. Your task is lo spot the approaching meteors destroy it with laser fire before impact. Beautiful graphics, damage indicator, full color hi-resolution graphics and sound. Cassette SI 2.00 Un-expanded VlC20or Commodore ^^ Keyboard or Joystick BUNNY Using Ihe joystick move the bunny across (our lanes of speeding traffic, dodging truclts and cars. Then hop across a swiftly flowing, piranha infested rmer by jump- ing qrt floating logs and friend- ly turtles to safety Full color high resolution action gaine with sound effects. Cassette SZO.OO Un-enpanded VIC 20 or Com- modore 64 Joystick required SKI-RUN Three different games in one, Oo'jvnhill. Slalom. Giant Slalorn. Eacli game iwilh nine skill levels. A race against Ihe clock tor the fastest time. In Downhill, dodge the many tfees and sntjwdrids keep- ing between the pathmarkers. Slalom adds a new dimension lo Ihe ga me with Slalom gates. Cassette S20.00 U n-ex pa nded VIC 20 or Com- modore 64 Keyboard only './i/U/^ i/'^a^ BACKGAMMON The tradttiona! game we ai know. You versus Ihe corn- puler, Huma n wits against the pKiwer and logic ot a com- puter. Three levels of play, beginner.novice.exporl Single keypress commands \^yi yoiir moves, ful! color graph ics with sounrieJfects. The computer plays a very strong game. Cassette S24.Q0 Commodore VICSOwtth 3K RAM Commodore 64 ASTEROIDS20 Pilot ;i ship in Ihe nndst ol an astero'd belt, destroy all ot Ihe asteroids beloie they smash the ship. A game tor the novice and expert The game starts with two asleroids and ir^croases wiitu each screen cleared up to lOQ Smashodasleioids split into smaller ones, auto increase of i?55 ypeed levels Cassette S24 00 Un-expanded ViC 20 Keyboard or Joyshck COSMIADS A fast actton gnrnr. rrfut- ticolo'ed altens o( dillereni types break out of formation al random and attack your laser base firing their Own deadly missiles. Full color super last action wilh Ihe mosS supert) sound effects, Features bonus ritothei ship etc. Cassette S24.00 Ur^-e;<pandedVIC-20 Keyboard or Joystick VIC 20ANDCOMMODOftE64AReTRAr>CMARKSOFCOMMODGRFaUSIfJrSSWACHII^eSir. AVAILABLE AT YOUB LOCAL STARTECH STARBASE OR IF IN DIFFlCUUrv DIRECT FROM STABTECK INC. 13450 MAXELLAAVE.. BUILDING G IBS. SUITE 200 MARINA DELREY, CA 90291 (CALiFORN lA RESIDENTS AD 6Vi% SALES TAX-} 1000 PRINT" (clear) " 1005 PR1NT"IF YOU WISH TO PLAY" : PRINT "AGAIN , PRESS THE FIRE BUTTON." 1010 PRINT"{PUR) IF NOT, THEN PRESS THE":PRIN T "JOYSTICK DOWN. " 1015 PRINT"YOUR SCORE: ";SC 1020 PRINT"YOUR TIME :";VAL(TI$) 1023 IFSC>=10000THENPRINT"{REVJ [redIyoU HAV E WONl (off 3" 1025 J=0 1030 J=PEEK(37151) 1035 IFJ=94THENRUN 1040 IFJ=118THENPOKE36869, 240: PRINT" [REV) HAWKMEN OF DINDRIN GAME TER MINATED (OFF]":END 1050 GOTO1025 270 280 290 300 310 ENERGY SCORE LIVES 500 ^ $» 4I» "Hawkmen OfDimirin," Atari version. Program 3: Hawkmen -Atari Version 100 REM ■imgras 1 10 REM »-lt:1r>^ 120 REM 130 REM Enter ri logo ke 1A0 GOSUB 530;! 150 POSITION 1 SITION 13-! 6;SCORE; 160 IF ENERGY< 170 RETURN 180 IF STICK{0 :PDKE 77,0 190 IF RND<0) >l RND(0> , 10«l 0L4< INT(4«! 200 IF RND<0)<i 210 POSITION I! D (0) >0.5) : 1 »6;CHR*(C) 220 IF PEEK (53: EN 440 230 COLOR PC: PI Y-l-9«(l-S 240 POSITION 1 >0)j" ";:II 250 NX=PX+l-2« )(<0) + (NX>1' X<0) 260 NY=NY+(ST= l'J4:m!A!lL KTn'R-i=1=«'H-1^-' with Ata V ENER6Y=500! GOTO 180 , 1;? «6;ENERGY;" " ; s PO LEN (STR* (SCORE) ), 1 : ? « =0 THEN 440 )<>15 THEN ST=STICK<0) 0.95 THEN POSITION 19* RND(0)+3:PUT #6,ASC<Fa RND (0>+l ) ) ) 0.7 THEN 220 NT <10«RND<0) ) *2, 20+ (RN C=33+2« (RND (0) >0.7J : ? ; CHR* (C+1 ) ; 252) OR PEEK (53253) TH LOT PX,PY:ENER6Y=eNER6 TRIG(0> ) , 1:? #6; ENERGY* (ENERGY F ENERGY<=0 THEN 440 (STICK (0)=1 1 ) :NY=PY-<N 9) :NX=NX*(NX<20)+20*(N 13) -<ST=14) : IF NY<3 OR 320 330 340 350 360 370 380 390 400 410 420 430 440 450 4 60 470 480 490 500 510 520 530 540 550 560 570 580 590 600 NV>20 THEN ST=27~ST: NY=PY LOCATE NX, NY, WHATSIT IF NY>19 THEN 2=PX t2-20« ( P X >9 > : L OCATE Z,NY"KPX>9) ,WHATSIT:eOTO 3 30 IF WHATS1T=32 THEN COLOR 32: PLOT PX, PY:PX=NX: PY=NY: GOTO 180 IF STRIG(0) THEN 440 COLOR 32:PLDT PX,PY:FOR W=15 TO STEP -0.5:SOUND 0, W , 1 2 , 8 i SOUND l,W,0,a:NEXT M SOUND 0, 0, 0,0:SOUND 1,0,0,0:WHAT SIT=32: SCORE=SCORE+10; ENERGY=ENE RGY-50:GOSUB 150:GOTO 280 ST=27-ST:IF WHATSIT<33 OR WHATSI T>34 THEN 360 POSITION Z,NY+(PX>9) :PUT #6,32:P UT «6,32:SCORE=SCORE+10:ENERGY=E NERGY+50 COLOR 32:PLDT PX , PY : PX=NX : SCORE= SCORE+50: GOSUB 150: GOTO 180 IF WHATSIT=32 THEN 180 REM GRftB -EM BHD EHl 'EM UP^F POKE DL+19, 112:POKE DL+20,4:COLO R 32:PL0T PX , PY POSITION Z,NY+(PX>9) sPUT C^iSyaP UT #6, 38: POSITION Z , NY-2+ ( P X : 9 ) ; PUT #6,42:PUT #6,36 SOUND 0, 255, 2, 15: FOR W=l TO 500: NEXT W:SOUND 0,0,0,0 POSITION Z, NY-4-(PX>9) iPUT #6,35:P UT «6, 36:P0S1TI0N Z , N V-2+ ( P X >9 ) : PUT #6,32:PUT #6,32 POKE DL+19, 6:POKE DL+20.6:GOTO 4 60 FOR 1=60 TO STEP -4:SOUND 0,1, 12, 1/4: POKE 53274, PEEK (53770) : SO UND 1 , I , 2, I /4: POKE 53274 , PEEK ( 53 770) COLOR ASC (EXPL* ( 16-1 74) ): PLOT PX , PY: POKE 53274, PEEK (53770): NEXT I COLOR 32: IF LIFE<3 THEN PLOT 15+ LIFE*2, 1 PLOT PX,PY:LIFE = L1FE+1: IF LIFE.;4 THEN ENER6Y=500: eOSUB 770:GOTO 180 POKE 53S,0:POKE 53248, 0:PDKE 532 49,0:SOUIMD 2 , , , ; SOUND 3,0.0.0 COLOR 32:PLOT 0,5:DRAWTD 19,5:PL OT 0,7:DRAWTO 1 9 , 7 : POS I T I ON 5 , 5 : ■^ #iS; "GEmla oCJEB" POSITION 5,7:? #6; "press aOIEij" : POKE 53279,8 IF PEEK(53279) <>6 THEN 510 RUN REM i m* z k*^t-Am*-Ji\*ti rr CHSET= (PEEK ( 106) -12) «256: IF PEEK (CHSET+8)=2 THEN 600 POKE 88,0:POKE 89 , CHSET/ 256-4 : ? CHR* ( 125) : REM L>i » =KliJ' T 4^ T -3iU. GRAPHICS 18:SETC0LQR 4,0,10:POSI TION 4,5:? «6;"THE HAWKMEN":PaS ITIDN 5,7:? *6; " Kla r Hi r iJl. " ' = SFTC OLOR 1,4,4 DL=PEEK (560) +256* PEEK (561) +4 POKE DL+12, 6:P0SITI0N 1,11:? #6; "ready in EE seconds"; GOSUB 890: GOSUB 800 GRAPHICS 17:DL=PEEK (560) +256»PEE K(561)+4:DIM FOOL* ( 4 ) , PC* (4 ) , E XP 94 COMPUTE! June1V83 Why use other computer media when you could be using ScotcK high quality error free media? Get Scotch Diskettes Directly From Communications Electronics There's a lot of valuable data stored on the diskettes in your computer or word processing system. In 1981, a diskette manufacturer calculated that the "true cost of a diskette" was $1 86.50 after data loading. With inflation, the actual cost is well over S200.00 today. That is why you don't want to use just any diskette, you want the high reliability and quality of Scotch diskettes. You can trust Scotch diskettes to deliver that accuracy because each diskette is tested before it leaves the factory and is certified error-free. That means fewer errors and less lost data. Flexible discs may look alike, but they don't all perform alike. Scotch diskettes can deliver all the perform- ance you'll ever need. The low abrasivity of Scotch diskettes, 32% below industry average, saves wear and tearon your read/write heads, which means fewer service calls due to head problems. Longer and more reliable service is yours when you buy Scotch diskettes since they far exceed the industry standard durability tests. Finally, your Scotch diskettes are packaged in units of 10, com- plete with color-coded labels (except bulk product) to make your filing easier. Flexible Disc Quantity Discounts Available Scotch diskettes are packed 1 discs to a carton and five cartons to a case. Please order only in increments of 1 00 units for quantity 100 pricing. We are also willing to accommodate your smaller orders. Quantities less than 1 00 units are available in increments of 1 units at a 1 0% surcharge. Quantity discounts are also available. Order 500 or more discs at the same time and deduct 1 %; 1 ,000 or more saves you 2%; 2,000 or more saves you 3%; 5,000 or more saves you 4%; 10,000 or more saves you 5%; 25,000 or more saves you 6%; 50,000 or more saves you 7% and 1 00,000 or more discs earns you an 8% discount off our super low quantity 100 price. Almost all Scotch diskettes are immediately available from CE. Our ware- house facilities are equipped to help us get you the quality product you need, when you need it. If you need further assistance to find the flexible disc that's right for you, call the 3M/Scotch flexible disc compatibility hotline. Dial toll- free 800-328-1 300 and ask for the Data Recording Prod- ucts Division. In Minnesota or outside the United States dial 61 2-736-9625 between 9 AM to 4 PM Central Time. SAVE OM SCOTCH FLCXIBLB DISCS Producl Description Part # 8" SSSD IBM Compatible (1 28 B/S, 26 Sectorsl 740-0 8" Same as above, but bulk pacit w/o envelope 740-OB SSSD Shugart Compatible, 32 Hard Sector 740-32 SSSD OPT 8000 Compatible, Soft Sector 740-0-8000 SSDD IBM Compatible (128 B/S, 26 Sectors) 741-0 DSDD Soft Sector (Unformatted) 743-0 DSDD Soft Sector (256 B,'S, 26 Sectors) 743-0/256 DSDD Soft Sector (5 1 2 B/S, 1 5 Sectors) 743-0/51 2 DSDD Soft Sector (1024 B/S. 8 Sectors) 743-0/1024 i" SSDD Soft Sector w/Hub Ring 744D-0RH 8" 8" 8" 8" 8" 6" 8" 5%' 5V.' 5"/.' 5'A' 5'/* Same as above, but bulk pack w/o envelope 744 D-ORHB SSDD 10 Hard Sector w/Hub Ring 744D-10RH SSDD 16 Hard Sector w/Hub Ring 744D-16RH DSDD Soft Sector w/Hub Ring 745-ORH DSDD 10 Hard Sector w/Hub Ring 74S-10RH 5'A" DSDD 16 Hard Sector w/Hub Ring 745-1 6RH 5V." SSQD Soft Sector w/Hub Ring (96 TPI) 746-ORH SVV DSQD Soft Sector w/Hub Ring (96 TPI) 747-ORH SSSD = Single Sided Single Density: SSDD = Single Sided Double DSDD = Double Sided Double Density; SSQD = Single Sided Quad DSQD = Double Sided Quad Density; TPI = Tracks per inch. CE quant. 100 price per disc IS) 2.19 1.99 2.19 2.89 2.89 3.49 3.49 3.49 3.49 2.34 2.14 2.34 2.34 3.09 3.09 3.09 2.99 3.99 Density: Density; Save on Scotch Static Control Floor Mats Scotch Velostat Electrically Conductive Floor Mats, drain static charge before it can cause serious problems with computer or word processing equipment. Order number 1853 isablack4' x5'size matwith lip. Cost is $170.00 each. Order number 9453 is the same mat, but the color is earthtone brown, which is designed to blend with any office decor. Cost on the 9453 mat is $259.00 each. All Velostat mats come complete with 15 feet of ground cord. All matsare shipped freight collect. Save on Scotch Data Cartridges Scotch Data Garfridges are available from CE in three different configurations. The DC100A data cartridge is a small version of the DC300A data cartridge. The DCl 00 A contains 1 40 feet o(0. 1 50" tape in a package measuring 2.4 x3.2 xO.5 inches. Cost isSI 4.00 each. The DC300A is a pre-loaded tape cartridge containing 300 feet of one mil thick by w computer tape. The DC300A costs SI 8.00 each. The DC300XL is an extra length data cartridge with 450 feet of tape. II is the same size and interchangeable with the DC300A. The DG300XL provides a total storage capacity of 34.5 million bits at 1 600 BPI. The cost of the DC300XL is $22.00 each. Scotch Head Cleaning Diskettes- Helps Cut Downtime When the read/write heads on iniornnation processing machines are dirty, that can causeyou a lot of grief. Now.. .with Scotch brand head cleaning diskettes, you can clean the read/write heads on the diskette drives yourself in just 30 seconds and as otten as they need it. Simply apply the cleaning solution to the special white cleaning fabric. Insert the cleaning diskette into the drive and access the heads for 30 seconds. That's all there is to it. Regular use of the head cleaning diskettes can save you much of the grief caused by dirty heads. We recommend you use thenn once a week, or more often if your system gets heavy use. Each kit contains two head cleaning diskettes, and enough solution for 30 cleanings. Order # 5-CLE is for 5%" drives and order # 8-CLE is (or 8" drives. Only $25.00 each plus $3.00 shipping per kit. Buy with Confidence To get the fastest delivery from CE of your Scotch computer products, send or phone yourorder directly to ourComputer Products Division. Besure tocalculate your price using the CE prices in this ad. Ivlichigan residents please add 4% sales tax or supply your tax I.D. number. Written purchase orders are accepted from approved government agencies and most well rated firms at a 30% surcharge for net 30 billing. All sales are subject to availability, acceptance and verification. All sales are final. Prices, terms and specifications are subject to change without notice. All prices are in U.S. dollars. Out of stock items will be placed on backorder automatically unless CE is instructed differently. Minimum prepaid order S50.00. Minimum purc/iase order $200.00. International orders are invited with a $20.00 surcharge for special handling in addition to shipping charges. All shipments are F.O.B. Ann Arbor, ivlichigan. No COD's please. Non-certified and foreign checks require bank clearance. For shipping charges add $8.00 per 100 diskettes and/or any traction of 1 00 8-inch diskettes, or $6.00 per 1 00 diskettes and/orany fraction of 100 5 '/<- in eft mini-discs. For cleaning kits, add S3.00 per kit. For tape data cartridges, add $1 .00 per cartridge, for U.P.S. ground shipping and handling in the continental United States. Mail orders to: Communications Electronics, Box 1002, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48106 U.S.A. If you have a MasterCard orVisa card, you may call and placeacredit card order. Order toll-free in the U.S. Dial 800-521 -441 4. If you are outside the U.S. or in Michigan, dial 313-994-4444. Order your Scotch computer products from Communications Electronics today. Copyright '1982 Communications Electronics' Ad #120182 (MasterCard ijEMBEH ^m mm DHIECI MUL MtHEIHie*5S0CI«TI0li Order Toil-Free! (800)521-4414 In Michigan (313)994-4444 AuthorizeO Distributor COMMUNICATIONS ELECTRONICS" Computer Products Division 854 Phoenix D Box 1002 D Ann Arbor, Michigan 481 06 U.S.A. Call TOLL-FREE (800) 521 -4414 or outlido U.S.A. (31 3) 994-4444 APPLE PET/G CP/MDISKS DISKETTES DYNACOMP The Leading Distributor Of Microcomputer Software PRESENTS PERSONAL FINANCE SYSTEM: One of the most complete financial management packages available. Keeps track of all tax deductible items, bank deposits, monthly charges, cash payments and more. Personal Finance System automatically deducts check fees, gives complete finan- cial summaries for any category on a per item, monthly or yearly basis, prints results in detail or summary form, and even plots results on a monthly bar graph. Available on diskette/disk only. Price $39.95 (diskette); $42.45 (disk). BRIDGE MASTER " After years of success with BRIDGE 2.0, we have decided to not simply upgrade this popular card program, but to totally rewrite it! the result is BRIDGE MASTER, the best overall bridge package available. BRIDGE MASTER BIDS according to the Ooren point count system. It PLAYS following the conventions. It SCORES according to the rules of duplicate bridge. BRIDGE MASTER'S features include continuous display of the bid and score during play, attractive screen display, score keeping and analysis, 1,000,000 different hands, and more! BRIDGE MASTER has received rave reviews and an "A" for value (The Book of Atari Software 1983). Available on diskette only. Requires 48K. Price: $29.95 (diskette); $32.45 (disk) THESE ARE ONLY TWO OF THE HUNDREDS OF PROGRAMS AVAILABLE FROM THE DYNACOMP LIBRARY OF SOFT- WARE PROGRAMS: Business/Utilities Adventure Personal Finance Games Education Thought Provokers Statistics Card Games ■ Engineering ■ Hardware ■ Supplies ■ And Much, Much More! Besides being the leading distributor of microcomputer software, DYNACOMP currently distributes software in over 60 countries. DYNACOMP provides FRIENDLY, ACCESSIBLE CUSTOMER SERVICE through our highly qualified and knowledgeable staff. WE'RE AS NEAR AS YOUR TELEPHONE. DYNACOMP' S prices are highly competitive and we promise prompt processing of every order! WRITE FOR A FREE, DETAILED CA TALOG Daytime Toll Free Order Phones: (800) 828-6772 (800) 828-6773 24 Hour Message and Order Phone: (716) 442-8731 Office Hotline: 9-5 E.S.T. (716) 442-8960 DYNACOMP, INC. 1427 Monroe Avenue • Rochester, NY 14618 L* ( 16) : RESTORE 630 610 FOR 1=1 TO 4:READ A : FOOL* ( I ) =CHR *(A):NEXT I : FOR 1=1 TO 4:READ A: PC* ( I ) =CHR* (A) : NEXT I 620 FOR 1=1 TO 16:READ A : EXPL* < I > =CH R* <A) ; NEXT I 630 DATA 41,169,9,137,43,171,11,139, 44, 172, 12, 140, 45, 173, 13, 141, 46, 1 74, 14, 142,47, 175, 15, 143 640 POKE DL-l,71:POKE DL+2,7:P0KE DL +21,4:P0KE DL+22,4:POKE DL+23,4: POKE DL+24, 4: POKE 756 , CHSET/ 256 650 SETCOLOR , 1 3 , 1 4 : SETCOLOR 1,7,12 iSETCOLOR 2, 12, 8: SETCOLOR 3,4,14 iSETCDLOR 4,5,4 660 POSITION 0,0:? #6; "EMnHISS score 670 POSITION 0,1;? #6;" 500 {8 SPACESJ0 ■' ; PC* (2, 2) ; ■■ " ; PC* ( 3,3) ; " " ; PC* (4,4); 680 POSITION 0,22:FOR 1=0 TO 19:PUT «6,39:PUT #6,40:NEXT I 690 POSITION 0,20:FOR 1=0 TO 19:PUT #6,33:PUT «6,34:NEXT I 700 POSITION 10,20:PUT «6,35:PUT #6, 36 710 PMBASE=CHSET-1024: P0=PMBASE+S 1 2 : Pl = P0-H2a:POKE 54279, PMBASE/256: POKE 559,46:POKE 53277, 3;PDKE 62 3,32 720 POKE 704 , 4*16+8: POKE 705,14;POKE 53256,1: POKE 53257,1 730 RESTORE 740rFOR 1=0 TO 4:READ A: POKE P0+90+I , A: NEXT I : FOR 1=0 TO 2;READ A:POKE P I +9 1 +1 , A : NE XT I 740 DATA 12,30,255.8.6,4,240,2 750 FOR 1=1 TO 5:pbsiTIDN 19*RND(0), 10»RND <0) +3: R=INT (4*RND <0> +1 ) :? #6; FOOL* <R,R) : NEXT I 760 SOUND 2, 0, 12, 2: SOUND 3,0,12,2:A= USR ( 1664) 770 PX=5:PY = 5:PC=ASC(PC« <LIFE+1 ,LIFE +1)):C0L0R PC;PLDT PX,PY:POkE 53 278, 780 IF STICK<0)=15 THEN 780 790 RETURN 800 RESTORE 810:FOR 1=1664 TO 1710:R EAD A:POKE I,A:NEXT I : RETURN 810 DATA 104,169,139,141,40,2 820 DATA 169,6,141,41,2,230,203,230, 203 830 DATA 230,203,165,203,141,0 840 DATA 208,141,1,208,141,6,210 850 DATA 73,255,141,4,210,173,244,2 860 DATA 73,12,141,244,2,169 870 DATA 2,141,26,2,96 880 GOTO 880 890 FOR 1=128 TO 47 1 : Z=PEEK ( 57344+ I ) :POKE CHSET+I , Z:POKE CHSET+I+102 4,Z:NEXT I 900 RESTORE 940 910 READ A: IF A=-l THEN RETURN 920 FOR J=0 TO 7:READ B:PDKE CHSET+A *8+J,B:NEXT J:GOTD 910 930 DATA 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 940 DATA 1,2,9,9,9,9,9,2,0 950 DATA 2,160,88,88,88,88,88,160,0 960 DATA 3,12,3,16,196,195,63,3,3 970 DATA 4,0,192,252,236,252,240,192 , 192 980 DATA 5,3,35,131,139,139,17 1,35,3 990 DATA 6,192,192,224,232,202,194,1 94, 200 1000 DATA 7,64,80,84,85,85,85,85,85 1(?10 DATA 8,1,5,21,85,85,85,85,85 1020 DATA 9,0,102,219,36,126,137,66, 60 1030 DATA 10,0,15,0,51,63,15,15,3 1040 DATA 128,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 1050 DATA 129,2,9,9,9,9,9,2,0 1060 DATA 130,160,88,88,88,88,88,160 1070 DATA 131,12.3,0,192,195,63,3,3 1080 Df\JP< 132,0,192,252,204,252,240, 192, 192 1090 DATA 133.3,3,35,171,139,139,131 ,35 1100 DATA 134,192,200,194,194,202,23 2, 224, 192 1110 DATA 135,64,80,84,85,85,85,85,8 5 1120 DATA 136,1,5,21,85,85,85,85,85 1130 DATA 137,129,102,90,36,126,82,3 6, 24 1140 DATA 138,0,15,0,48,63,3,15,15 1150 DATA 11,153,219,231,255,90,24,3 6, 66 1160 DATA 139,24,90,231,255,219,153, 36, 66 1170 DATA 12,217,219,231,75,2,24,36, 66 1180 DATA 13,216,225,235,69,7,2,40,6 6 1190 DATA 14,192,192,145,3,67,1,72,1 30 1200 DATA 15.192,128,8,1,1,0,16,128 1210 DATA 140,217,219,247,99,22,24,3 6,68 1220 DATA 141,216,225,227,71,23,130, 32, 66 1230 DATA 142,192,200,129,3,131,1,64 , 130 1240 DATA 143,192,144,0,1,1,0,8,128 1250 DATA -1 "Hnwknwn OfDindrui," Couunodore 64 version. Program 4: Hawkmen - Commodore 64 Version 100 REM HAWKMEN OF DINDRIN 110 REM COMMODORE 64 VERSION 120 POKE5 2,48:POKE56,48:CLR:GOSUB500:EN=50 0: GOTO 160 June 1963 COMPirrt) 97 130 PRINT" I HOME }UeV] { RED] "; TAB(9 )" {LEFT] " ; EN ; " [ BLU } " ; TAB ( 26-LEN C STR$ ( SC ) ) ) ;SC; 140 IF EN<=0THEN410 150 RETURN 160 IFCPEEK(56321)AND15) <> 15THEKJS=PEEK ( 56 321)AND15 170 IFRND ( 1 ) > . 9THENQ=LL* RND ( 1 ) + ( 1 5 *RND ( 1 ) + 2 ) *LL : POKET+Q, FOOL : POKEC+Q , 6 * RND ( l)+2 180 IFRND(1)<.7THEN200 190 Q=920+INT(20*RND(1))*2:Z=33-2*(RND(1)> .7) : POKET+Q, Z:POKET+Q+l, Z+1 200 IFPEEK(V+31)THEN410 210 Q=PX+LL*PY : POKET+Q , PC : POKEC+Q , 6 : EN=EN- 1-9* (1-(PEEK( 5632 1)AND16)/16) 215 PRINT "{HOME} [rev] {rED] "TAB{9) ; "{LEFT] " ;-EN*(EN>0) ; "(LEFT] " ; : IFEN<=0THEN410 220 NX=PX+1+2*(JS=11) :NY=PY+(NX<0)-(NX>39) :NX=-NX*(NX<40)-40*(NX<0) 230 NY=NY-(JS=13)+(JS=14) : IFNY<20RNY>23THE njs=2 7-js:ny=py 240 whatsit=peekCt+nx+ll*ny) 250 if ny>22 then 300 260 ifwhatsit=3 2thenpoket+px+ll*py, 32 : px=n x:py=ny:goto160 270 IFPEEK(56321)AbJD16THEN410 280 POKET+PX+LL*PY,32 :P0KES+24, 15:POKES+5, 9 : POKES+6 , : POKES+1 , 10 281 FORI=0TO10: POKES, 1*20 : POKES+4, 32 : POKES +4, 33 :NEXT: POKES + 24, 290 WHATSIT=32 : SC=SC+10 : EN=EN-50 : GOSUB130 : GOTO2 50 300 JS=2 7-JS:IFWHATSIT<3 30RWHATSIT>34THEN3 30 305 Q=CNXAtJD254)+LL*NY:POKET+Q, 32:POKET+Q+ 1,32 :EN=EN+50 310 GOTO320 288 POKET+PX+LL*PY, 32 :Q=LL*NY+NX : POKET+Q, 3 7 : POKET+Q+1 , 38 : POKET+Q-LL, 42 320 POKET+PX+LL*PY,32:PX=NX:SC=SC+50:GOSUB 130:GOTO160 330 IFWH=32THEN160 340 REM GRAB 'EM AND EAT 'EM UPl 350 POKET+PX+LL*PY, 32 :Q=LL*NY+ (NXAND2 54 ) :P OKET+Q, 37 : POKET+Q+1 , 38 : POKET+Q-LL , 42 360 POKET+Q-LL+1 ,36: POKEC+Q-LL ,13: POKEC+Q- LL+1,13 370 POKES+24, 15 : POKES+X , : POKES , 255 : POKES+ 3,8:POKES+2,0:POKES+5, 12 : POKES+6, 375 POKES+4, 64: POKES+4, 65 :FORW=lTOl 500 :NEX T : POKES+4 , 64 : FORL=STOS+24 : POKEL , :NEXT 380 POKE T+Q, 33: POKET+Q+1, 34: POKET+Q-LL, 32 : POKET+Q-LL+1, 32 390 GOTO 430 400 REM PLAYER MEETS HIS DEMISE 410 POKES+24, 15:POKES+5,9:POKES+6,0:POKES, 200 420 FORI=0TO90STEP6:Q=PX+LL*PY: POKET+Q, 44+ l/30: POKEC+Q, 8*RND(1) 42 5 POKE5 3280, 16*RND(1) ; POKES+1 , I: POKES+4, 128; POKES+4 ,12 9: NEXT 427 FORL=STOS+24: POKEL, 0: NEXT 430 POKE5 3 280 , : IFLI<3THENPOKET+35+LI*2 , 32 440 POKET+PX+LL*PY, 32 : Z=PEEK( V+31 ) :LI=LI+1 : IFLI <4THENEN=500 :GOSUB720 : GOTO160 450 SYS52992:REM TURN OFF ML 460 PRINT" {home} [03 DOWN j { REV] " ; TAB( 15 ) ; " { blk]g{red}a{cyn}m{pur}e[right}{ grn]o[blu]v{yel}e{red]r{blu}" 470 PRINTTAB(7) "{DOWNHREV} PRESS {RED} FIRE 98 COMPUTE! June19B3 {BLU] to play AGAIN" 480 IF{PEEK(56321)AND16)THEN480 490 RUN 500 REM INITIALIZATION 510 POKE53280,0:POKE53281, 1 515 T=1024:C=55296:S=54272:LL=40 520 CHSET=12288:IFPEEK(CHSET+264)=2 THEN 5 70 530 PRINT" {CLEAR] " :C$=" {BLK} {RED] {CYN} { PUR] {GRN} {YEL} {BLU}" :F0RI=1T07:PR INT" {home] {D0WN}";MID$(C$,I,1); :G OSUB2000:NEXT 550 PRINTTAB(10)"{03 DOWN] {02 RIGHT] {BLK}R EADY IN [RED] 22 {BLK] SECONDS"; 560 GOSUB750:GOSUB 840 570 PRINT" {clear] "; :F00L=41 575 F0RL=ST0S+24: POKEL, 0: NEXT 580 PC=43:POKE5 32a2, 10 : POKE53283 , 2 590 POKE 53272, (PEEK{53272)AND240)OR12:REM ENABLE NEW CHARACTER SET 500 POKE 53270, PEEK(53270)OR16 : REM SET MU LTI COLOR MODE 610 PRINT" {home] (red} {REV) ENERGY 500 { BLU] SCORE {GRN] LIVES { OFF] {PUR]+ + +" 630 FORI=0TO39STEP2:Q=24*LL+I: POKET+Q, 39 :P OKET+Q+1 , 40 : POKEC+Q , 7 : POKEC+Q+1 , 7 ; NEXT 640 FORI=0TO39STEP2 : Q=2 3 *LL+I: POKET+Q, 33 :P OKET+Q+1 , 34 : POKEC+Q ,13: POKEC+Q+1 , 1 3 : NEXT 650 Q=10+23*LL: POKET+Q, 35 :P0KET+Q+1, 36 660 V=53248:REM START OF VIC-II CHIP REGIS TERS 670 POKEV,220:POKEV+1,194:POKEV+21, 1 : POKEV +3 9,7:POKE2040,13 680 POKEV+23,1 :POKEV+29,l :POKE53285, 3 : POKE 53286,4:POKE53 2 76,PEEK{53 276)ORl 681 FORI=0TO63 : POKE83 2 + 1 , : NEXT : RESTORE 685 FORI =0TO18 : READA : POKE83 2 +8+1 , A : NEXT 690 DATAl 92, 0,3, 240, 0,1 5, 124, 85, 95, 2 5 5, 0,1 2,8,0,3,0,0,0,240 700 FORI=1TO5:Q=40*RND( 1 )+( 10*RND{ 1 ) +3 ) *LL : POKET+Q , FOOL : POKEC+Q, 6 *RND ( 1 ) +2 : NEXT 710 SYS52992:REM START ML ROUTINE 720 PX=5 : PY=5 : PC=43 : POKET+PX+LL*Py, PC : POKE C+PX+LL*PY,6 7 30 IF(PEEK(56321)AND15)=I5THEN730 740 RETURN 750 RESTORE : FORI=0TO1 8 : READA : NEXT : FORI=0TO 96 : READA: POKE5 2 992+1 , A: NEXT : RETURN 760 DATA 120,173,21,3,201,234,208,19 770 DATA 169,39,141,20,3,169,207,141 780 DATA 21,3,169,0,133,251,133,252 790 DATA 76,37,207,169,49,141,20,3 802 DATA 169,234,141,21,3,88,96,165 804 DATA 251,141,0,208,173,16,208,41 806 DATA 254,5,252,141,16,208,24,165 808 DATA 251,105,4,133,251,165,252,105 810 DATA 0,133,252,240,12,165,251,201 812 DATA 91,144,6,169,0,133,251,133 814 DATA 252,165,162,74,144,8,173,24 816 DATA 208,73,2,141,24,208,76,49 818 DATA 234 840 POKB56334,PEEK(563 34)AND2 54:POKEl,PEEK U)AND251 841 FORI=0TO511 :P0KE13312+I,PEEK{54272+I) : POKE15360+I,PEEK(54272+I) :NEXT 842 POKE1,PEEK(1)OR4:POKE56334, PEEK(56334) ORl 860 READA: IFA=-1THENRETURN 870 FORJ=0TO7 : READS : POKECHSET+A*8+J , B : NEXT J:GOTO860 £«:%:(• ^-Ji---; 4-llJ — I AN ASTRONOMICAL VALUE AND IIP. TkT i ar PRINTERS CALL: (303) 27d-2848 or (800) 525-7877 .^11 1! ^11 WW THE COMPUTER LINE, INC. GOLDEN, COLORADO Offer void outside the Milky Way B^^i^^'^^^ W^^HPJf'-j ^ /J*--, : -"T^'i KhB^'*'-: '^-'"■' - . '^----C^Snl^^H '' - .^''-t'.^3^^^^^^H ■/ij^^^^H •'S';.'t'^^a , r... - : ■■-•^f.!;^^ ■ . ■ ■ • ■ .'■ "i-ts- ■ ■ ■ . '. -- ':j;~^ ■ -»' 880 DATA 32,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 890 DATA 33,2,9,9,9,9,9,2,0 900 DATA 34,160,88,88,88,88,88,160,0 910 DATA 35,12,3,16,196,195,63,3,3 920 DATA 36,0,192,252,236,252,240,192,192 930 DATA 37,3,35,131,139,139,171,35,3 940 DATA 38,192,192,224,232,202,194,194,20 950 DATA 39,64,80,84,85,85,85,85,85 960 DATA 40,1,5,21,85,85,85,85,85 970 DATA 41,0,102,219,36,126,137,66,60 980 DATA 42,0,15,0,51,63,15,15,3 990 DATA 288,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 1000 DATA 289,2,9,9,9,9,9,2,0 1010 DATA 290,160,88,88,88,88,80,160,0 1020 DATA 291,12,3,0,192,195,63,3,3 1030 DATA 292,0,192,252,204,252,240,192,192 1040 DATA 293,3,3,35,171,139,139,131,35 1050 DATA 294,192,200,194,194,202,232,224,1 92 1060 DATA 295,64,80,04,85,85,85,85,85 1070 DATA 296,1,5,21,85,85,85,85,85 1080 DATA 297,129,102,90,36,126,82,36,24 1090 DATA 298,0,15,0,48,63,3,15,15 1100 DATA 43,153,219,231,255,90,24,36,66 1110 DATA 299,24,90,231,255,219,153,36,66 1120 DATA 44,217,219,231,75,2,24,36,66 1130 DATA 45,216,225,235,69,7,2,40,56 1140 DATA 46,192,192,145,3,67,1,72,130 1150 DATA 47,192,128,8,1,1,0,16,128 1160 DATA 300,217,219,247,99,22,24,36,68 1170 DATA 301,216,225,227,71,23,130,32,66 1180 DATA 302,192,200,129,3,131,1,64,130 1190 DATA 303,192,144,0,1,1,0,8,128 1200 DATA -1 2000 PRINT'! £rEV) {02 RIGHT} {02 RIGHTJ 2 right} [03 RIGHT] {RIGHT} {02 RIGHT] [right] {03 RIGHT] {RIGHT] [right] [03 RIGHT] " 2010 PRINT" [REV] [02 RIGHT] {RIGHT} [02 RIGHT} [right] {03 RIGHT] [RIGHT] [right] [02 RIGHT] [RIGHT] [ RIGHT] [03 right] {02 RIGHT] " 2020 PRINT" [rev] [right] [RIGHT] right] [right] [right] [03 RIGHT RIGHT] [right] [right] [RIGHT] [ 03 right] [right] [right] '■ 2030 PRINT" [rev] [02 RIGHT] [RIGHT] (02 right] [right] [right] [right] [ right] {right] [02 right] [03 right] [right] [03 right] [02 right] 2040 PRINT" [rev] {02 right] {RIGHT right] {02 right] [right] {02 RIGHT] {02 right] [riGHT] {03 right] [right] [right] [03 right] (03 DOWN]" 2060 PRINTSPCflS) ; "[reV]_) 2070 PRINTSPC(15) ,- "[REV] right} " 2080 PRINTSPC(15) r "[rev] right] 2090 PRINTSPC(15); "[rev] right] " 2100 PRINTSPC(15); "_EREV] 2 DOWN ] " 2110 PRINT" {rev) [02 RIGHT] [RIGHT] [03 RIGHT] [right] [02 RIGHT] " [02 RIGHT] [right] [03 RIGHT] ~ II 2120 PRINT" [rev] i02 RIGHT] [02 RIGHT] E 03 right] [02 R_GHT] [right] [02 right] [right] [02 right] [02 100 COMPUTE! June1<?83 RIGHT] [02 right] 2130 PRINT" [rev] [02 03 right] {right] { {02 right] {right] [02 right] {right] 2140 PRINT" [rev] (02 03 RIGHT] (02 RIGHT RIGHT] [RIGHT] [02 RIGHT] [02 RIGHT] ( 2150 PRINT" {rev] [03 right] [right] 03 right] [right] right] " 2160 RETURN [02 right] " right) (02 right] [ right] [right] [03 right] ~ [right] " right] {02 right] [ 1 [right] (02 right] [02 02 right] 02 right] (right] ■ (02 right] { (right] [03 Use the card in the back of this magazine tc crder ycur COMPUTE! Books _(02 right] [02 right] [02 [02 right] [02 right] (02 (off]) [rev] (0 EXPiySRK i^ NEWimME^«lC)N IN SOFimRE When you reach the stage where you need more sophisticated software to help you with business and other applications, explore the programming power and flexibility available to you with systems software from OSS. C/65 — Another Powerful First from OSS C/65 is the first commercially-available C compiler for both the Atari and Apple machines which actually produces assembly language output. C/65 supports a very usable subset of the extremely powerful and popular C language. Just as C is used by the most sophisticated programmers from the professional and academic communities, so shall C/65 prove to be a powerful and much-needed too! for 6502 software developers. C/65 supports INTegers and CfiARacters, arrays thereof and pointers thereto. Naturally, it also features full recursion, easy assembler interface, ^INCLUDE, and a non-macro version of ^DEFINE. AUTOmatic, global and EXTERNal variables are also available. When used with our MAC/65 assembler, C/6S is a powerful and flexible tool. ..$80.00 A Strong Software Family Ofhcr major systems software products from OSS include: BASIC A + MAC/65 TINYC BUG/65 the only logical upgrade to Atari BASIC with extra features for games and business programs. ...S80. 00 the finest and fastest complete 6502 macro assembler/editor package you can buy. ...580,00 for structured programming, an easy-to-use inter- preter, a learning tool...,S99.95 a powerful, self-relocatable debugger. FREE vvilh MAC/65... .534. 95 And More... OS/A-I-, the first and finest operating system for BOTH Atari and Apple II computers, is NOW included FREE as a part of every OSS systems software package. OS/A-F features a keyboard-driven, easy-to-use command processor, several simple resident commands, and logical and readable requests for even the most sophisticated utility commands. Versions of OS/A+ for some higher capacity drives are available at extra cost. NOTE: Unless otherwise noted, all OSS products require 481C and at least one disk drive. ASK YOUR DEALER, or call or write for our brochure. ATARI, AIM'LE li, jnd TINY C are Irademarlcs uf Atari, int.. Apple Computer, Inc., and Tinv C Associiles. rtspeclivcly. MAC.'oS, C'45, BASIC A -I-, BUG '65, and OS A+ are trademarks of Optimized Systems Software, inc. Optimized Systems Software, Inc. 10379 Lansdale Avenue • Cupertino • California • 95014 • (408) 446-3099 Bee Trap Robert L Lykins You're a scout who leads worker bees - one at a time - from the bottom of the screen to the flower bed at the top. Beware the Venus Bee Traps along the way. Ver- sions for VIC, Atari, ami the TRS-80 Color Computer. Spring has sprung. The air is dear and cool; a light- northerly breeze carries the fresh scent of new flowers. A hum fills the air as seemingly lost bees from the southern colony, lured by the sweet winds, fly lazily toward the flower bed. The Queen's Commission Alas, all is not as rosy as it seems. As the midday sun warms the soil between the colony and the flowers, strangely beautiful, enticing blossoms appear throughout the field. Unknown to the lost worker bees, these are not gentle flowers. They are deadly Venus Bee Traps. As Guide Bee, you must take the lost bees safely to the flower bed. You are credited only for the bees you take (one at a time), not those that find the flowers on their own. You lose credit for one bee if you enter the flower bed empty-handed. If 50 bees meet a fateful end or if vou are caught by a Venus Bee Trap yourself, you lose your com- mission as Guide. Multicolor Grapliics This program is a good example of the value of multicolor graphics on the VIC. By POKEing the character color location with a number ranging from 8 to 15 (instead of the usual to 7), you get not only a different color but also a different char- acter shape. The bees are really asterisks and the Venus Bee Traps are club symbols. To illustrate this mode, first POKE in the screen and border color combination desired. This is important because these colors play a role in the color and apparent shape of the mulhcolor mode characters. Next, POKE 646 with a number from 8 to 15. Then type characters from the keyboard to see the resulting shape and color combinations. Beautiful designs may be drawn by repeating the same character many times. Make this easier by POKEing 650 with #128. This makes all keys repeat. 102 COMPlOl! June 1983 Keyboard Play For play without a joystick, add KB = 197 to line 10 and eliminate lines 3, 5, 7, 30, 32, 35, and 40. Change FIRE BUTTON to SPACE BAR in line 120 and line 3400. Eliminate line 312. Re-enter the following hnes: 130 IFPEEK(KB)<>32THEN130 310 REM READ KEYS: Y (UP), B (DOWN), G (LEFT), H (RIGHT) 315 IFPEEK(KB) = llTHENDl = Dl -22 :GOTO 335 320 IFPEEK(KB) = 3STHEND1 = Dl -1 :GOTO 335 325 IFFEEK(KB) = 19THEND1 = Dl -1 :GOTO 335 330 IFPEEK(KB) = 43THEND1 = Dl + 1 3415 IFPEEK(KB) = 32THEN1S0 Readers who would like a tape copy of this program may send $3 with a blank tape and a self-addressed, stamped mailer to: Robert L. Lykins P.O. Box 8140 Anclwrage, AK 99508 Atari And TRS-80 Color Computer Version Notes For Bee Trap To piay these versions of Bee Trap vou follow the same rules as the VIC version. A guide bee safely leads stTa\- jees to the flower bed while avoiding the deadiv Venus Bee Trip The guide is controlled with the iovstick.. On the Atari, plug rhe jovstic^ mro ontroiier lack #1; on the Color Computer plug the iovstick into the rn^ht port The game end^ eittier wnen 50 losi r»ees have been taken ■-'\ he Venus Bee Traps or when the guide oee joliides with i Bee Trap .Ah rhe guidf ne* ■><• -.ure no* ro ''nier :h«^' ^iower 'led withiiii i>s( bee Tf>rriblest>unds will resul: and ■> i \u> oe npnalized >>ne >:redi' THERE^ A COMPUTER BORN EVERY MINUTE... GIVE IT A HOME. For $o9*95 with the CS-1632 you can house your computer. peripherals, and accessories without spending a fortune. For those with a large computer family the CS-Z748 gives you all the room you need for your computer, monitor, printer, peripherals, software, etc. at a price that's hard to believe: S299.95. The CS-1532 computer storage cabinets compact yet functional design fits almost anywhere while housing your computer monitor, joysticks, software, books and peripherals all for only $89.95. The slide out shelf puts the computer at the right height and position for easy comfortable operation. The fold up locking door keeps unwanted fingers off the key board when not in use. To store joysticks just turn them upside dowfn and slide them into the inverted storage rack. Twist tabs on the back of center panel allow for neat concealed grouping of wires, while power packs rest hidden behind center panel on shelf. The slide out software tray has room for 14 cartridges or cassettes and up to 30 diskettes. Most brands of software will fit between the adjustable parti- tions with a convenient hook for the spare key at rear. Stand fits Atari 400 & 800, Commodore 64 & VIC 20, Ti 99/4A and TRS-80. Cabinet dimensions overall 36" high X 33-7/8" wide x 16" deep. To order CS- 1 632 send $89. 95 tO: To order CS-2748 send $299.95 lo: HVTEC SYSTEMS P.O. Box 446 West LYon. OR 97068 For Fast Phone Orders Call Toll Free 1-800-547-3100 Inside Oregon Call (503) 635-6667 Name Address _ City Quantity. Slate .CS-1632 Quantity_ Zip CS-2748 □ Golden Oak Finish □ Natural walnut finish Q] My personal check, cashiers check or money order is enclosed. □ Bill my VISA * Exp. Date □ Bill my MasterCard # Exp. Dale □ Please include freight charge on my VISA or MasterCard. Card Holders Signature HVTEC Immediate shipmenl if in slock [f not. aUow3-4 weeks lot deltvery Ifpcfsonal check is scnl allow additional 2 weeks CS- 1632 ships UPS freight collect froin Oregon CS-274e sh.'ps by truck freight coUect from Otegciri. Pnces subject to change. Shipment subject to avaiiabilily Both the CS' 1632 antj CS-2746 ship unassembled in two cartons. Assemblv requires only a screwdriver. hammer, and a few minutes of your lime. Choice in simulated woodgrain of warm golden oak or ncii natural walnut finish The two slide-out shelves put the keyboard at the proper oper- ating height while allowing easy access to the disk drives. The bronze tempered glass door protecting the keyboard and disk drives simply lifts up and slides back out of the way during use. Twist tabs on the back of the center panel allow for neat con- cealed grouping of wires while a convenient storage shelf for books or other items lies below. The printer sils behind a fold down door that provides a work surface for papers or books while using the keyboard. The lift up top allows easy access to the top and rear of the printer A slot in the printer shelf allows for center as well as rear feed printers. Behind the lower door are a top shelf for paper, feeding the printer, and a bottom shelf to receive printer copy as well as additional storage. Stand fits same computers as the CS-1632 as well as the Apple I and II, IBM-PC, Franklin and many others. The cabinet dimensions overall: 39- 1/2" high X 49" wide X 27" deep. Keyboard shelf 20" deep x 26" wide. Disk drive shelf 15-34" deep X 26" wide. Top shelf for monitor 17" deep x 27" wide. Printer shelf 22" deep x 19" wide. "L kwhatmynev/ letsmedawith Here's what you get with the complete Alphacom printer project set. ■ Fast, quiet 40-column Alphacom VP42 printer, which includes the full Commodore graphics set. ■ 5 great software programs. A real 40-column Word Processor, graphics 5/cetch Pad, beautiful Kaleidoscope program, useful Record Keeper, and a general purpose Screen Printer. ■ Compute Magazine's First Book of VIC, full of fascinating step-by-step VIC 20 computer adventures. ■ All the cables, printer paper, and easy-to-follow instructions you need to begin enjoying your Alphacom VP42 as soon as you open the box. Get the complete Alphacom Printer Set for just $209,95 (suggested list). Call toll free for the name of your nearest dealer: 800/538-7047 anywhere in the USA (except California: 408/559-8000). If there is no convenient dealer, you, may order direct from Alphacom. Same day shipment with MasterCard, VISA, or American Express card. X Alphacom' printer set my VIC 20..r ir-ae luar x.irp - i 3 u socl£ n i ^ t ■;■ r ;^ c- o o '- +\ £ f^ o r i- by Jo€ Grimes ; I? Ci audi us or-' Robert Graves sck in the oid ciays of re the cruel E m p e r- o r C- a ered and 3 new leader., choseri ha the Praetor is Romans had rather odd r m those days. ) The P d thoucjt thea had chose let on and weak i ing who ly manipulated to the G OSES. Much to eMeryone 's S'j dius lasted for over a turned out to be a wise rate leader. Robert Gra 1 audi us describes the E ::4^o--e he ascended the Write and print my letters, homework— just about anything. With Word Processor software that comes with tlie printer. P *f% C'RE '355430 HIGH SCOPE Create my own custom computer games. The printer set includes the new First Book of VIC: it's full of great game ideas. : ''Er'l*VIC S8UIGGLE* i Rit-mpROM VIC 180! USER';. 7 P. Eh* TV PEP. hND debugged BV 7 C$=" ii^ilSSS '■ 9 PRINT-^' IP DftTft-i -, '_■■,■■-■■•, ■■'-",■■ ." . £€- DATftl,0/5>A 3e DftTSe, 1/4,3 46 DATA3/t.,2,@ 53 DATft4,5j87£ be DIMft-|:<5>,B<'5.. S? 7" FORI=0TO5 85 REKDH$f I ) 96 NEXT 1C0 FOI?I = 1T04 lie FCiRJ = lT04 lis READB';J,I> 13a N£KT l^e NEKT 190 Tl=t 208 T2=! Learn to write my own VIC 20 applications. With hard copy program listings that help me debug my programs. % ® pmA'^ * V 4i^>^T^-*'+^>+>4-4-'v*'^^ :*t€-^* Show off my computer graphics creations. Software includes Kaleidoscope and Sketch Pad graphics programs. CHEESE BERRY PIE £ Pks <3 oz. e5.,J Cr-eaifi 1''3 cup powderec! ^u-jir- i^Z cup ;our creari; £ tsp tir-ated oran-rie 'i-ee Baked 9- inch r^ie shell £ - 3 cups whole fresh strawijerries-'raspfcev "1 e l-'£ cup strawtoarr-3 ■ szt- !.-.res-erv-'t s - s 1 e ^e 'li Pr-.; : e.;(uri sour crearii and orange peel, ift r--ie shell. Top with oar- Keep the family's favorite recipes on a VIC 20 cassette. Now Mom can't pretend that she lost the recipe for cheeseberry pie. Pllphacom 2323 South Bascom Avenue Campbell, CA 95008 c 1992 Alphacom, ^nc. AM nghLS reserved. Commodore' and V|C 20'' are registered trademarks of Commodore Business Machines, inc. Alphacom. Inc. is not related to Commodore Business Machines, Inc. Offer vo^d where prohibiteid, taxed, or restricted hy law. TM Program 1: vie Version 3 GOTO 10 5 J1=N0TPEEK( 37151 )AND60-( ( PEEK( JS) AND12 8)=0) 7 RETURN 10 Q=36879;J=37137:JS=37152 30 POKEQ, 110: PRINT" [clear] [06 DOWN) (02 right} EwHTI PLUG IN JOYSTICK" ,"[ 02 DOWNH02 right] PRESS FIRE BUTTON 32 POKE 37154, 127: REM ACTIVATE PORT B 3 5 GOSUB 5 40 IFJ1032THEN35 50 PRINT" [clear] ": POKEQ, 93 : F0RL=lT03 ; PRIN T"[03 down] {05 RIGHTJb E E T R ~ A P[02 DOWN] "; :NEXT:F0RL=1T0999:N EXT 60 POKEQ ,127: F0RL=1T0999 : NEXT : POKEQ, 42 : FO RL=1TO2000;NEXT 80 PRINT" [clear) {BLK]Y0U ARE A GUIDE BEE ~ [D0WN3C0MMISSI0NED by THE [DOWN] QUEEN BEE TO TAKE LOST 90 PRINT"BEES SAFELY TO THE (OOWNJFLOW ER BED. YOU WILL [DOWNJGET CREDI T FOR ONLY 1{dOWN} 100 PRINT"BEE[RIGHT}aT A TIME. BEWARE [DOWN] THE LOVELY VENUS BEE [DOWN] TRAPS WHICH BLOOM PRO- 110 PRINT"FUSELY ACROSS THE [DOWNJFIEL D. [GRN] [rev] GOOD LUCK 1 ? 1 [ DOWN) 115 FORL=1TO200:NEXT 120 PRINT" (WHT) [rev] [right] (PRESS FIRE BUT TON) [UP] 130 GOSUB 5:IFJ1<>32 THEN 130 150 C=30720:P=7680;N=36a7 7:V=36878:B=36a7 5 :K=8248:HH=36874 175 Kl = 7735: H=2 40 : SC=0 : S=0 : D1=0 : D2=0 : R=0 190 REM PRINT FLOWERS 200 POKEQ, 191; PRINT" [CLEAR] ":FORL=0TO43 22 5 POKEP+L,42 2 30 P0KEP+L+C,INTCRND(1)*8) :NEXT 305 POKEKl+Dl, 32:REM ERASE GUIDE BEE 310 REM READ JOYSTICK 312 Jl=NOTPEEKC 37151 )AND60-( ( PEEK{ JS ) AND12 8)=0) 315 IFPEEK(JS)=H9THENDi=Dl + l;GOT0335 320 IFJl=4THENDl=Dl-22:GOTO 335 325 IFJl=8THENDl=Dl+22:GOTO 335 330 IFJ1=16THEND1=D1-1 335 IFK1+D1>8185THEND1=450:REM PREVENT SCR EEN EXIT 340 IFK1+D1<7724ANDS>0THEN2000;REM ENTER F LOWERS WITH BEE 345 IFK1+D1<7724THEND1=0:POKEQ, 110:FORL=1T O2000 : NEXT: SC=SC-1 : POKEQ, 191 : REM ~ ENTER W/0 BEE 350 IFD2 <50ANDX<2THENXX=INT ( RND ( 1 ) *351 ) +44 : POKEKl +C+XX , X+1 2 : POKEKl +XX , 88 351 REM RANDOM TRAP PLACEMENT 360 IFPEEK(K1+D1)=42THEND2=0:S=S+1 :H=H-10: REM CATCH LOST BEE 3 70 IFPEEK(K1+D1 }=88THEN3000:REM GUIDE BEE IS ZAPPED 380 P0KEK1+D1+C,8:P0KEK1+D1,42:REM PRINT G UIDE BEE 425 REM BUZZING SOUNDS 440 IFH<130THENH=240 450 POKEV , 6-X/6 : POKEB , 1 60-X : POKEHH , H 505 POKEK-D2,32.-REM ERASE LOST BEE 515 REM LOST BEE MOVEMENT 520 X=INT(RND(1)*(h/5-22) ) 530 IFX<3THEND2=D2+22 540 IFX=30RX=4THEND2=D2+1 550 IFX=5THEND2=D2-1 560 IFK-D2<7724THEND2=0:REM BEE FINDS FLOW ERS WITHOUT GUIDE 5 70 IFPEEKCK-D2)=42ANDD2>62THEND2=0:S=S+1: H=H-10:REM LOST BEE FINDS GUIDE B EE 580 IFPEEK(K-D2)=88THEN1000:REM LOST BEE I S ZAPPED 590 P0KEK-D2+C, 14:POKEK-D2,42:REM PRINT LO ST BEE 600 GOTO305 1 000 POKEQ , 42 : FORL=1TO10STEP . 1 : POKEV , 1 0-L : P OKEN, 200-L*5 :NEXT:POKEN,0:D2=0 1050 R=R+1 ; IFR=50THEN3000 1075 IFR>40THENPOKEQ, 249:GOTO305 1100 POKEQ, 191 :GOTO305 2000 POKEQ, 1 27 :SC=SC+1: PRINT" [HOME] [02 DOWN] [04 RIGHT] [red] CREDIT "SC 7 2100 IFSC=1THENPRINT"BEE" :GOTO2300 2200 PRINT"BEES 2300 FORL=lT075STEP.3 :POKEB, 175+L : NEXT : PRIN T"[UP) ":S=0: D1=0:GOTO1100 3000 POKEQ, 10:FORL=lTO10STEP.l : POKEV, 15-L:P OKEB, 200-L*5 : NEXT: POKEB, 0: POKEHH, 3100 PRINT "{home] [02 DOWN] [ RIGHT ) [CYNJfINAL CREDIT"SC; 3200 IFSC=1THENPRINT"BEE":GOTO3400 3300 PRINT"BEES 3400 PRINT" [down] HIT [REV]s[OFFJ TO STOP, ~ PRESS FIREBUTTON TO REPLAY" 3403 GET A$ 3410 IF A5="S" THEN 3500 3415 GOSUB 5: IF Jl=32 THEN 150 3420 GOTO 3403 3500 POKE 37154, 255 :POKE Q, 27 rPRINT" [CLEAR] [ BLU } " : END Program 2: Atari version Two bees evade Venus Bcetmp> in the VlC-20 version of "Bee Trap." 106 COMPUTE! June 1983 105 DL=PEEK <560) +256*PEEK (561 ) +4 110 SCREEN=PEEK<8B)+2 56*PEEK(B9) 120 GRAPHICS 2:SETCOLDR 2,0,0 125 POKE 752, 1 130 SETCOLOR , 7 , 1 : POS I T I ON 3.4:PRI NT 116; "B E E{3 SPACESJT R A P" 135 FOR 1=1 TO 3:5DUND , , , : SOUND 1 , 0, 0,0; SOUND 1 , 140, 12, 4: SOUND 1 , 45, 12, 4: FOR K=l TO 200:NEXT K: NEXT I Four smart ways to make your Atari 400/800, TRS-80 COLOR,VIC-20 and G>mmodore 64 much more intelligent. The Color AGcuintant pays for itself. This complete per- sonal financial package is designed to make your money easier to manage. Included are: 1. Checkbook Maintenance 2. Chart of Accounts 3. Check Search 4. Income/Expense Statement 5. Net Worth Statement 6. Color Graph Design Package 7. Home Budget Analysis 8. Color Payments Calendar 9- Mailing List 10. Decision Maker This unique menu-driven pack- age requires less than one hour data input per month. The Color Accountant has over 60 pages of documentation including examples and step-by-step instructions. TRS-80 COLOR requires Ext. Basic and 16K for cassette, 32K for diskette; Atari 400/800 requires 24K for cas- sette, 32K for diskette; VIC-20 requires 16K Expander. Now available for Commodore 64. S74S5 cassette S7955 diskette The Tax Hartdter makes April 15th just another day. This is the perfect complement to our Color Accountant. The Tax Handler will help prepare your tax returns and probably save you money. Included are; 1. Form 1040 (Long Form)— filing status, exemptions, income, income adjustments, com- putation of tax, tax credits and payments or balance/ refund due. 2 Schedule A (Itemized Deduc- tions)— medical and dental deductions, taxes, interest expenses, contributions, casualty/theft losses, miscel- laneous deductions and summary. 3. Schedule G (Income Averag- ing)— base period income and adjustments, computation of averageable income and computation of tax. Additional schedules or altera- tions to the tax codes wiH be available separately in our monthly magnetic magazines. Atari 400/800 requires 24K for cassette, 32K for diskette, VIG-20 requires 16K Expander, Now available for Commodore 64. $3435 cassette; S3935 diskette you'll love your comjMJter with The Magnetic Maga- zine. Our magnetic magazines will entertain, inform, educate, challenge and delight you. Each issue contains 4 to 7 ready-to- use quality programs, all fully listabte. Every issue includes a newsletter containing instruc- tions, tips on programming techniques and a line-by-line examination of the feature program. And starting with issue number 8, the first in a series of tutorials on machine language programming. Database I with a new application every following issue and a new utility in our Utility-of-The-fi/lonth section. And word processing is coming soon! A full years subscription consists of 10 issues— over 50 programs a year at a mere fraction of their cost. Available for TRS-80 COLOR Ext, Basic, Atari 400/800; all require 16K. Back issues available. One year subscription: S50.00 cassette; S7S.(H) diskette Half year subscription: S30.00 cassette; $45.00 diskette Sample issue: S10.00 cassette; ST5.00 diskette VIK VIDEO issue 1 available for VIC-20: $12.95 cassette The Learning Center teaches and enlightens children. Our exceptional educational programs are class- room designed and tested. These unique packages have been invented to introduce 3 to 9 year olds to the ease of computer learning. Through the use of basic concepts such as colors, shapes, numbers and letters, children understand counting, math and language skills. Each program is designed to develop a specific skill, rewarding each correct answer with music and a happy face. Most are compatible with our new Edumate Light PenS34.95. Available for Atari 400/800, VIC-20 and Commodore 64; all require 8K for cassette, 16K for diskette. Also available for Timex/Sindair 1000 and TI-99. Please ask about programs available and their prices for Pre-School, Kindergar- ten and Grades 1 & 2. Prices range from S8.95 for a single cassette to $79.95 for a complete set on disketta Order now! See your local dealer or order direct. New catalog S2.00. Visa and MasterCard accepted — please add $2.00 for postage and hiandling. Call toll free! .-800-334-SOFT DEALER INQUIRIES INVITED progranmiers *■ %^ a division of FUTUBE HOUS] a division of FUTUBE HOUSE — dept. c P.O. box 3470, chapel lull, north Carolina 27514, 919-967-0861 1 40 150 160 170 180 1<?0 200 210 220 225 230 240 245 248 250 255 260 305 310 312 315 320 325 330 335 340 345 350 360 370 3B0 425 440 450 505 515 520 530 540 550 560 PRINT "{3 SPACES}- PLUG JOYSTICK INTO JACK ttl -":FOR 1=1 TO 950: NEXT I:SOUIMD , , , : SOUND 1,0,0 ,0:GRAPHICS PRINT :? :PRINT " <.A SPACES>YOU A RE A GUIDE BEE COMMISSIONED";? PRINT "BY THE QUEEN BEE TO TAKE LOST BEES":? PRINT "SAFELY TO THE FLOWER BED. YOU WILL": ? PRINT "GET CREDIT FOR ONLY 1 BEE AT A TIME. " : ? ? "BEWARE THE VICIOUS VENUS BEE TRAPS" : ? PRINT "WHICH BLOOM PROFUSELY ACR OSS THE" ? : PRINT "FIELD ! " POSITION 14,17:PRINT " tSmE [11132! lit" POKE 752, 1 POSITION 2,20:PRINT " PRESS THE \^i;iE tim*<ii: to start" IF STRIG(0><>0 THEN 240 K=SCREEN+1074: KI=SCREEN+100: H=24 0:SC=0;S=0: 01=01 D 2=0: R=0 GRAPHICS 0:SETCOLDR 4,1,12:SETC0 LOR 2,2,11 POKE 752, 1 : POSITION 0,0:FOR 1=1 TO 20:PRINT CHR* ( 1 23 ) ; CHR« ( 32 > ; ; NEXT I FOR 1=2 TO 24:PDKE DL+I,4:NEXT I :POKE DL-1,4+64 POSITION 0,1:FOR J=l TO 20:PRINT CHR* ( 124) ; CHR* (0) ;: NEXT J : REM P RINT FLOWER BED POKE K1+D1,0:REM ERASE GUIDE BEE REM READ JOYSTICK IF STICK(0><>15 THEN POKE 77,0 IF STICK(0)=7 THEN D1=D1+1:G0T0 335 IF STICK(0)=i4 THEN D1=D1-40:GOT O 335 IF ST O 335 IF ST IF Kl 0: REM IF Kl 2000: IF Kl COLOR I : SC NTER IF D2 ( 1 > t6 NDDM IF PE : H = H- IF PE GUIDE POKE E REM B IF H< SOUND SOUND POKE REM L X=INT IF X< IF X = IF X = IF K- ICK(0)=i3 THEN D1=D1+40:GOT ICK<0)=11 THEN D1=D1-1 +D1 >SCREEN+959 THEN Dl=Dl-4 PREVENT SCREEN EXIT + DKSCREEN + B0 AND S>0 THEN REM ENTERS FLOWERS W/ BEE +D1 <SCREEN+80 THEN D1=0:SET 4,9,i2:F0R 1=1 TO 300:NEXT SC-1 : SETCDLOR 4,1,12:REM E W/0 BEE <90 AND X<2 THEN XX=INT(RND 80)+80:POKE K1+XX,28:REM RA TRAP PLACEMENT EKCK1+D1)=3 THEN D2=0;S=S+1 10:REM CATCH LOST BEE EK(K1+D1)=28 THEN 2900:REM BEE IS ZAPPED K1+D1,32:REM PRINT GUIDE BE UZZING SOUNDS 130 THEN H=240 0, 140, 12, 4:S0UND 1,H,12,4: 2,45, 12,2 K-D2,0:REM ERASE LOST BEE OST BEE MOVEMENT (RND < 1 ) « CH/5-22) ) 3 THEW D2=D2+4S 3 OR X=4 THEN D2=D2+1 5 THEN D2=D2-1 D2<SCREEN+80 THEN D2=0:REM BEE FINDS FLOWERS W/O GUIDE 570 IF PEEK(K-D2)=3 AND D2>120 THEN D2=0: S=S+1 tH=H-10; REM LOST BEE F INDS GUIDE BEE 580 IF PEEK <K-D2> =28 THEN 1000:REM L OST BEE IS ZAPPED 590 POKE K-D2,3:REM PRINT LOST BEE 600 GOTO 305 1000 SETCDLOR 4,4,12:F0R 1=50 TO 150 :BDUND 3 , I , 1 , 4 : NEXT I : SOUND 3, 0,0,0 1050 D2=0: R=R+1 : IF R=50 THEN 2900 1060 FOR 1=1 TO 200:NEXT I 1100 SETCOLOR 4,l,12:G0TO 305 2000 SETCOLOR 4 , 4 , 1 2 : SETCOLOR 2,2,6: SC=SC+1:P0KE DL+3,2 2050 FOR 1=0 TO 70:SOUND 1,I,10,4:NE XT I:FOR 1 = TO 30 : NE XT I ; SOUND 1,0,0,0 2100 POSITION 12,2:PRINT " MSnESSMM" i SC;:IF SC=1 THEN PRINT "Biiagi": GOTO 2300 2200 PRINT "MSM^m" 2300 FOR L=l TO 500:NEXT L : FOR L=5 T 27:P0SIT1DN L,2:PRINT " ":NEX T L:POKE DL+3,4 2310 S=0: D1=0: SETCOLOR 2,2,10:GOTD 1 100:REM SCORE SOUND 2900 SOUND 0, 0, 0, 0: SOUND 1,0,0,0:SOU NO 2,0,0,0 3000 SETCOLOR 4 , 7 , 1 2 : SETCOLOR 2,2,8: FOR 1=100 TO 255:SDUND 1,1,10,4 iNEXT I:SOUND 1,2S,2,4:F0R 1=0 TO 30:NEXT I 3100 SOUND 1,0,0,0:FOR 1=3 TO 4:POKE DL+I,2:NEXT I 3200 POSITION 9,2:PRINT " m ^*.\: \wminJWZ ;SC;tIF SC=1 THEN PRINT "MS I": GOTO 3400 3300 PRINT " ■irjggM " 3400 POKE 764, 255: PRINT " HIT E TO S TOP/FIREBUTTON TO REPLAY" 3420 IF STR1G<0)=0 THEN 245 3425 IF PEEK(764)=47 THEN POKE 764,2 55;GRAPHICS 0;END 3430 GOTO 3420 The Attiri i<crsioii of "Bee Trap" usc^ niiilticoloivd chamcters for tlic floiLvrs (top), bees {center and lower right), and the bee traps. 108 COMPUTH June 1983 p(K)6fi«nnt)RC Compare the Choices on Atari Software PflOGAflm/TDAC SAVE THE SEVEK SEAS , ^^ From Thorn EMI Remove deadly nuclear waste from the seabed! Noxious rays turn harmless sea creatures to fearsome monsters in isotope induced agony. One or two players dodge the mutated monsters and pilot ttia ship through polluted waters to locate and retreive canisters. Take care, you're followed by radiation fiungry octopusesi ROM Cartridge, $49.95 NEVER BEFORB!. ,t^^- ZAXXON From DataSoft The official Zaxxon, now for home use, combines 3 dimensional effects, unique color graphics and realistic sound effects. Arcade action while you maneuver youf ship ttirough a battlefield of enemy missiles, tanks and planes to meet your match in ttiB deadly Zaxxon Rotjot armed with a lethal hom- ing device, 16K Tape or Disk, $39.95 SEA DRAGON By Westmoreland & Gilman from Adventure Underwater adventure is yours as you command a nuclear sub armed with deadly missiles and tor- pedoes. Guide it carefully through sea mines and underwater mountains; watch out for depth charges being fired by overtiead ships . , . and don't run out of airl Scrolling sea bottom for added excitement. 32K Disk,S34:9S $29.71 SALE 15% OFF TIL JUNE 30 ORCAHACK From Thorn EMI Save the castle from the ORG siege. Ore archers direct a hail of crossbow bolts as they scale the walls but you pelt them with rocks and counter the gruesome attack with your trusty broadsword. Realistic animation and fast action make this lively combat game unique and visually enlertaining. ROM Cartridge, $49.95 Never before have there been COLOR DISKS! Never before have we advertised blank DISKS! But these are so special... INTRODUCING, COLOR DISKETTES Bright and bold! Premium quality mini diskettes in 5 brilliant colors: red, orange, yellow, blue, green. Single sided, soft sectored, double density with hub rings. Use them just for beauty or to color code your programs and data! Box of 10 — all one color or Box of 10 — 2 each color $34.50 Box REAR GUARD By Neil Larimer from Adventure int. A space battle between your cruiser and wave- after-wave of enemy ships. You can destroy them with your energy darts or you can ram them — as long as your shields are intact. The action takes place on a continuous horizontal landscape. You control the altitude and speed of your craft as you pursue the enemy Skill level 1 is exciting, and there are four more levels available. g| 16K Tape, *»:9S $16.96 $fiA^' 24K Disk, Sa*^? $21.21 SALE 15% OFF TIL JUNE 30 KIDS AND THE ATARI From Reston Softcover book, $19.95 MAPPING THE ATARI From Compute! Softcover book $14.95 GAMES FOR THE ATARI By Elcomp Softcover book, $7.95 DELTA DRAWING By Computer Access Corporation From Spinnaker Software Children create stunning graphics! Kids learn programming and create colorful drawings on screen using single keystroke commands to con- trol the Delta cursor. Drawings are stored as programs and can be used to create complex pictures, patterns and designs. Save drawings on disk or graphics printer. Simple and easy to pro- duce computer graphics for ages 4 to 14. You don't have to read, write, or even know English! 4BK Disk, $59.95 LANGUAGE TEACHER By Cindy and Andrew Bartohllo from Acorn Learn the basics of a foreign language. 1-AN- GUAGE TEACHER offers hundreds of word com- binations, verb conjugations and phrases. There is an option for having multiple-choice answers and tor being retested on missed items, Full printer capability and a great deal ol "human en- gineering" further enhance the programs. Teachers will appreciate the ample documenta- tion and the ability to get printouts of quizzes. Cur- rently available languages are: French, Spanish, Italian and German. 32K Disk, $29.95 for each program. Over 2500 Programs for TRS-80 For information Call 202-363-9797 Visit our othflr stores: B2e Bethel Rd., Col(jmt>us OH Seven Cornsrs Center, Falls Church, VA W. Bell Plaza. 6600 Security Blvd.. Baltimore, Ml White Flint Mall, Rockville Pike. Rockville. Md. MM BUG OFF j^ By sparky Starlis S*^ From Adventure International This is one game that will bug you! Wacky arcade-style machine language game for one or two players. Your garden has fallen into a Florida sinkhole where weird forces have mutated a bevy of bugs into a contingent of killers. Control the seven types of bugs using DDT on the pesky pBSts! You'll enjoy Ihese bugs in your computer! Graphics oriented, real-time action with great sound. 16KTapeor32KOisk,529:95^ $25.46 SALE 15% OFF TIL JUNE 30 ATARI 400/800, APPLE, IBM & VIC 20 TH6.X . ^.T. PfM)6RMn/T0fl6 Coming Soon to Boston, Philadelphia and Pittsbuigh. To Order Call Toii-Free 800-424-2738 MAIL ORDERS: Send check or M.O. for total pur- chase price, plus $2.00 postage & handling. D.C, MD: & VA.: add sales tai. Charge cards: Include all embossed in- formation. L4RMkk ViH^ © 1982 The Program Store, Inc. NPUl hSh 1 THE PROGRAM STORE • Dept, 10-06-3 • Box 9582 ■ 4200 Wisconsin Ave., N.W., Washington, D.C. 20016 Item Tape/Disk/Book Price Name Address - Postage $2.00 Total D CHECK n VISA City D MASTERCARD Card*. Computer State- .Zip_ . Exp_ Program 3: color Computer Version 100 CLS 110 PRINT3232,"E S IKS SPACES>0 £5 E E" 120 PRINTa389, "PLUG IN RIGHT JOYSTI CK" 130 SOUND 1,30:FOR 1=1 TO 500 140 NEXTI 1S0 CLS 160 PRINT:PRINT"<:3 SPACES>YOU ARE A GUIDE BEE COMMIS-" 170 PRINT-'SIONED BY THE QUEEN BEE T O TAKE" 180 PRINT-LOST BEES SAFELY TO THE F LOWER" 190 PRINT-BED. YOU WILL SET CREDIT FOR" 200 PRINT"ONLY ONE BEE AT A TIME. B EWARE" 210 PRINT"THE VICIOUS VENUS BEE TRA PS" 220 PRINT-WHICH BLOOM PROFUSELY ACR OSS" 230 PRINT"THE FIELD." 240 PRINT3362, "GOOD LUCK ! M " 250 FDR 1=1 TO 300:NEXT I 260 PRINT34S1, "PRESS [MSHM [jimfill TO BEGIN" Lj-Mm»-i^ 270 GOSUB 600: IF FIRE=0 THEN 270 280 CLS:E=0 290 Kl=l 104:P=1024:SC=0:S=0:D1=0;D2 =0: R=0: H=240: K=1503+RND (32> 300 REM PRINT FLOWERS 310 FDR 1=1 TO 32:C=128+16«RND(7>+6 iPRlNT CHR* <C) ; : NEXT I 320 FOR 1 = 1 TO 32rPRINT"''"; :NEXT I 330 E=E+1:PDKE K1+D1,96:REM ERASE G UIDE BEE 340 H1=JDYSTK<0) : V=JOYSTK( 1) :REM RE AD RIGHT JOYSTICK 350 IF Hl=OH AND V=OV THEN 370 360 SOUND 1 , 1 370 IF H1=0 THEN D1=D1-1;6DT0 410 380 IF Hl=63 THEN D1=D1+1:G0TD 410 390 IF V=0 THEN D 1 =D 1 -32 : GOTO 410 400 IF V=63 THEN Dl=Dl+32 410 DH=H1 : OV=V: IF K1+D1>1535 THEN D 1=D1-32:REM PREVENT SCREEN EXIT 420 IF K1+DK1088 AND S>0 THEN 680: REM ENTER FLOWERS WITH BEE 1088 THEN D1=0:SC=SC-1 ,3:REH ENTER W/0 BEE AND X<2 THEN XX=RND(30 E Kl +XX , 1 26: REM RANDOM CEMENT +D1)=64THEN D2=0:S=S+1 =-30:REM CATCH LOST BE 1+D1>=126 THEN 760:REM E IS ZAPPED 1,99:REM PRINT GUIDE B THEN H=240 ,96:REM ERASE LOST BEE BEE MOVEMENT -23) D E>5 THEN D2=D2+32 X=4 THEN D2=D2+1 EN D2=D2-1 B8 THEN D2=0: K=RND (32) BEE FINDS FLOWERS W/O 430 IF Kl+DK rSDUND 50 440 IF D2<70 4) +64: POK TRAP PLA 450 IFPEEK <K1 : H=H-10;E E 460 IF PEEK(K GUIDE BE 470 POKE Kl+D EE 480 IF H<130 490 POKE K-D2 500 REM LOST 510 X=RND (H/5 520 IF X<3 AN 530 IF X=3 OR 540 IF X=5 TH 550 IFK-D2< 10 +1503: REM UT GUIDE 560 570 580 590 600 610 620 630 640 650 660 670 680 690 700 710 720 730 740 750 760 770 780 790 800 810 820 830 IF PEEK (K-D2) =99 AND D2>90 THEN D2=0: S=S+1 : H=H-10: E=-35: REM LQ ST BEE FINDS GUIDE BEE IF PEEK<K-D2)=126 THEN 630:REM LOST BEE IS ZAPPED IF E>5 AND S=0 THEN POKE K-D2,6 4:REM PRINT LOST BEE GOTO 330 REM JOYSTICK FIRE BUTTON RDUTIN E Z=PEEK<65280) : F I RE= ( Z = 1 26 ) OR ( Z= 254) RETURN REM LOST BEE ZAPPED D2=0: E=-5 R=R+1:IF R=50 THEN 760 SOUND 50, 5: K=1503+RND (32> GOTO 330 REM GUIDE SUCCESSFULLY CARRIES LOST BEE INTO FLOWER BED SC=SC+1 : E=-2 FDR 1=130 TO 190 STEP 5:S0UND I , 1 : NEXT I PRINT372, "HiiMilAj ":SC; IF SC=1 THEN PRINT" [liai";SDTO 7 40 PRINT" mm^i" FDR 1=1 TO 500: NEXTI : PRINTa70, " f24 SPACESJ" S = 0: D1=0: D2 = 0:K=1503 + RND<32) : GO TO 330 FOR 1=190 TO 110 STEP -5:SDUND I , liNEXT I PRINT368," laii<:f:Tl ti);ii^>>% | " ; SC ; IF SC=1 THEN PRINT" OIMl" : GOTO 8 10 PRINT" I=ia351 " FDR 1=1 TO 200:NEXT I PRINT3101 , "PLAY AGAIN <B OR [D " INPUT A*: IF A«= CLS: END THEN 280 'Bee Trap," TRS-SO Color Computer vcrfiioii. COMPUTE! The Resource, 110 COMPOTl! June 1983 A ATARI* Jk "Computers For People" FREE CATALOG! ^ With any order or send Si 00<(elufx]able wilh youf lirst order) Over 1000 items loryour Atari. . . • Mosaic • Percom • Broderbund •APX • Rokian • DalasofI • Synapse "A I • Online •Alan • Hayes • Ef>son • ViSFcalc • WoTf?' MakeRoyalYourATARV^ Source! We handle Only Atari Compauble hardware and sohware. . . So we know whai works best ! Send for our complete Caloiog, Only Sl.OOt Refundable mlft your ordrrt. INTRODUCING. "CaiJI. Zll 48K DISK $49.95 The most user-friendly mail maintenance program available! Here are a. few of I he oiitslandinj!, features. . . • New OS Ihal offers fewer 'crashed- dist(s'-True ran'dom access-Store 500 to 2000 names/addresses per disk. • Works on single or double density, • Automatic delete of duplicates. • Print a disk directory. • Official stale abbreviations are built-in. • Make back-up copies, •Merge files • Search files •Sort hies • Create sub-files • Print lables/file copy Lei ' 'Super Mailer ' ' speed your mail! Protective Dust Covers For ATARI 400/410 SOOfStO, Please specify. $8.95 Rejii? specil^ 'MTtc^yt)^J wam Smoke-gray Acrylic. The very best way to protect your vnIuaMe software f $29.95 a FnlAructaAttktn * 100% HKhmaL«ngu>tr« fomRoyai Software liP \i EKCL'ilenl Grai flics & Sound Your Atari" Source! 21 60 W. 11 th St. • Eugene, OR 97402 Phone (503)683-5361 MtiMcfcard — V'lsu — Awcrsiun Lxpre^ Bring Hiousands Of doilaps worth of information tiome for only $14.95! "The best reason to bwf a computer. Packed with useful information — it's an absolute must for computer owners everywhere." — Gary G. Reibsamen, Vice-President ol NewsNet Inc. Your passport to the electronic universe — how to turn any personal com- puter or word processor into a commtinica- tion/information mactiine o( incredible versa- tility and power, even without a Itnowledge of programming. Here's just a sampling of what you gel— it: How to select a modem and communications software :ic How to send electronic letters, telexes and MailGrams'" >{( Money-saving techniques for using The Sourte, Dow Jones News/Retrieval. DIALOG, BBS and more s|c Get free software! Down- load thousands of programs * Get privi- leged intormation from S30,00a wortti of newsietteis * Get discounts of 10% to 40% by shopping on-line :je Trouble-shooter's guide to problem-free communications 3|; l^undreds of free computer bulletin boards (CBB5) 4: Access vast libraries (Library of Congress, N.Y. Times, magazines, and wttoTe encyclopedias) * Get real-time com- puter games and tournaments * Electronic banking, investment management, and then barter:^ Get toll-free numbers, valuable short-cut commands * Get on-line advice from experienced usets ol your equipment. Plus much morel In just two days you'll see what this unique handbook can do for you — but we'll give you two weeks to decide. Send lor your copy now; if you're not satis- lied return it in two weeks for a lull refund. Mam Selection ol The Small Computer Book Club Alternate Book-ol-the- Month Club/Science Selection Please return this coupon 10 your bookseller of direct !o: St. Uarlln's Presa 17S Filth Avenue. New Yort. N.Y 10010 Ann ML CO Please send me copy(ies) of The Complete Hand- txKk ofPefsonat Cofnputef CcfnmunicaliOns (u S14 95 papertjack each Please add Si, 60 per book loi postage and tianoling. My check Of money ortjef is enclosed in !he anxMjni oJ $ I may examine Ihe book for ti*o weeks and. if not 100% satisfied. I can return it lor a compete retur^d. Oily- -Zip- COIVIMADORE 64 VIC-SO en < u B L TJ C Q in ni X ID d Ol 8 Expansion Connectors Each Switched Individually Fully Enclosed Chassis Master Power Switch with Z IIOuACOUTLETS for computer and accessories RIBBON CABLE Connection for convenient placement LED DISPLAY RESET Button 120 day chassis 1 yr power supply WARRANTIES finger tip selection of game and other Cartridges Optional 5 volt Power Supply removes power load from your computer THE SOFT-AWARE BOX the mostadvanced expansion chassis 5149.00 each Power Supply $35.00 each. ^ L ■D L 1^ HI L 3 X (0 c I ■0 a _a I SOFT-AWARE fVIICPDCOIVIJJUTCH mL«IPH£.R«LS AMD 3QPT\A/Aat C71 a) Ba4-a&aa P.O. Box 725. Glendora. CA 91 740 VIC-SD and CBM 64 are tractamarkB af CommodDra Bualnaaa Machlnaa Memory Trainer HoA/ey B^ Herman, Associate Editor For 64, VIC, PET/CBM, Atari, TI, and Apple- thb program might help you improve your memory skilh. Some people, training in a similar fashion , have been able to quickly memorize random 80-digit numbers. A provocative article, entitled "Exceptional Mem- ory," appeared recently in American Scientist (vol. 70, no. 6, p. 607, 1982). The authors described experiments in u'hich a person with a normal memory was trained to recall a sequence of over 80 random digits. How? When most people read a random sequence once, they can remember only five to nine digits, the apparent limit of short-term memory (STM). One might call this prodigious feat of memory (recalling 80 digits) exceptional, but the authors said that this skill may not be uncommon. Diligent practice, in one case 230 hours over 20 months, resulted in improvement in the ability to rapidly transfer information into long term memory (LTM). A "normal" memory could thereby be transformeci into an "exceptional" one. How easy it would be to automate the task of memory training by using a computer. Con- sequently, after reading the article, I sat down at my Commodore 8032 and wrote "Memory Trainer." Random digits are flashed on the screen at a specified rate, rather than being read to the subject. If the sequence is repeated correctly, the next sequence of digits is increased by one. When an error is made, the length of the sequence de- creases by one. The subject can stop the experi- ment at any point, whereupon the maximum number length achieved is displayed. Program 1: so-Coiumn cbm version 1(03 100 REM 110 REM 120 REM 130 REM 140 REM 150 REM 160 REM 170 REM 180 REM 190 REM 200 REM MAX 76 DIGITS 210 DIM N(76) 220 MA=0:REM MA=MAX CORRECT SCAN 230 PRINT "{CLEAR} {REV}MEMORY TRAINING GRAM" 112 COMPUTE! June 1983 MEMORY TRAINING PROGRAM PATTERNED AFTER TECHNIQUE IN: "EXCEPTIONAL MEMORY" BY K.A. ERICSSON AND W.G. CHASE AMERICAN SCIENTIST VOL 70, NO 6, PG 607, 1982. PROGRAM BY HARVEY B. HERMAN 5(03 240 PRINT 250 INPUT "DIGIT RATE (SEC/DIG) LEFT]"; PR 260 IF DR<.5 THEN DR= . 5 270 PRINT 280 INPUT "INITIAL SEQUENCE LENGTH LEFT}";SL 290 IF SL<2 THEN SL=2 300 IF SL>76 THEN SL=76 310 REM MIN DIGIT RATE .5 SEC/DIG 320 REM SEQ LEN - MIN 2:MAX 76 330 PRINT:PRINT"{REV}CURRENT DIGIT SPAN{ OFF) ";SL;" {LEFT} " 340 REM FLASH GET SET AND DIGITS 350 PRINT:PRINT "{REV}GET SET{OFF} "; :F0R I =1 TO 300:NEXT I 360 PRINT "{07 LEFT}GET SET" ;CHR$ ( 7) : PRINT "*":PRINT "{UP}";:FOR 1=1 TO 1250: NEXT I:PRINT 370 FOR 1=1 TO SL 380 N(I) =INT(RND(1) *10) 390 T=TI 400 PRINT "{UP} {REV}";N(I) ;"{0FF}";:F0R J= 1 TO 100: NEXT J 410 PRINT "{03 LEFT}";N(I) 420 IF TI<T+DR*60 THEN 420 430 NEXT I 440 PRINT "{UP} "; 450 PRINT:PRINT "INPUT DIGITS":FL=0 460 PRINT " I* . . . _ r 470 PRINT " ":INPUT "{02 UP} *{03 LEFT}", -AS 480 IF LEN(A$)<>SL THEN FL=1:G0T0 540 490 FOR 1=1 TO SL 500 IF VAL(MID$(A$,I,1} } <> N(I) THEN FL=1 :I=SL 510 NEXT I 520 REM FL=0 - CORRECT - INCREASES SEQ L EN BY ONE 530 REM FL=1 - INCORRECT - DECREASES SEQ L EN BY ONE 540 PRINT: IF FL=1 THEN PRINT " {REV} INCORRE CT{OFF} - TRY A SHORTER SPAN NEXT ":SL=SL-1 550 IF FL=1 THEN PRINT " II . 560 IF FL=1 THEN PRINT " ": PRINT "{ UP}"; 570 IF FL=1 THEN FOR J=l TO SL+1:PRINT RIG HT$(STR$ (N(J) ) ,1) ; : NEXTJ :GOTO620 580 PRINT "{REV}CORRECT{OFF} - TRY A LON GER SPAN NEXT ":SL=SL+1 590 IF MA<SL-1 THEN MA=SL-1 600 PRINT " PRO 610 PRINT " ":PRINT "{UP}"; 620 PRINT:PRINT: INPUT "AGAIN ;N$:IF SL<1 THEN SL=1 Y{03 LEFT}" PRICE BREAKTHROUGH! A HIGH QUALITY PRINTER FOR ONLY ™,Hia,ioi»aitii»int«vi . ^ _M- OATAIW THE NEW D-92 DUAL MODE MODULAR PRINTER FLEXIBILITY The D-92 was built with your future in mind. The highly modular design provides several upgradeable options such as: . Adjustable Tractor Feed . Dot Addressable Graphics . 2K Buffer . X-ON/X-OFF . RS232 Serial Interface . 9600 Baud . Single Sheet Feeder . Sound Cover Naturally, Data Impacl Products printers will interface with all popular computers whether it is IBM, Osborne, TRS, Apple, Atari, etc. Act now to take advantage of our special promotional discount for options For more information call 1-800-327-1525 ^^= WE DARE YOU TO COMPARE! But don't just look at the price, consider the features, reliability and flexibility of the D-92 dual mode modular printer. FEATURES . 7x9 Font For Data Processing printing . 11x9 Font For Crisp Clear Business Letters . 100 CPS Bidirectional Printing . Short Line Seeking Logic . 800 Character Buffer . Six Different Character Sizes . 100% Duty Cycle . Parallel Interface RELIABILITY All Data Impacl Products printers are built with superior materials right here in the LJnited States. Each unit is inspected, tested and burned in at the factory to insure superior quality. Other measures of reliability . 100 Million Character User- Replaceable Printhead . 5 Million Character Ribbon Cartridge . Easy Access and Serviceable Single Circuit Board . Full Factory Warranty DATA IMPACT PRODUCTS, INC. 745 ATLANTIC AVE., BOSTON, MA 02110 TEL: 617-482-4214 TELEX: 951047 DIP INC BSN comput€r mail order PRINTERS SMITH CORONA IP- 1 Jib^ 00 1t»noi i«d SIS') OO UlriuM f 1 Tvprwrilc S4 34O0 CITOM [TEC] Pro«r.l. 8SI0P s:iH4 uo ProwniE 65105 SS39 00 P»t»..lr 15S0P t6t<)U0 PrP^nlf ISSOb f 749 00 Si.n-iM I M0-*0 Jiassoo PttMniMM • r> t It^SS Jlb49CH> OKIOATA &2^ 141'* CJtJ lUA SfiS9 00 M [P>r>t^fU 11049 00 M iS^r.pJ} ill49 00 92 5559 00 9J 11)99 00 lOB HxioPftkm SM9£HI lJ2lFu(lvLDnf>gurFdk Jli99 00 »(}tfu»vConf<4ui^l 11399 00 Call lof nthri conhgur .imnv STAR Grm>ni ID »349O0 Gfmini IS J4H9 00 S€>t*) Board ST.S Od OAlBVWHJTEn lOlHf iL*ir*.| tjb.l.iv] 1999 fXI r-.tior F^rtJ 1109 OO AID b30 J999 00 11769 00 ©Tel^ideo TeWMIPaALS 910 sssvuo 9J3t SbM9 tHi MOt S739 0(i 92 SC S7 1 '; 00 9SU J929 UO COMPUTERS IWOA tlZS^dl* K07 S;^b4''(>E^ *I1?M t4b4i 1*0 MOb 20 S4'*4« 00 {lib 40 lti^'4'i 00 801 ,,„ , J194900 16020 ..._ 1339900 I ("03 <.AII !VfC COMPUTERS booo Call 9iK>\A s;t9oo MSI ntflOO *0i; 1^49 00 PniNTCF ton T7lO,'77» »|0'3S30 t4S9 00 12749 00 [IS49 00 MONITORB JB-L26C 1 1 119 W JB-130i S14900 JC1212 SZ99 00 J<:-lI-}03 S299 OD JC 1203 .t549 00 A Call on Eagle S Bit & 1& Bir CompurErs «nd Software N100EMS HAVEB Sm*il iJiS IK) ^m*ii L2OOlL20OB*ud| S54V UU Chronusiaph S | 99 OD Mi4:i<im«lcm lOO 530^ 00 Htcinmolrm II 127^ (M3 MwmmDdrm II |u.L!h rr>m| S29g 00 NOVATiaru j-i '< si]4oa I 'I SI 44 00 Di ti S1S9 00 103 Sifnditi C'l SIA9 00 Applfdi II.. SZ79 M 103;2I2 ^m^rt C*l 1439.00 212 ApfflcCjl 11 IbO? 00 Apptf Cat ir Z I Z 'Jp^i^dr $309 DO AfUCHOR Ma.li llHS-232] $79 00 H41L. II tAiAii) $79 00 Maik II) ITI 49i $109 00 M*ik I\.<CBM,PET| H55O0 H^.k U lOsbmrwi S9S.00 MAik vn^BM-PC> $179 DO M^ik Vtl (Aulo Anftwri Calll 1119.00 TRb-BO Calm Uti^mpuir, 199 00 1 VcjIi P(.-.t, S«Mv S9 00 M-,k VIII . CALL MONITORS AMOEK :joo(. SIS4 uo 300A llblOO SIOG ,. JIJ9 00 510A J]fc900 I olpi I 1299 Otl CdIoi II . . ._ _ JS99 0<J ColoT 11 A 17^9 00 Colr^j 111 mq 0<i BMC IZAu 12 i.irrr^ S79 V9 NO) 13' tclvi lM>d Rn > 1369 OO VIVM 13 (_t.mpoi..(, 1329 00 TAXAN RGB I iHi->{eti i2'i'i QO HGB III 1499 00 12 N Cji«n _ 1119 00 IJAAmbrt SIZ5 00 ZEISIITM ^VM til J9900 Jil TrfitKhal Slfa9O0 BHARR 13 <:iil.Di TV S2b900 I9"t(.l6. Tt 133900 P. I 9" Gr**r p. 2 12 G.**r Pi 1 12" Amb«r Pi 4. 9" Ani^f UOOC 11 CotoT 199 00 111 9 00 11 59 00 SI 39 00 129^4 00 NEC 3SSaPRINTEn...S19Sa PERCChrt/TANOD^ OAlVEfi S'< IbOK DitbOnvt 1249 00 S-^ 330K Uitk[)iii.< S249 00 AMDEK 3tOA Ambrr H-nilor 31Dt.Gi#rn Mftniiai Amdiika'-" Oii^rji mboC^id b4K S 1 69 00 1 1 79^ 00 167* 00 1649 00 159*00 S429O0 OUBIE Pt K-Vb^*'d S219 00 aOFTHMARE HkioI^ij UoidSiai . Rfeil M>rgr 1319 OU 1 'J S tatyunid II 1249 00 I'.i S Kaw^pfHr. 1139 00 P<«rh Paclidqr :<^j| AP AF1| . 14|9.00 PHOFEBSIONAl. SOFTWARE tBH-K l^n.d ('..nrHin., 1^14 00 CONTINENTAI. eOFTWARE 1^1 (llitk MaiI loimLriiri INS.OO Thr HdAip ALiuiirl.anl i'lji. 1109 00 BYNARBE lilr Man^'Sfr 11 II 00 IMfVIS nd« l'h<in< SZ:)'^ READY FORMS r I.I T Aikknru. UlvKflTri.lLH I »^ilt 1<* 9^ 1^ Kcp^iirll'ripri Llidil>ii)i>rdl Hi 9» H -"llUrikU.'h.i.l'iHWffliAnfirl.^l S191T. H^~HlMklnwh>|>rtfTr>fri>rF>«d) 114 9^ SANYO MB lOOO (.ompiiiPE 1159900 INtl'IIJL&FHH^ SOUWArtl- MKKOPkO-WordsMi. trtli5,irtr, Mrtil Mt'igi' id Rfpiiil Sidr. MB IfeOAdi! nr Dti^t J519 0Q :SaOO Lrir«i QutOty P'inlf r S699 OO TIMEX SINCLjCklR lOOO laK Hfinuis M:>dulr 144 'i Vut-k 1179 Chech Book.Hfn«sfi SI3 9 TPir OigAiifcr 1 1 4 ') Thr Bud^rlri m 'i Vmk(>P<i.-in tU 1 lii..!. t H«itq*'it Amuttir^i 112 9 M.^l^.^lr Pimlri J I 09 □ RBVTE SOFTV^/ARE Gi^phifi 112 4 Homr Bjd^f'r' ll3 9 Horn* Inu^ninn IIZ 9 iKtimrT*' 114 9 H^gaMtnd 11 L 9 S^lw. 1)2 9 Thr Ouiv 111 9 Qz. commodore 1520 iloleit PiiAlfr Plodar | j 69 OO l52SS0Col Prinirr 1339.00 1530 D«iaMit> 169,00 1541 !>ifi9l«Dit1i Drtvr . .1334.04) 1600 VIC Modrnt. S95 00 16I0VIC T«(m40 . 149.00 1650 AO.'AA Modrm 1119 00 ]70t 14' ColDi Moniior 12b9 QO 1J1 I Ji>s<tiKh.(«ach| 16 99 I3IZ P«ddl» Ill 99 UIOVIC BK 14 2 00 lilt VIC 16K Ib9.00 JOl'l f<5232 lnt«rlac* 143 00 1211 Super t:ipindci SS3.00 1906 SLipcr Alitn 123.00 |9|0H«d«> H«i Kerr 123 00 19 1 7 t/DoDou C ■*■)« 179 00 1922 {.niiCiii Ctunfhir 13^ 00 1923 Carl 124 00 1924 nni#fla'Hac# 130 00 noVK 20 M»r<rrn<« Cu^dr 1 1 S OO CBM &* hrfrii-n. r Ouid* IIM 00 EASY QU8INE8B SERIES-Ga f.*tl'l' 139 00 K-.vlinMt* 1J9 00 L*tv M#.i 119 00 I AH' !»f iKpi 179 DO Wor4Ma(h>nr'NAmr M.achinf 123 00 PnOQRAftilMEjq BERIEB-ei Ai«#mbl«r I390O (fy. . . S79 0O Pilor 179.00 Pri t.nrilmiOl I2SO0 Viffr tdiinr flh OO Vid... »„,.„ Surix-M 139.00 ART ANO PirtUBIC BEniES'64 Muwf Mith^nr S25 00 .Munr (..imp,,,,F 125 00 Mns HiiiK I 179 00 COMMERCIAL OATA Miiiiii Mrju*#. 20 1^3 00 (.Vtillpcidr 3(! 123 ffi> lTi.gyrr.;/0 123 00 IfL^nrrb^ S23 0I> CREATIVE BOFTWARE Aurn HliM 132 00 fttarl. Hot*.- S32 00 IrMhmart 132. OO Hnmr »iln*rn* 127 00 ilom*Ji.>-M»rv 113 00 UIVIl ATniih J 30 00 M^lroi Rurt , , . 140.00 Al.rnHlii* 130.00 Viwim A ItbOO Thr Ali^n llbOO SHARP PC-1 BOO POCKET COMPUTER S1B9. pc-1 sso. . . saa.QO CF.150 Pnnlrr. Plol[». and C<» JnirrfacF Unil . .SI72I>0 (.r. ]S2Cait Hrcotdri J62 00 Cl.lJSPnnIo MKTnt;»i» JJI'JM) CBM 64 S39S VIC SO $139 S033 . 11039.00 4032 ,t73S00 )t094 1 ;t^i..d«- Kii IM9 OO WKW Si 4*9 00 2031 ., 1449 DO 4040 1949 00 IWSO 11279 00 «250 11*39.00 9060)5 MtgHD^ . . 1)999.00 9090)7 5 Miv. HDt 13199.00 4022 1389.00 ft023 118900 ft300 It489i>0 Sp«U Hau#i . 199 00 Zfi»m MidtCf^H itbAK . ...1149.00 Silicon (Mfic* 749 00 Cak Rnult 1159.00 Thf Karugri .1309.00 Hit SohHo™ , 1129.00 Jlniim CALL A1>A IbOOLBHiDpar^l jniri 189 (H AIM UUCHMw S#nal ln«Tfa(« 19900 PROFEBBtOPJAL BOFT^VARE Pawfr 17900 Infp Pip 1219.00 WcrdPrnZ plut . 1159 00 U'<i>dl>rn3 plui 1199 00 lL'<irdPrn4 plut 1299 00 Ward [>rr.5 plut 1299 00 AilmmiUiali.i 1379 00 Word PTc>b4 179 95 CAROCO VIC ZO & CBM M [j^shi P'" .132.00 CaiKlfr InltHacv 129.00 PjiiAlkl Piir^MT JiiMrfacf . . . IM 00 3Stoti:iipan>t Inf*rf*<f>r20nnlvl S32 DO bSlothJipflKt lnT>riUc«(20nn(vi 179 00 HEB Shjijnui)RUM| 129 00 Prol«1oti[HOMl .137 00 Hobor P*nk (ROM! _ $29 00 Pn«i«(ROM| 12900 Hi:S WrHri tRUMi 129 00 Call on our Large Selection of VIC 20 and CBM 64 Software, such as: EPYX, Microspec and KansaB Ci^y Software. PANASONIC .IRJOO* I 32h P,r» C-sTipur*. 1309 00 MOPJITORB rR-120 12' H>-Hri,Ginr>> 1159 DO ( 1 160 10 DmI htodr CoUh 1299 00 DT-LJIOOO 30' RGB 1349 00 Dr-[>1300 13~HGa Ci>-i*p<mdr Mt9 0Q computer mail order west BOO-648-331 1 IN NV. CALL {702J5BB-5654 □ EPT. tt SOS, P.O. eOX GSSSj STATELINE, NV S9443 IN re ON AT ION AL anacns: All thipmfnitou ■ □UCATID^Al. DISCOUNTS: Addtliunal ditl K«»0 £ FPO Add minimunii 15 00 lhipl>in^ on «tl < rtif Conimenid!. ' JniiFd Si«iek^ mi>«l br ptfpaid 4v (viiifird ch-rch o-itk' Inciudf 3% li l« art «o*iUble fri>m boih Ccmpuifr M jil 4}id<r tuCAiionk iti qu4lili«d t.4u< ii iimal Ini n 13 ClOi ihiipp^og .an-d hAidlin^ computer mall order Call on FRANKL[N Computers, Di&k Driv«%^ Boflwai^ and Special Sy^lem Offers! DISK DRIVES FOR APPLE G. FRANKCIN AZ iZbt 00 A40 ., ,$M9,M A70 »*S<I.OO C<7Coi»H*i»« *H1 (HI nANA DISK DRIVES n-rr L pttit lApplr [r>nkl»il CAll SYscors/i 4BK Colof- Computi APPLK COMPATlBLh se2s VI5ICORP for Applii, IBM & Franklin VnAt* ,,,.., HMfl DO Vi».ftlr -. SlSrOO Vniplar H59011 Viiirum __ ia<J 0(J Viniirtiil^Pkit JZ^y 00 V.»iSth«lole 12:29.00 D«i<i..p flM .. . ilHVOC] Vn.Kj,U (Appk II. CHM. mHl Sl79 UC Vl^K'iirp pill »■■* ('PI )KM may t«rv ^linhlly BnODER BOUND Appl'h-.m« S23IHJ {Ui-iii rtaai( - 127.00 Si.f UUr«r IM.OO ArcadT M^ch.Ac 134 00' LheplifTft fZ^.OO S*rp<nimc 12700 INFOCOM [>»dlmr lApplr. AiJiri. IBMI SJ^.DO Si«r Lr««i $29.00 ;arli I. II <>l III . 129. (» Hutidpxk []2SK Non Vi>liUrvl Sb49 00 AXLON Apcilt'lT^fnklin IZRK Kiim 1349 (HI ftppl./lninklln H-tm |).»1. fJM 00 KRAFT AfH>ir J«>V^i+- k 144 DO CQNITINENTAL T«K Adv«rt«3c lAppk>Al«ii) S4^ OD H>iirf AffPi (Aiiplf/Ai«nl. 159 W Ivlt. UufUI/fronn L«t1rr(Apgk> STi 00 Th« BwiknIAppI* 1(4 V5 Tht ikuikd Alait $14 «& T)i« Hook ol Appir (r»phi<t 114 4S DISK DRIVES FOR ATARt Ar Hd-Sl 1399 00 \t tW-AI .. S299 00 AT S9-SZ 1649 00 RrD40-Sl £519 00 HFrj40-AI 134 9 00 RFn 40-S7 lRa9 Of) Hf I) 44M $679 00 HM:i 44^^ 1999 00 FLOPPY DISKS MAXELL MH liHa»nl IQJI MO IKBoicat lOl » tv I (H"! m IliH-lHH S12 00 144.00 140 00 JSflllLI VERBATUM ^W S!y DD S2b Oi.1 5t-i'DSDD S3)>00 ELEPHANT 5W55 5I> 119 99 5H" ^^DD 124 99 SH-PS.DD 129 99 HEAD Uirii Hr*d (. IcAiif I 114 95 smil bdndiib <Appl«| . Rofi HunlApptfj l.^r FaUlApplrK •%r4-ffli(Tn lAppkl Sr.(ik. livir lApiilvJ \a\i l.ddiv (AiAiH lu illAg. l>radK' Durk iV'ICl . IZA.00 124 00 t74 00 S?4 00 124 00 12] 00 121 00 121 00 INTERFACES & ACCESaOniEB fU> [ill A|ipl^ lAid 1 ISHTiJO Aii^li- MAi..lJrl |'( iMirr Inirrldct Ib^J 00 Atd.rHSUtoi'^idlldl'iyiirrC *h9«> 129 CIO FtS212~-HS2J2 LdMei. 1?9 OO CiniirnnK^ PdrdlWI— PdidIkH (.dbbs 1Z9 (Ml C^lliTMn IBM. (Klxim^f'. Ild.^vwiirei Ai^n ( i.mmridin^. Appk dod f r-nklin liK rrfHi f HE\A/LETT PACKARO HP 7S S74S. HP4)C|Frrr MFinDryMod«>i:i SU't 00 HP IOC -.- Sr.900 HP lie , S7?00 HP I3C 19900 MP ISt S99fl0 MP I6C S9900 For HP 4T/-»1CV KPIL Module 199.00 HPIL C««tfiif (M PriniM SUSV.OO CaTdHcMiri 5l44 00 tjcirndtd Fun«iloflt Moduir lb4 OO r.m» Mmlul. 164.00 Mathmatkii P»<' 126 50 Krai fMtu F^e 140.00 A HOME COMPUTERS ATARI SOO 4BK ATARI BOO-16K ATARI 1SOC3-64K Call for price and availability on these tu'O new Computers from Atari. HLO Di>b Uiivf 1429 00 lnhamrK^boa.(dWiAi>ii4D0 1R9 0O 1010 Pi&ar»'n H«TD.dn 174 M I020 40Cnl Piint«T(f1fltlt» 1369 OO ]025SOCdI Piirttw $4*9 00 ej'O' Acpuiiii: Modrm 1 1 S9 00 H&0 Ini«irl*(« MiMJulc 1 1 1.9 DO tX40 Pf Jev»lick* 11*00 CX4lllHoinr M*n*«rt Kn S*>^ 00 L.\4l9B<><)k4>rp«> Hil 1195.00 CX482Cdu{'>tQr Kil 1124 00 CX48J Progr*min« K.1 154.00 CX48§ CommiuiicMChr Kk 1229 00 tX7IOI Eni.rt*in*f Kir lb* OO lnvii4hon tn Priiqiammin^ I .SIH.OO rnvil«1ion ti> Prr>q(#mn.mg II 120 OO tnvil«l.an ti> ^ntqiMjnniina Itl 130 OO 4002 tta*if Unau*9* .142.00 4003 AkM'mtakr F.dMw 147 .« K121 Mirro AsKt-bl** »i{|.9 00 8]26M,c.oSofi »t«J 405 Piln((t(lu.l - II0500 401 It Pilot (Hft(ii*| STIOO W)3bAi-nWnt<. »79 00 404 Vfati PrarmMif . S0S9 VttKalc . $119 OC *I59 00 133 00 133.00 133.00 .»3 00 129 00 (33 00 ATARI CtnuprAr [Ifkm^ GalaxMn ... Mii.t'tlr (.'''I'M ma ad ^t«r H**dm ............ Cx^riAinl K4r«., U? 00 t)i9[>Mq , JilOO Donkrv Konfl CAll £T Phonr H*m*. . . , . -, 139.00 tASiPni Frofii|l94ll $39 00 yiX .. .13100 SupTrman III $39 00 5larT*M. 133 00 Aiirroidt $29 00 ba»htlbil 12900 Cnmpuiri Ch«M S79 W Juggki Huuw 123 OO Mv Ftrbi Alphib*! 129.00 □ N-LINE Wiiud «>Kl PtirK-n» Ttn- N*iit Sl*p .......... Mi'i.iion Airirroid MmnkjiiATk . . . (.■«.•■ ltt«>(HOM| SciiiM-(>N-LINLPi[>dM<».-i<-'l' fa» AppJp ^-nd IBM I .all <0[ 4r SYNAPSE FikMiiusrraOOplut Cl»rk<rn !H()M| FitnK P*r*n™-(HOM| CUini J>>inp«i IRaM) >;i.cnrtH<lH> Stuimi.« IKUMI PiairrrorlKON) DMKtgrflKri |C/[>I NAuiilui ic/ni . . Shtdow Wovld IC/D'I Survn™. (C/Dl Drrna IC.'D) . . NrnoKMiH^rt (LVU^ PhMtoh'^CuTM-lC/U* Fan Ap<KaKrp*> [C/Dl Pmir b 13 7 OO 12 7 00 129 UO . 134 00 .122 00 131 00 1.11 00 lilblK) ..v^a-Uhlr AisrmUcT l>»k MAfLagfi □ATABOFT Panhr L<Mil Highvw C'nvcin ('UrUibrf . . Tumbl# Ruqn Sh^wrfirvi Airddr Ciownk and BrtlUxxli Gi'phic Hailri riiaphic (Jmcraroi MtriD P^irtWI . . . T«tWM-.d SfMtl Wijdird SJtiwlv ill t(|Vpl Moofi Shulllc. Tr»rl<l.m*1Ir* .-^...,.. ..llH 50 Nmilv Uud^rlvr... HH 50 t «»um h r<ini 124 00 l^tMilti i..>«h $1A60 juk«bui tnso Downhxll $1«.50 OuiU* J1B.S0 Holy Giail 124.00 Plainer PwBU SI ft, 50 NrvK"*rd C>*9'n. ......_........ 1 1 B.SO Nomlwr Blflil 113 50 Fru4Fn...irj 118 50 747 Land btmuUtH lldSO Bumpr. PcH.1 113 50 ALIEN Alan VoKr Baa. ......... Apfik ^oi^.r B'ls MEniORY Aalon 37K K.arn Allan 4tK R*x Allan IZSK Kvb iMfc 32K Bo«fd liUri; UK BoMii lM« 64K B^id i*00 o«lv^ WICO Jov«lKk Fa«OMi RrdBall App** IrachtuJI AtwiAHC TrM-Uull Applr Adapfcr Jft9 OO SJ4 00 S34 OO 134 OO 134 00 114 00 114 Oti 126 00 .126 00 .12b 00 12bO0 12bO0 126 00 126 00 l?b 00 1L9 00 UO OO 124 00 125 00 12.5 00 1?5 00 125 00 125 00 130 00 113 00 .12&00 179 00 161 OO 12S00 IZSQO 12^00 129 00 S1I9 00 .114900 )S9 0a 1139 00 1399 00 174 00 199 OO 1149.00 124 95 12695 159 OO ISSOO ll^bOO ATARI 400 16K . Sia9 3SK 5274' 48K 5299" 64K $359^ -Non-Arari Kan S.^; Oil 1.12 00 132 DO 13.; 00 15 9'^ l?4 no 121 00 111) 00 lib 00 11900 124 00 SI6 00 124 00 lib no 129 DO 116 (HI 134 00 134 00 134 00 124 00 145 OO 12 1 00 121 on KTdJv )'"<•'■ SiiTk Stand EPYX <. r'wpi o\ ihr > ■nd.TMd i uii^ .>l Ka hilir'VC'inr'V ^ K'Vr. Invailtin ()ti«0 King Ailhui'i. Hrii Moili>r\ Town Mrxur At Kigr' Srar Wairiut ■ Ippri H^ai hrii i I Aiiihai SPINNAKER 'Snnflppi Tionp*' 1 S*i<M>p*l T(<K>pS'2 l-dirMakri . Siorv Mlai-hinr [>'tta DTawirH) Hl>vm«k jtnd Hiddki Kindrr i u«ip naKi_AN Wuard ul War iFttlMI Drlu» IhvdtU-i jKOHl FIRST STAR A*Un iL'hav SIC3 5 (49rl QA^ESTAR Uaja Uu'g'gic ^iiHilball 134 00 139 OO 13400 i!4.95 124.95 BUDCeCO. H.1' I Blai< l_J.K. Li-ri'iPrrWi4O^H0C'»l Uitk JrMfi PrHrti 40 (.ol R»m LclifT Prrlrii HOCaI Hnoi Diia pMirn 40/110 Ci^l Dii.k Hail Mri^ SI 09 00 $179 00 1LJ9 00 179.00 S2I.9S CALl FOB APPUi/LJ.K PflODytTS BIT 3 HO Cu1i Caid lai AiJii HOO 1279 00 We also stock software by: Adventure International. Eduware, Creative Soft- ware, Dorsett Educational, IDSl. Romox and Artwora. Call for details and prices. comput^er mail order eaet; Noiisk.i 3X(<nin> itsi PA. CALL [717)3^7-9675 DEPT aG06.477 E. Third St. WiMiameport;, PA 17701 a d«'povh'OnC.O.L7.oid«r&. Pir-paidardt-fs rr(v<<. pfrrpf hipping uiihin ttx '.iP5CDntintn1aLUn'iCrdSiairi,t>rlivfrvZcH)e. wirhnawatrinyppnodlor ( nLiin l3.00)'thiDpinq and Nardl+ng on all C i).l7. tyiirti Largvi &h>prTiifni« mav Tcquirf addiiional char^^i NV/ knd PA ■r^M^mlkaddtal.T'i laii. Alt i ib*«s' NClTHi W* tltK inuf«clur«r\ «nd thi'd ^.^'Iv ioltw4r( |pi mini aU ( , Ihf r ■ illtl Call tcMlav lot hhfdchfrktoi nonrvor'd'rf.Ad'd lilabilirv and paler 630 IF SL>76 THEN SL=76 640 IF LEFT$ (N$,l) ="Y" THEN PRINT" {HOME} { 5 DOWN}"; :GOTO 3 30 650 PRINTlPRINT "HOPE YOU IMPROVED YOUR DI GIT SPAN": PRINT 660 PRINT "{REV}HIGHEST CORRECT DIGIT SPAN [OFF}";MA;"{UP}" Program 2: 40-Column PET/CBM And 64 Version Substitute the foUowi)i;f lines in Pivgraui 1 to nut on a 40-cohimn PET/CBM or the Coiniiiodorc 64. 470 PRINT " ":INPUT "{03 UP} *{03 LEFT}";A$ 560 IF FL=1 THEN PRINT " ": PRINT "f02 UP}"; 610 PRINT " ": PRINT "{02 UP}"; Program 3: vie version Substitute the following lines in Program 1 to run Memory Trainer on the VIC-IO. 40 GOTO 100 50 POKE 36878, 8;P0KE 36875 , 225 : FOR 1=1 TO 30:NEXT I:POKE 36875 , r RETURN 230 PRINT "{CLEAR} {REV}MEMORY TRAINER" 250 INPUT "DIG RATE (SEC/DIG) 1{03 LEFT}"; DR 270 REM DELETE THIS LINE FROM PROGRAM 1 280 INPUT "INIT SEQ LENGTH 5{03 LEFT}";SL 360 PRINT "{07 LEFTjGET SET":GOSUB 50:PRIN T "*":PRINT "{UP)";:FOR 1=1 TO 12 50:NEXT I:PRINT 470 PRINT " ":INPUT "{04 UP} *{03 LEFT}";A$ 540 PRINT: IF FL=1 THEN PRINT " { REV} INCORRE CT{OFF}-TRY LESS" : SL=SL-1 560 IF FL=1 THEN PRINT " ":PRINT "{04 UP}"; 580 PRINT "{REV}CORRECT{OFF}-TRY MORE ":S L=SL+1 610 PRINT " ":PRINT "[04 UP}"; 640 IF LEFT$(N$,1)="Y" THEN PRINT" { HOME} {0 4 D0WN}";:GOTO 330 650 PRINT"{CLEAR] {DOWN} " :PRINT "HOPE YOU I MPROVED YOURDIGIT SPAN!": PRINT Program 4: Atari version 200 REM MAX 95 DIGITS 210 DIM N(95),A«(95),N*<3) 220 MA=0:REM MA=MflX CORRECT SPAN 230 GRAPHICS 0:PRIhtT " {.Q SPACES>EHSE ESS h^rr;Ti.<:fc^rTg IU:r.M:T:1S": PRINT 240 PRINT "DIGIT RATE (SEC/DIG) 1 <:2 LEFTJ ■■;: INPUT DR 250 IF DR<0.5 THEN DR=0.5 260 PRINT 280 PRINT "INITIAL SEQUENCE LENGTH 5<;2 LEFTl ";: INPUT SL 290 IF SL<2 THEN SL=2 300 3 1 320 330 34 350 360 370 380 390 400 4 10 420 430 440 450 460 4 70 480 490 5 00 510 520 530 540 550 560 570 580 IF REM REM PRI REM POK PRI ) :P 1 T FOR N C I POK PRI J = PRI IF TH NEX PRI PRI PRI POK {2 IF FOR IF I=S NEX REM EQ REM SE PRI 4: -7 PAN IF IF PRI SL>9 MIN SEQ NT : SL FLA E 75 FOR NT " RINT D 50 1 = 1 ) =IN E 20 NT " 1 TO NT " CPEE EN 4 T I NT " NT : NT " E 75 LEFT LEN ( 5 THEN DIGIT LEN - PRINT ■ SH GET 2, 1: PRI 1 = 1 TO <.7 LEFT "*" : PR 0: NEXT TO SL T (RND < 1 , 0: POKE {up: " ; C 100: NE {LEFT} ■■ K ( 19) *2 20 {UP> PRINT " {96 SPA 2, 0: PRI > "-, : INP A«) < >SL SL = 95 RATE . MIN 2: 5 SEC/DI6 MAX 95 SET AND DIGITS NT :PRINT " HMj HT^n 300:NEXT I J GET SET" ; CHRS <253 INT "{UP:";:F0R I= I : PRINT ) tl0) 19, HR* ( N i XT J 5 N < I ) 56+PEEK ( 20) ) /60<DR I ) +176) ; : FOR INPUT ces> " NT " {; UT A« THEN 1=1 TD SL VAL ( A* ( I , I ) ) < >N < I L T I FL=0 - CORRECT - LEN BY ONE FL=1 - INCORRECT Q LEN BY ONE NT : IF FL=i THEN "EEHHIJIIEaj - TRY NEXT" :SL=SL-1 FL=1 THEN PRINT " FL=1 THEN PRINT " NT "{3 UP>"; DIGITS" :FL=0 : up> t FL=1 : GOTO 54 > THEN FL=1: INCREASES S - DECREASES POSITION 2, 1 A SHORTER S {80 SPACES)"; {20 spaces:- " : IF FL=1 THEN FDR J=l TO SL+1:PRI NT N(a);:NEXT JrGDTO 620 POSITION 2,14:-^ " Wtl :1 :1 iJtTi TRY A LONGER SPAN NEXTC3 SP ACES: " -. SL = SL+ 1 590 IF MA<SL-1 THEN Mfl=SL"l 600 PRINT "{38 SPACES!"; 610 PRINT "{56 spaces:" 620 POSITION 2,18:? "AGAIN {3 spaces: Y{2 left: ";: INPUT N*:I F SL'Cl THEN SL=1 630 IF SL595 THEN SL=95 640 IF N*(1,1)="Y" THEN POSITION 2,5 :GDTO 330 650 PRINT "{UP:H0PE YOU IMPROVED YOU R DIGIT SPAN ! " 660 PRINT :PRINT " EHgil^Si W.l:?:]^.*! ESj ng»l aSGII ";MA Program 5: Apple version 200 REM MAX 76 DIGITS 210 DIM N(76) 220 MA = 0; REM MA=MAX CORRECT SPAN 230 TEXT : HOME : INVERSE : PRINT "MEM ORY TRAINING PROGRAM": NORMAL 240 PRINT 250 INPUT "DIGIT RATE (1-10) ? " | DR 260 IF DR < 1 OR DR > 10 THEN 230 270 PRINT 280 INPUT "INITIAL SEQUENCE LENGTH '^ " ;SL 116 COMPUH! June 1983 COM-STAR F/T Tractor Friction Printer only n n • Lowest price quality tractor friction printer in the U.S.A. • Fast 80 characters per second • 40, 46, 66, 80, 96. or 132 characters per line spacing • Prints labels, letters, graphs, and tallies • List your programs • Print out data from modem services Deluxe COMSTAR Frr PRINTER — $299.00 The Comstar is an excellent addition to any micro-computer system. (Interfaces are available for Apple, VIC-20, Commodore-64, Pet, Atari 400 and 800, and Hewlett Packard) At only $299. tt^e Comslar gives you print quality and features found only on printers costing twice as much. Compare Ifiese features. • BI-DIRECTIONAL PRINTING with a LOGIC SEEKING CARRIAGE CONTROL for hlohor througfi-put In actual text printing. 80 characters per secor>d. • PRINTING VERSATILITY^ Standard 96 ASCII Character set plus block graphiics and Interna- llonal scripts. An EPROM character generator Includes up to 224 characters. • INTERFACE FLEXIBILirV: Centronics Is standard. Options Include EIA RS232C, 20mA Current Loop. (Add $20.00 for RS23Z) • LONG LIFE PRINT HEAD: 100 million Character Ills expectancy. • THREE SELECTABLE CHARACTER prrCHES: • 10. 12 or 1S.5 charbclers per Inch. 132 columns maximum. Double-width lont also Is standard for each character pitch. • THREE SELECTABLE LINE SPACINGS: 6, 8 or 12 lines per Inch. • PROGRAMMABLE LINE FEED: program- mable length from 1/144 to 25S/144 Inches. • VERTICAL FORMAT CONTROL: program- mable form length up to 127 lines, useful for short or over-sized preprinted forms. • FRICTION AND TRACTOR FEED: will accept single sheet paper, • 224TOTAL CHARACTERS • USES STANDARD SIZE PAPER If you want more try — Premium Quality COMSTAR F/TSUPER-10" PRINTER — $389.00 More Features Than MX-80 For $250 Less For $389.00 you get all of the features of the Comstar plus 10" carriage, 100 cps, 9 x 9 dot matrix with double strike capability for 18 x 18 dotmatrlx. High resolution bit Image (120 x 144 dot matrix), underlining, backspacing, 2.3K butter, left and right margin settings, true lower descenders, with super and subscripts, and prints standard, italic, Block Graphics, special characters, plus 2K of user definable characters. For the ultimate in price per- formance the Comsiar Frr Super 10" leads the pack I 80 COLUMN PRINTER $199 Super silent operation, 60 CPS, prints Hi- resolution graphics and block graphics, ex- panded character set, exceptionally clear characters, fantastic print quality, uses inex- pensive thermal roil paper! Double Immediate Replacement Warranty We have doubled the normal 90 day warranty 10 ISO days. Therefore if your printer fails within "180 days" from the dale of purchase you simply send your printer to us via United Parcel Service, prepaid. We will IMMEDIATELY send you a replacement printer al no charge via United Parcel Service, prepaid. This warran. ty, once again, proves that WE LOVE OUR CUSTOMERS! 15 DAY FREE TRIAL OTHER OPTIONS Extra Ribbons i 5.95 Roll Paper Holder 32.95 Rol I Paper 4.95 5000 Labels 19-95 11IX) Sheets Fan Fold Paper 13.95 Add $20.00 shipping, handling and insurance. Illinois residents please add 6% tax. Add $40.00 tor CANADA. PUERTO RICO, HAWAII, ALASKA orders. WE DO NOT EXPORT TO OTHER COUNTRIES. Enclose cashiers check, money order or personal check. Allow 14 days for delivery. 2 lo 7 days (or phone orders, 1 day express mail available!! Canada orders must be In U.S. dollars. ENTERPRIZES i^ctort ™recii BOX SSO, BARRINQTON. ILLINOIS eOOlO Phon* 312/3<2-S244 lo order COMSTAR F/T 1 mn f=> 1=1 d r- ^ t UL "v ABCDEF6HI JKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcde-fgh a jklmnopqrstuvwx y 1:1 234567890 .MNOF-OF^STLJVWXVZ ^ti -F «3 h i J l< 8UPER-10" ABCZDE:I=-|3IH X aKL.MNaF>CaR8TU VM X V z ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPOftSTUVWXVI 123'4S^7S<70 June 1983 COMPUTi! 117 420 FOR K = 1 TO DR 430 NEXT I 450 PRINT : PRINT : S":FL = 460 PRINT " 290 IF SL < 2 THEN SL = 2 130 MA=0 300 IF SL > 76 THEN SL = 76 140 CALL CLEAR 320 REM SEQ LEN - MIN 2; MAX 76 150 CALL SCREEN (12) 330 PRINT : INVERSE : PRINT "CURRENT D 160 FOR 1 = 5 TD 8 IGIT SPAN";: NORMAL : PRINT '■ " ; SL 170 CALL COLOR < I , 1 4 , 1 6 ) 340 REM FLASH GET SET AND DIGITS 180 NEXT I 350 PRINT : FLASH : PRINT "GET SET";: FDR 190 PRINT ■■<:6 SPACES> MEMORY TRAINER I = 1 TO 300: NEXT I: NORMAL : HTAB 1: PRINT "BET SET"; 200 FOR 1=1 TO 3 360 PRINT CHR* (7): PRINT "»";: FOR I 210 PRINT = 1 TO 1250: NEXT I 220 NEXT I 370 FOR I = 1 TD SL 230 INPUT "DIBIT RATE (1-10) ? " : DR 3B0 N(I) = INT ( RND (1) * 10) 240 IF DR< 1 OR DR>10 THEN 140 400 HTAB 1: INVERSE ; PRINT NCI);: FOR 250 PRINT J = 1 TO 100; NEXT J; NORMAL 260 INPUT "INITIAL SEQUENCE LENGTH 410 HTAB Is PRINT N<I>;: IF I = SL THEN ? " : SL HTAB 1: PRINT " "; 270 IF SL<2 THEN SL = 2 » 100: NEXT K 280 IF SL>90 THEN SL=90 290 PRINT PRINT "INPUT DIBIT 300 PRINT 310 PRINT 320 PRINT "CURRENT DIGIT SPAN "&STR "5 «(SL) 470 PRINT " 330 PRINT ": VTAB 13: PRINT "*";: HTAB 340 PRINT 1: INPUT "";A* 350 IF H*<>"Y" THEN 390 4B0 IF LEN (A*) < > SL THEN FL = 1 : GOTO 360 FOR 1 = 1 TO 6 540 370 PRINT 490 FOR I = 1 TO SL 3S0 NEXT I 500 IF VAL < MID* (A*, 1,1)) < > N(I) 390 PRINT "get set" THEN FL = 1:1 = SL 400 PRINT "«" 510 NEXT I 410 FOR 1=9 TO 1 1 520 REM FL=0 - CORRECT - INCREASES SE 420 CALL COLOR ( I , 1 , 7 > Q LEN BY ONE 430 NEXT I 530 REM FL=1 - INCORRECT - DECREASES 440 FOR 1 = 1 TO 200 SEQ LEN BY ONE 450 NEXT I 540 IF FL = 1 THEN INVERSE : VTAB 15: 460 FOR 1=9 TO 11 PRINT "INCORRECT";: NORMAL : PRINT 470 CALL COLQR(I,2,l) " - TRY A SHORTER SPAN NEXT " : SL = 4 80 NEXT I SL - 1 490 CALL SOUND ( 1 50 , 300 , 1 ) 550 IF FL = 1 THEN PRINT " 500 FOR 1=1 TD 200 "; 5 10 NEXT I 560 IF FL = 1 THEN PRINT " 520 FOR 1 = 1 TO SL ": VTAB 1 530 N ( I ) = I NT ( RND* 1 ) 540 CALL HCHAR (23, 3, N ( I ) +48) 550 FOR J=l TO DR«20 560 NEXT J 570 CALL HCHAR (23, 3, 32) 580 FOR K=l TO 10 590 NEXT K 600 NEXT I 610 CALL HCHAR (23, 3, 32) 620 FL=0 630 PRINT 640 PRINT 650 IF H«<>"Y" THEN 690 660 FOR 1=1 TO 4 670 PRINT 6B0 NEXT I 690 PRINT "INPUT DIGITS" 700 INPUT "«":A* 710 PRINT 720 PRINT 730 FOR 1=1 TO 200 7 40 NEXT I 750 IF LEN(A*)=SL THEN 780 760 FL=1 770 GOTO 850 Program 6: TI-99/4A Version 7S0 FDR 1 = 1 TO SL ^ 790 IF VAL (SEG* (A*, I , 1 > ) =N ( I ) THEN 8 100 RANDOMIZE 20 110 REM MAX 90 DIBITS 800 I=SL 120 DIM N(90) 810 FL=1 118 COMPUIl! June 1983 570 IF FL = 1 THEN FDR J = 1 TO SL + li PRINT RIGHT* < STR* <N<J)),1>; : NEXT J: GOTO 620 580 VTAB 15: INVERSE : PRINT "CORRECT" ; 1 NORMAL t PRINT " - TRY A LONGER SPAN NEXT ":SL = SL + 1 590 IF MA < SL - 1 THEN MA = SL - 1 600 PRINT " 610 PRINT " ": VTAB 18 620 HTAB 1: VTAB 19: INPUT "AGAIN (Y D R N) ? ";N«: VTAB 19: HTAB 18: PRINT IF SL < 1 THEN SL = 1 630 IF SL > 76 THEN SL = 76 640 IF LEFT* (N*,l) = "Y" THEN VTAB 6: GOTO 330 650 PRINT ! HTAB 7: PRINT "HOPE YOU IM PROVED YOUR SPAN!": PRINT 660 HTAB 7: INVERSE : PRINT "HIGHEST C ORRECT DIGIT SPAN";: NORMAL : PRINT " "I MA I VTAB 23 TURN YOUR COMPUTER INTO A FULL-BLOODED WORD PROCESSOR. VIC 20" and Commodore 64'" users, something very clever is lying in wait for you. Its called Quick Brown Fox!" Quite simply. Quick Brown Fox is tine quickest, easiest to learn, user-friendliest — and most versatile — word processing software running. Take a look at some of these crafty features. You get full editing, even on standard displays. (The Fox supports most 80-column boards too.) You get automatic reformatting of edited text, not the tedious paragraph-by-paragraph runaround. There's more. You get single- key operation, text moving, boilerplating, tab and margin settings, right justification, proportional spacing. You get in- telligent software that uses less computer memory. (That's how come it even works with an off-the-shelf VIC 20.) You also get compatibility with a wide range of printers — plus plenty more. And you get it all for only $65. Doesn't that make you want to trot through your texts with a Quick Brown Fox? QUICK BROWN FOX " Call or write for more details: 548Broadway, NewYork, NY 10012 (212) 925-8290 Dealer Inquiries Invited )1983 Quick Brown Fox 820 830 840 850 860 870 880 890 900 910 920 930 940 950 960 970 980 990 1000 1010 1020 1030 1040 1050 1060 1070 10B0 1090 1 100 1110 1 120 INCREASE 5EQ NEXT I REM FL=0 -CORRECT LEN BY ONE REM FL=1 -INCORRECT- CALL CLEAR IF FL=0 THEN 980 PRINT "INCORRECT-TRY A SHORTER SPAN" PRINT SL=SL-1 PRINT "YOUR RESPONSE= H«="" FOR 1=1 TO SL+1 H* = H«8<STR« <N<I ) ) NEXT I PRINT PRINT "ACTUAL SEOUENCE= GOTO 1020 PRINT " CORRECT-TRY A LONGER AN" I A« H* SP 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 SL=SL+1 IF MA>=SL-1 THEN 1020 riA=SL-l FOR 1=1 TD 10 PRINT NEXT I PRINT "{6 SPACES>AGAIN ) ? " CALL KEY (0, F, STATUS) IF STATUS=0 THEN 1060 H«=:CHR* (F) CALL CLEAR IF H*="N" THEN 1120 GOTO 320 PRINT "HOPE YOU SPAN ! " FOR 1=1 TO 10 PRINT NEXT I FOR 1=3 TD 4 CALL COLOR < I , 13, 12) NEXT I "-HIGHEST < Y OR N IMPROVED YOUR 1200 1210 1220 1230 1240 1250 PRINT SPAN-" PRINT PRI NT PRINT FOR 1 = NEXT I END i 1 1 TD CORRECT DIGIT SPACES> ( " ; MA; " ) 500 ^^^^^^1^ "f»T»^;H:w ra^prTTTrT: DIGIT RATE CSEC/DIG} ?1 INITIAL SEQUENCE LENGTH ?5 SET SET INPUT DIGITS ?ie246 BmngBi - TRV A LONGER < SPAN NEXT AGAIN 1 ■Hit HB^^^^^b^H^H^Kr >=r::3w-3^^^^^^^Hflil^^B " ' ■ \'A'iL--. i-i**-:-!":^?*"''';' 'Mciuonf Trainer," Atari version. (Other versions similnr.) <.'" lANGUAfiE UTILITIES for AEAM 400/800/1200. i Sett I ware Utility pTOgTiimS l^^^^' require no software ^^^^ modifications and art* ,1 nui-;! for .ill serious ATARI BASIC prcj^rilnlmLTS- CASnUP 1.G & Z.0 To copy most BOOT tapes and cas&ette dat.i files. 1-1) i5 a file copier. 2.0 is a sector copier. Cassette onlv S24.95 CASDIS To transfer moat BOOT lapes and cassette data files to disk. Disk onlv S24.95 FULMAP BASIC UtilLt>' Package. VMAP'Vanablt? cross-reference, CMAp-con5t(inl cross-reference (include!^ indin^ct address references), LMAf-Jirxi.' number crtis^-reference, FMAP-all of the iibove. Will list "unlistable" programs- Also works with ftditor; Assembler cartridge to allow editing oi string packed machine language subraulines. All outputs may be dumped to printer. Cassette or Di5kS39.95 DISASM To disassemble machine lan)5;ujge programs. Works with or withotit Editor Assembler cartnd}*e. May be used to up or down load single boot files. Ail output can be dumped to printer. Cassette or Disk S24.95 DISOtfP For disk sector ir\formation copying. May specify single sector, range of secton, or all . Copies :n*iiv be made without read varify, DiskS24.95 \]G products are available af computer stores, B. Dalton booksellers and independent dealers around the world. If IJC products are not available from vour local dealer, order direct. Include S-l.DOforshippingand handling per item. Foreign residents add Sll.OO plus purchase price per item. U.S. funds only please. IJC, Inc. 1953 W. 11th Stree! Upland. California 91786 Phone; 714 946-5S05 IT'SJIISr GREAT! Learn to program the ATARI Three new ATARI books for the seriousprograrnmerandbeginiBr. are now distributed by IJG. (or use with the ATARI 400 and 800 microCDmnutor systems. ATARI BASIC, Leanbig B) Using, tils is an action book^Vou program JUiil more tlian you read it. Vnu use it. ypu discover with it, you create it. Learn ATARI BASIC essily ttirougli the iliort prDgrams provided. A great sourcs Ql work problems forteacner or student. 73 pages. ISBN 3-a2-16B?-B6-XS5-95. Games For Th( ilTJUII. Provides cleas on how lo create your own compuier games. Contains prittiariJy BASIC examples but, tor very advanced programmers, a machine language example is included at the end of the book. 115 (jages. ISBN 3-91 f 682-84-3 S7. 95, How Itr Program Your ATARI In tS02 Haclilae Language. To teach tie novice computer user masWfie language, Ihe use of an asfcbler, and how to cali &ut)rDutines from ttie BASIC ifiterpreler. 106 pages, ISBN 3-92 «682-97-5 S9 95. IJG products are availgbfe at computer stores. B. Oaiton Bookselters and IndepencJent deal&rs around the world If IJG products are not available from your local dealer, order direct Include 54.00 for shipping ar^d tWnrHing per item. Foreign residents addStt.DO plus purchase price per Item. U.S. lunds only please. IJG, Inc. 1953 W. 11th Street Upland, California 91786 Phone: 714,'946-5805 Kit^fromPJ^ irsiUSTGREttT! *l*Hi TM WacnefComfnuni:^tiGns nc 120 COMPUTi! June1<?83 Will This Happen to You? ► NOT IF YOU BUY YOUR PRINTER FROM... ^^..--^^^Si ■hZii ""■"•"'"■'• ■■'^^" 1 • ■■■■■:'■■■■■ .-■■•■ifmm. -1^^^ ■ ■jji^..:.::r.:^ .-.l^^t^^^^^^M ^m-r^mirvfg^^^m After reading this issue of Compute, you are now fully aware of the many outstanding printers on the market today. But what you might not be aware of is the printer ttiat you lil<e best might not be compatible with your computer and software. At The Printer Store, we specialize in printers so our experienced professional staff can help you choose the right printer for personal and business needs. When you buy a printer from us you can be assured that not only will you receive a great LOW price, but also: • FULL FACTORY AUTHORIZED SERVICE • FREE TECHNICAL CONSULTATION • FULL AFTER SALE SUPPORT imtmm C. ITOH 8510 Prowriter Adjustabl/^ac o,s s'XT'- '^S'^-^^^king . , Comdex CR-'* DOT MATRIX printers EPSON SERIES FX80 SCALL MX 100 S CALL OKIDATA SERIES 82 A $380 83A $685 92A S CALL 93A S CALL 84 (parallel) SCALL C. ITON SERIES 8510 Prowriter $395 Prowriter II S CALL IDS SERIES Microprism 480 SCALL Prism 80 S CALL Prism 132 SCALL GEMINI SERIES Gemini 10 $339 Gemini 15 SCALL NEC 8023 S CALL Toshiba P 1350 $1750 LETTER QUALITY printers BROTHER SERIES HR-1 (parallel) $815 HR-1 (serial) SCALL COMREX SERIES CR-1 (parallel) S CALL HR-1 (serial) S CALL Translarl30 $785 C. ITOH SERIES F-10 40 CPS $ CALL F-10 55 CPS Oaisywriler SCALL NEC SERIES 3510 $1575 3530 $1850 3550 $ CALL 7710 S24Z5 7720 $2900 7730 $2400 SCM-TPI $585 ,B^ selectee tVP^-,ng Co-.rexCR-^ Ust.100 >^ serial . INTERFACE EQUIPIVIENT Apple Dumplings $145 Grajipler Plus $165 CCS Apple Serial Interface & Cable S150 Complete stock of Epson Accessories .... $ CALL Custom Printer Cables for Apple, Atari, IBM, TRS-80 (all models) ... $ CALL Printer stands: large $95 Printer stands: small $25 Printer ribbons S CALL Hayes Micromodem II ... S CALL We carry a full line of Cables and Accessories Call (213) 470-1888 and ask us about. . . 1) LOW PRICES 2 FREE INTERFACING BOOKLET 3 FREE TECHNICAL SUPPORT 4 FULL SERVICE OPTION THE PHONE REBATE Printer We are so conlidenl of our LOW PRICES and SUPPORT that we are going lo ask you to make tlie initial investment by calling us. In return, wfien you buy your printer from us. we will rebate the cost of your call and deduct it from your invoice. HOW TO ORDER: Our phone lines are open from 6 a. in lo6pni PST Monday- Friday We accept VISA, h/IASTERCHARGE (at no exlrn charge] personal checks take two weeks to clear COD's accepted. Same-day shipment on orders placed before 1 p m Manufacturer's warranty applrcable on all equip- ment Prices subject to change STORE ~ 2357 Westwood Blvd., West Los Angeles, CA 90064 The Pnnler Store 19B3 k MusicMaster For The Commodore 64 / Chris Metcalf and Marc Sugiyomo T}m cxceUcnt program s/»/((/rtft'5 n rcnltinie, full-fuuctioii, sijutJw^izfr control panel for Commodore 64 sound and imisic. Your keyboard becomes the co)uicction between you and the sounds you hear. The screen displays a double piano keyboard and the status of the other elenie)its of the sounds you are creating. Music Master's functions include: slide, one-key access to all the prhnar\/ chords, tind're, envelope, duration, octave, ^, ^^ maintain, polyphony, waveform, and others. ^^' All available immediately and automaiically from the keyboard. The poiver and versatility of the 64's "music syn- thesizer on a chip" offer the progratnmer-}}uisician extraordinary control over sound: its sliape, color, even interactions between sounds (modulation). There is much freedom, but this also means that there are mam/ aspects of each sound for the programmer to control. MusicMaster automates this control: for example, you can play chords as easily as si}igle tiotes. Above all, you'll learn the meaning of the various sound registers - because you'll hear the effect as you change the regis- ters. Nozv you can begin to fully explore the amazing sounds of the 64. Enter the MusicMaster program into your Com- modore 64 as you would enter any other BASIC program. MusicMaster includes two short machine language subroutines in DATA state- ments, so be certain tliat all those numbers are entered correctly. After you have entered and 122 COMPUTE! June 1983 saved the program, run it. Be sure that the volume of your television or audio output device is turned up enough so that you can hear the computer. Shortly before the message "PLEASE STAND BY" has left the screen, the computer will display the instructions. Across the top of the screen,' you will find a row of indicators. The first item on this row is the OCTAVE, which has a range from one to eight. This is followed by the VOICE number, which indicates the particular /»;;/)rf of your output. After this is a series of letters which indi- cate the current mode of operation. These modes will be described below. The last indicator is the VOLUME, with a range of to 15. The Double Keyboard Under the indicator line are the two musical keyboards. They indicate where on the computer's keyboard the musical keyboards can be found. ^-?J^c^t''^ s-^^Mx^^ 568 .»• e« t*sts,.^^--'.-.t«. 3^-«e\ ml\ 1M dafd spte .u^d?«ftes<i.f^rt.e^o'^ evef ed^o cf eate =t oro9'*Tadde«i *®,^ twat> o--:"- ato^e jnd if Vtet to' daV- nce jages^ .^^^.^^^ffo^ ^-rftP^^^v^'- 10 oft*-'*-::;'' na\ y el >^ ft twee "-^a pages o^^.^aved fst ce^^^' ° screen ^'^'^ stieets- , furic^ the*"' to <"a^® ""res""'"' tion and .^vSv>ra°ea^^-,^,.ove \tv»n9 ad- ■tior* < .-^^f- eac..-j:i;^.^^^i^<*^^"^ lot'^.^To^oa^i' .ef»^^' VvVeS llsiC. 509- ^^ ommcKtore (i4 ,s , i;ademark ^^l -Dmmodore iusTness 'jlachines Caic ResuH s .< ^rademaih i -iandic Software '\B. 300V^.**^"o.P""'-"' oo tW \£^ Alspa Computer, Inc. TTb (Xice-pcrformance leader. Includes Z80A, 1 or 2 tull 8" drives Idouble density, double sided), 3 serial and 1 parallel port, and Winchester port. Prices start at less than S2000. DEALER and OEM inquiries inviled. SPECIALS 6502 6502A/6512A 6520 PIA 6522 VIA 6532 2114-L200 2716EPR0M 2532 EPROM 6116 2Kxe CMOS 4116 RAM Zero Insertion Force on INTREGATED CIRCUITS 7.45 10/6,95 50y6.55 JOO/6.15 8,40 10/7.95 50/7,35 100/6,90 5.15 10/4,90 50/445 100/4.15 6.45 10/6.10 50/5.75 100/5.45 7,90 10/7,40 50/7,00 100/6,60 2.45 25/2,30 100/2.15 4,90 5/4.50 10/4.00 7,90 5/745 10/6,90 FWM 7.90 5/7,45 10/6,90 8 for 14 24 _pin Socket JScanbeJ 2,00 Hewlett Packard Anchor Automation Signalman Modems FREE SOURCE MEMBERSHIP WITH SIGNALMAN All Signalman Modems are Direct Connect, and include cables lo connect to your compuler and to the leleptione. Signalman Modems provide the best price- performance values, and start at less than S 1 0O Dnlir iii DEM Intilriii 'iillid Mark I RS232 |99| 79 Mark II lor Atari 850 (99) 79 Mark IV (or CBM/PET with software {169) 119 Mark V for Osbofne (sottwafe available) (1 29) 93 Mark VI for IBM Personal Compuler (279) 195 Mark VII Auto Dial/Auto Answer (179) 119 Mark VIII Bell 212 Auio Dial/Answer (399) 319 DC HAYES Smirtncdem DC Hayes Smartmodem 1200 219 545 Apple Emuliter for CDmrnodint &4 ' Scrtigmilter 80 COLUMN CARD for C64 SolM Oik 2 Lml Slind lor C64 gr VIC C64/VIC Switch (networking! BACKUP V1.0 tape copier for C64 or VIC CAROBOARD/6 Motherboard - VIC CAaDAPTER/l Alan VCS Adapter - VIC CARDPRINT Prirtter Interlace - C54/VIC CARDB0ARD/3S Motherboard - VIC CARDETTE/1 Cassette interface - C64/VIC CARDRITER LIghtpen - C64A/IC CARDRAM/_16 RAMJjipanskin • VIC We carry Apple 11+ from Bell & Howell 89 155 29 135 20 79 69 64 32 32 32 64 Apple Emulito[> tor Comniodore 64 I6K RAM Cini lor Apple S*tld Oik 2 Lml Stind for Apple Supet Serial Card Thunderclock Hus Z80 Softcard and CP/M (Microsoft) Parallel Printer Inlerface/Cable Apple Dumpllit (Micralekl Printer hterlice Apple Dumpling wllb 15K Butter Grappler + Interface TG Products for Apple in stock DC Hayes Micromo(fem II Videx 80 Coiymn Card Hifdii Stttwire for Apple 20% OFF PIE Wrilir Wild Pncctur 59 29 149 119 235 79 lis 160 140 299 239 120 B commodore S« us for PsreiiniL Bujineis. ind Educitlanal nquirements. EduGitlonil Discounts available. PETSCAN $245 base price Allows you 10 connect up to 30 CBM/PET Computers lo shared disk drives and punters. Completely transparenl to the user. Perfect for schools Of multiple word procjssing con- figurations. Base configuration supports 2 computers. AtJdi- tional computer hookups SI 00 each. Commodore COMMUNICATES! COMPACK $115 Intcllinent Terminal Package includes: acia hardware based interface: DB26 Cable and STCP Software with remote telemetry, transfer to/lram disk, printer output, XON-XOFF ointrol, iser program control, status line VE-2 IEEE to ParBllel Interface 110 Includes case, power supply, lull 8- bit transmission, and switch selectable character conversion to ASCII VIC 20 Pnductt BACKUP Vt.O VIC RAM Ciidt in itock VIC Siipirf ipindir VIC 16KRAM Thtfi EMI Seltwin HES Stllwire VIC Omega Race Spiders of Mars (UMI) Programmers Aid VICTOBY Soltwire Street Sweepers Night Rider Treasures of Bal Cave Games Pack I Victory Casino Adventure Pack II 12 11 12 12 8 12 VIC Sargon II Cless VIC GORF Meteor Riri |UMI| VIC Ridir Rilrtce Amok lUMII Snakman fiubiks CutDe Programmers Re'erence Renaissance (UMI) VIC Adventure Series tor VIC ind C54 Maze in 3-D Cosmic Debris Grave Robbers Advert Games Pack 1 1 Adventure Pack I Trek Commodore 64 Programmers Reference Guide Compute's First Book of PET/CBM POWER ROM Utilities lor PET/CBM WordPro 3+ - 32K CBM, disk, pnnler WordPro 3+/B4 WordPro 4+ - 8032, disk, printer SPELLMASTER ipeltlng checker lor WordPro VISICALC lor PET ATARI, or Apple PETHAX PET to Epton Gnphlcs Soltwire SM-KIT eiiliinced PET/CBM ROM Ulllltles Programmers Toolkit ■ PET ROM Utililies Branding Iron EPROM Pragnmmer lor CBM PET Spacemaker II ROM Switch 2 Meter PET to IEEE or IEEE to IEEE Cable Dust Cover fof PET, CBM, 4040, or 8050 VIC or C64 Parallel Printer Interlace CmC IEEE-RS232 Prinle( Interface — PET SADI Intelligent IEEE-RS232 or parallel ZRAM - CBM 64K RAM, Z80, CP/M Prognmming the PET/CBM ICompotel) — It. West Compute' First Book ol VIC Whole PET Cattiog (Mldnlglit Guetle) Color Chart Video Board lor PET PET Fun and Games (Cursor) Disk ICU— Disk Recovery System for PET/CBM Copy- Writer Word Processor lor C64, PET/CBM REVERSAL (Spracklen) Apple or Atari SARGON II — Apple or TRS-BO Apple II User's Guide (OsOocne) Introduction to Pascal (Sybex) Pascal Handbook (Sybex) Musical Applications of Micros (Cliamberlin) Starting FORTH Discover FORTH User Guide to the Unix System 6502 Assembly Language Subroutines COMAL Handbook KAMIKAZE (Hayden Soltware-Apple) 12 12 11 12 12 _11 17 11 78 195 69 300 no 190 40 35 35 75 36 40 8 64 120 235 550 20 11 8 125 11 40 70 25 26 12 13 16 20 14 12 13 11 16 28 DISK SPECIALS Scotch (3M) 5" ss/dd Scotch (3M) 5" Os/dd Scotch (3M) 8" ss/sd Scotch {3M) S'' ss/dd 10/2,25 50/2,10 100/2,05 10/3,15 50/2 90 100/2,85 10/2,40 50/2,20 100/2.15 10/2.95 50/2.70 100/2.65 We stock VERBATIM DISKS Writs for Dnler and OEM prices. BASF 5" or 8" 10/2,00 20/1,95 100/1,85 NEW BASF Qualimetric Disks also in stock Wabash 5"ss/sd 10/ 1,80 50/ 1.75 100/ 1.70 Wabash 5" ss/dd 10/2,00 50/1,96 100/1,90 Wabash 8" ss/sd 10/ 2,00 50/ 1,95 100/ 1,90 We Stock MAXELL DISKS Write lor dealer and OEM prices. Disk Storage Pages 1 for S5 Hub Rings 50 for S6 Disk Library Cases 8"— 3,00 5"— 2.25 Head Cleaning Kits 1 1 CASSETTES— AGFA PE-61i PREMIUM High output, low noise, 5 screw housings, C-10 10/ ,61 50/53 100/50 c-jo 1 ores _ so/ ,82 i oo/ .7o SPECIALS Zenith ZVM-1 21 Green Phosphor Monitor 100 BMC 1 2A 1 2" Green Monitor 80 VOTRAX Personal Speech System 280 VOTRAX Type-N-Talk 160 VOICE BOX Speech Synthesizer (Apple or Atari) Profiler 8510 parallel 389 Okidata 92 520 Daisywriter 2000 1050 Many printers available (Star-Gemint. Brolher. OKI, etc) We Stock AMDEK Moniton AmdekDXY-1 00 Plotter 600 A P Products ISPbOFF Walanabe InlelliQent Platter 990 6-pen 1290 ISOBAR 4 Oiititt Siiiit Suppressor/Noise Filter 49 We stock Electrohome Monitors dBASEII(e"(ormat) 300 Panasonic TR-120M IP 12" Monitor (20 MHz) Panasonic CT-160 Dual Mode Color Monitor 149 285 USI Video Monitors— Green or AMBER 2D MHz hi-itt. Deiler ind DEM Inquiries Inirlled ALL BOOK and SOFTWARE PR[CES DISCOUNTED Synertek SYM-I Microcomputer SALE 169 KTM-2/80 Synertek Video and Keyboard 349 rgMint data systems Z29 Terminal (neiv detached keyboanll 680 rr-1 Intelligent Communications Teminei with Monitor 479 Zi 00 16-bi(/6-bit System CALL We slock entire Zenith line. ATARr SPECIALS WE STOCK ENIIflE LINE— write for prices. AtirilZOO Voice Box Inside Alan DOS Thoni EMI Sotlwire EdaFiii Saltwin 749 100 18 oix Anchor Modem — Aliri Atai BnjMci (Ccniputej) Firtt Book of Abri AFX Softwin 252 Bethlehem Pike Colmar. PA 18915 215-822-7727 A B Computers WRITE FOR CATALOG Add $1 25 per order for sliipping. We pay l>alaix:e ol UPS surface charges on all prepaid orders. Prices listed are on cash discount tHSis Regular pnces slightly higher Prices Stibiect to Change KMMM Pascal lor PET/CBM/G 64 $B5 A subset of standard Pascal with extensions. - Mactiine language Pascal Source Editor with cursor oriented Winion mode, - Machine Language P-Code Compiler - P-Code to mactiine language translatof (or optimized object code. - Run-time package - Floating point capability - User manual and sample programs Requires 32 K _ Please specify configuration. iARLforPEfiMiebasefl^ Eilltor. AsMmbler. Rilgcattf. UiiltBr Generates relwatable object code using MQS Technology mnemonics. Disk file input (can edit liles larger than memoryl. Links multiple object programs as one memory load Listing output to screen or printer. Entianced ettitor operates in both command mode atid cursor/"window' mode. RAM/ROM for PET/CBM 4K or BK bytes of soft ROM with optional battery backup. RAM-ROM is compatible with any large keyboard machine. Plugs into one of the ROM sockets above screen rremory to gn/B you switch selected write protectable RAM. Use RAM/ROM as a software development tool to store data or machine coOe beyond the normal BASIC range. Use RAM/ KOU to load a ROM image v*here you have possible conflicts with more than one ROM requiring the same socket. Possible applications include machine language sorl (such as SUPER- SORTl. universal wedge, Extramon, etc. RAIv!/R0M-4K S75 RAM/ROM — 8K 90 Battery Backup Option 20 SUBSORT for PET/CBM $35 Excellent general purpose machine language sort routine. THE WHOLE PET CATALOG $9 A two year 320 page compendium of the Midnite Software Gazette to CommotlcrB computer users. Contains 5O0 fwews of commercial products, 700 education programs (reviewed and organized by course), 200 reviews of free games, inio on over 1 800 free programs, list o) PET and VIC user groups, and many pages ol helps and hints. COMAL Package for CBM $25 Includes software on disk, and Comal Handbook SuperGraphics 2.0 NEW Version with TURTLE GRAPHICS SuperGraphics, t)y John Fluharty, provides a ^IK machine language extension which adds 35 full featured commands to Commodore BASIC to allow fast and easy plotting and man- ipulation of graphics on ttw PET/CBM video display, as well as SOUND Commands Animations which pfeviously were loo slow or impossible without machine language subroutines now can be programmed directly in BASIC. Move blocks (or rocketstiips, etc.) or entire areas of the screen with a single, easy to use BASIC command. Scroll any portion of the screen up, down, left Of right. Turn on or off any ol the 4000 (8000 on 8D32) screen pixels with a single BASIC command. In high resolution mode, draw vertical, horizontal, and diagonal lines. Draw a t»x, fill a box, and move it around on the screen with easy to use BASIC commands. Plot curves using either rec- tangular or polar co-ordinates (great (Or Algebra, Geometry and Trig classes.) The SOUN D commands allow you to initiate a note or series ol notes (or even several songs] from BASIC, and then play them in the background mode without interfering with your BASIC program. This allows your program to mn at full speed with simultaneous graphics and music. Seven new TURTLE commands open up a whole new dimension m graphics. Place the TURTLE anywhere on the screen, set his DIRECTION, turn him LEFT or RIGHT, move him FORWARD, raise or lower his plotting pen, even flip the pen over to erase. Turtle commands use angles measured in degrees, not radians, so even elementary school children can aeate fantastic graphic displays. Specify machine model (and size), BOM type (BASIC 3 or 4} SuperGraphics in ROM (SAOOO or $9000) $45 Volume discounts available for schools. NEW VERSION 2 ,.r PET/CBM C,-,.Ur. ""« '" "=" FLE)f-Fl LE is a set of flexible, friendty programs to allow you to set up and maintain a data base Includes versatile Report Writer and Mail Label routines, and documentation for pro- grammers to USB Data Base routines as part o) other pro- grams. RANDOM ACCESS DATA BASE Record size limit is 256 characters. TTie number of records per disk is limited only by record size and tree space on the disk. File maintenance lets you step forward or backward through a file, add, delete, or change a record, go to a numbered record, or find a record by specified field (or partial field). Field lengths may vary to allow maximum information packing. Both sub- totals and sorting may be nested up to 5 lields deep. Any field may be specified as a key. Setjuentiai file input and output as well as file output in WordPro and PaperMateformat is suppor- ted. Record size, fields pet record, and order of fields may be changed easily, MAILIH6 LABELS Typical mail records may be packed 3000 per disk on 8050 (14 00 in 4040), Labels may be printed any number wide, and may begin in any column position. There is no ii mit on the num- ber or order of fields on a label, and complete record selection via type code or field condition is supported. REPODT WRITER Flexible pnnung format, including field placement, decimal justification and rounding. Define any column as a series ol rrvath or trig functions performed on other columns, and pass results such as running total from row to row. Totals, nested su btbtals. and averages supparted. Complete record selection, including field within range, pattern match, and logical (unc- tions can be s|3eciflefl FLEX-FILE Z by Michael Riley $110 CBM64. PET/CBM/VIC - 32K, Disk. Specify configuration DISK I.C.U. $40 Intensive Care Unit by LC. Cai|ile COMPLETE DISK HECOVERf SYSTEM FDR CBM DRIVES - edit disk blocks with ease - duplicate disks, skipping over bad blocks - comp'ete diagnostic facilities - unscratch scratched files - check and correct scrambled files - recover improperly closed files - extensive treatment of relative files - optional output to IEEE488 printer - comprehensive user manual (an excellent tutorial on disk operation and theory) Furnished on copy-protected disk with raanuaL Backup disk available, SfO additional. PROGRAM YOUR OWN EPROMS $75 Branding Iron EPROI^ Programmer (or PET/CBM software lor all ROM versions. Includes all hardware and software to pro- gram or copy 2716 and 2532 EPHOMs, PORTMAKER0UALRSZ32 SERIAL PORT $63 Two ports with full bipolar RS232 txjffBring. Baud rates from 300 to 4600. For PET/CBM. AIM, SYM. ComniiiiJore 64 HuntBr-Klllir - CDmiMdort 64 15 ■ authentic naval wartare game (complete with sonar) Submarine Warfare (Clockwork Computers) 29 WordPro 3-1-/64 75 Vanilla PILOT with Turtle Graphics 27 - also includes sound, ToolkiL joystick support Commodore 64 Programmer Reference Guide ■■ — 15. C64 to Parallel Printer Interface 79 CCI Sutniarine Warfare 24 Laser Command 15 VICTORY Sottwire ftr Cnmmoilore 64 In tlock FORTH for C64 50 Adventure Pack I (Victory Software) 1 2 Adventure Pack II (Victory Software) 12 Grave Robbers (Victory Software) 12 FORTH for PETi»wiorC64 BY LC. Cargile and .Michael Riley $50 Features include: full FIG FORTH model. all FORTH 79 STANDARD extensions. stmctured 6502 Assembler with nested decision making macros. full screen editing (same as when programming in 8ASIC), auto repeat key, sample programs. statxlafd size screens ( 1 B lines by 64 characters) 150 screens per diskette on 4040, 480 screens on BD50 ability to read and write BASIC sequential files. introductory manual. reference manual For Commodore 64, or any 1 6K/ 32K PET/CBM with ROIvt 3 or 4, and CBM disk drive Please specify configuration when ordering, Mcticomiiiler for FORTH $3D Simple metacompiler for creating compacted object code which can be executed independently (without the FORTH system), ftB m^ Page Mate 60 COMMAND WORD PROCESSOR by Michael Riley Paper-Mate is a full-tealured word processor (or Com- modore computers, Page-Mate incorporates 60 commands to give you lull screen editing with graphics for all 1 5K or 32K machines (including 8032), all printers, and disk or tape dnves. Many additional features are available (including most capa- bilities of WordPro 3|. For writing text, Page-Mate has a definable keyboard (or operator flexibility. Shift lock on letters only, or use keyiward shift lock. All keys repeat. Page-Mate text editing includes floating cursor, scroll upor down, page forward or back, and repeating inserl and delete keys Text block handling includes transfer, delete, append, save, load and insert. All formatting commands are imbedded in text for compfete control. Commands include margin control and release, column adjust, 9 tab settings, variable line spacing, justify text, center text, and auto print form letter (variable blocl(). Files can be lin- ked so that one command prints an entire manuscript. Auto page, page headers, page numbers, pause a1 end ol page, and hyphenalion pauses are included Unlike most word processors, CBM graphics as well as text can be used. Page-Mate can send any ASCII code over any secondary address to any printer, Page-Mate functions wilh all Commodore machines with at least 16K with any printer, and either cassette or disk. Toorder Page- Inflate, please specify machine and ROM type Page-Mate (disk or tape) lor PET CBM, VIC.CM $40 SM-KIT titr PET/CBM $40 E nhanced RO 1^ based utilities for BASIC 4 , Includes both pro- gramming aids and disk handling commands. CBM SgHware BASIC INTERPHETEH for CBM B09G tZOO PEDISK II Systems Ittim cgrj Mlcnleth inllalile. FILEX IBM 3741/2 Dali Eichaniie Software available. JINSAM Data Base Management System far CBM. CDPy-WfllTER Wort Prticessor tor PET/CBM $159 CASH MANAGEMENT SYSTEM $45 Peispeed BASIC Compiler 225 In leger BASIC Compiler 110 CMAR Record Handler 110 UCSD Pascal (without board) 135 Wordaaft 80 or 8095 255 BPl Accounting Modules 280 Professional Tax Prep System 575 ASERT Data Base 375 Dow Jones Portfolio Management 1 1 Assembler Development 80 252 Bethlehem Pike Colmar. PA 18915 215-822-7727 A B Computers WRITE FOR CATALOG Add S 1 .25 per order for shipping. We pay iHlance of UPS surface charges on all prepaid orders. Prices listed are on cash discount basis Regular prices slightly higher. Prices subject to change. The lower keyboard is a continuation of the upper keyboard; thus the lower set of keys plays the higher notes. Below the keyboards is a description of the functions assigned to the programmable function keys. The left column describes the unshifted function keys, and the right column describes the shifted function keys. Fl and F3: These keys allow you to change the \olume of the music. Pressing Fl will increase the volume one step, and pressing F3 will decrease the volume one step. Notice how the VOLUME indicator changes as you press either one of these keys. Remember that the volume ranges from to 15; is completely silent, and 15 is the maximum volume. F4: Pressing F4 will change the status of the Maintain mode, indicated by the "M" in the indi- cator row. When this mode is in operation, the "M" will be in reverse field. When this mode is activated, the computer does not release the tones after the keys have been pressed. Instead, the tones continue until other keys are pressed. To silence all the voices, press the space bar. F6: This key changes the status oi the Multi- voice mode. This mode is indicated by the "V" in the indicator row, A reverse field "V" indicates that the mode is in operation. The Multivoice mode enables more than one voice to be played at the same time. The program "powers on" with this mode activated. IF this mode is not activated, then one tone follows the next on the same voice, and chords cannot be played. This has some dis- advantages, but it is useful in conjunction with the Slide mode. With this mode, you can have up to three simultaneous vciices. F7 and F5: Pressing these keys changes the status of the Slide and Chord modes. They will be described below. F2; This key allows you to define your own waveforms. Making Music Once the program is ready, press the following kev sequence: QWERTYUI. You should hear a C major scale. If you do not, check the program for typing errors. Now try this key sequence: lOPff' *(up arrow)(RUN/STOP)Z. This time you should hear the same scale, but one octave higher. Pressing the sequence ZXCVBNM, produces another scale one octave higher than the last. Now try pressing the keys QET all at once to get a C-major chord. Each note of this chord is assigned one voice. Since there are only three voices, the computer can accept only three keys at one time as input. If you want to change octaves, press the con- trol key and a number from one to eight, one being 126 COMPUTE! June 1983 the lowest octave and eight the highest. Some of the voices do not work well in very low tictaves. Pressing the Commodore key and a number will change the VOICE number. This, too, has a range of one to eight. The Slide mode is very interesting. A reverse- field "S" on the status row indicates that the Slide mode is active. The Slide mode will work regard- less of the Muiti\'oice and Maintain modes. When in this mode, the computer steps smoothly through the tones rather than moving by half tones as a piano would. This can produce an in- triguing, eerie effect with the Maintain mode acti- vated. For example, enter the Slide mode, make sure that the Maintain and Multivoice modes are activated, and press the following key sequence: QETIP*ZCB, . As always, you can silence the voices by pressing the space bar. Forming Cliords Another mode of operation is the Chord mode. This allows for single key control over different types of chords and their inversions. Once you activate the Chord mode, a second indicator row appears. On the left is the chord name, and on the right is the chord position - root, first inver- sion, or second inversion. The root chord is a chord in which the lowest note is also the key of the chord. For example, the C major triad is formed using the notes C, E, and G. When the notes are in that order, CEG, the chord is a root chord. If the notes of the chord start on a different note than C, then we have the inversions of the chord. For example, E and G, with high C, is the first inversion, and C, with high C and E, is the second inversion. To change the chord type, press the shift-key and a number from one to nine. The chords which are available correspond to the following numbers: (1) Major; (2) Minor; (3) Diminished; (4) Aug- mented; (5) Major Seventh; (6) Minor Seventh; (7) Dominant Seventh; (8) Major Sixth; (9) Minor Sixth. The inversions are selected by pressing the shift key and the plus sign for root, the minus sign for the first inversion, and the pound sign for the second inversion. In order to play a chord, vou must first select the chord type and inversion that you want, and then press the note on the keyboard which cor- responds to the lowest note of your chord. For example, if you want to play a D flat minor second inversion chord, enter the Chord mode, select the minor chord and the second inversion (bv pressing shift-2 and shift-pound-sign) and press "R", which corresponds to the note F on the musical kevboard. The chord that you will hear is com- prised of the following notes: F, B flat, and high D flat. {Since the Slide mode can slide only one I I to/DPU 5Ef\i5Ei:.'' CS1 Quick Brown Fox The Word Processor of this decade! $55.00 VlC-l2nA COMMODORE SOFTWARE VIC-2Q Super Expander $55.00 Everything Commodore cojid pack mlo one cartridge- 3K RAM memory eitpansion, htgn resolution graphics plotting, color, pami and sound commands Graptiic. text. muliicolor and mustc modes 5 0?*>(3 0?4dol screen platting All coTimands may be typed as new BASIC commands Or accessed by hitlmg one of the ViC's special I unction keys IncluOesluionahnslructionbook Excellent for all programming levels VlC-1212 Progrdimmer'a Aid Cartridge S45.99 Mo«e than 20 new BASIC commands help new and experienced programmers renumber, trace and edit BASIC programs Trace any program line-by-line as i1 executes, pause 10 edit Special KEY command lets progpammers redefine function keys as BASIC commands, subroulines oi new commands VIC-1213 VICMON Machine Language Monitor $48.99 Helps machrne code programmers write last, efficient 6S02 assembly language programs Includes one Ime assembiei/disassemtjler GAMES FOR YOUR VIC-20® CSN Snackman - Bellennan Packman $16.95 CC500 Intruder-Scrambler - in your bomber, mvade the 1 7,95 defending scramble system, dodging rockets, to blow up enemy posls, etc CS1 Flags o! Nations - a game thai challenges players 1 0.95 to iderljty Hags oi various widely-known nations of the world CS2 Flags o( Nations - Second Edition - A field of 10.95 J4 Hags of lesser known nations ol tt^e world CSS Cities and Slates ' a game mat draws a map ot 10 95 a slate or slates and asks players lo name key cities m those states CS4 Cities ol the World - Oeais wuh imponant 10,95 Cities ol nations throughou! Ihe world CS5 Mountains and Rivers - Draws large geographical 1 0.95 a^ea maps. You identity major mountain ranges, rivers & bodies 0l water CF1 Galactic Blitz 22 95 CF3 Sidewinder 25 96 CS3 Centipod 17 95 CV108 Bomber 8 95 Hangman 6 95 NEW GAMES FOR YOUR C-64 Tank Arcade (Also tOf VIC-20) - Pre-determme how many hits $1 3.95 it will take to wipe out your opponent. Then, or with the battle' Baiilelield changes Roadracer - choose the type of track & a ttme or lap race Use 13.95 steady control at speeds o( 50 to 200 miles per hour Hit the wall & lose valuable time Shootout at the OK Galaxy (Also for VIC-20^ - 30aiien 19.95 warships have entered you' war ione Shields ud''' Energy level OK'' Defend yourself Galaxy - Haue you ever wanted to conquer the universe'' Send 1 9.95 your gafacltcfieelsout to espioie. solar system by solar system From i to 20 players Bomber Attack - Ground to air waHare You re m command 1 4.95 ol a supersonic bombe' over enemy terrain Drop atl 2S Pombs on key locations Midway Campaign - Vour computer controls a huge force ol 19-95 Japanese ships ifymg lo conquer Midway Island Vour only advantage is surprise Dnieper River Line - a fictionalized engagement between Russian 25.00 A German larces in 1&43 Soviet forces controLled by the computer, seek tooverrun your Eine and capture sufficient objectives to atlam victory Four levels of difficulty Tanktics - Armored combat on the Eastern front ol WWII You 24,50 start outnumbered 2 10 1 but you choose your lank types before the battle Guns of Fort Defiance - Vou are the commander of a i9lh arliilery 20,00 piece in a besieged lor I Choose lypeol ammo Set the cannonselewat ion. deflection Computer Baseball Strategy - vou, the manager ot the 1 5,95 home ream, test you skill against a wily and unpredictable opponent, your computer Lords of Karma - Like an mtnguirig pu^zlel Decipher secrets 20.00 wtiileexpienng a mythical magical city & countryside Avoid Ihe lurking monsters* North Atlantic Convoy Raider • n s the Bismacck convoy 1 9.95 raid of 19<J1' The computer controls ihe British ships Will you change history"* Planet Miners - compete agamst others and the computer to 19.95 stake valuable mining claims throughout the solar system m the year 2050 Conflict 2500 - m 250Q ao. earth is threatened Gy attacking 1 9.95 aliens with an infinite > of attack strategies with which to tease the defending player Nukewar - Nuclear confrontation between two hypothetical 19-95 countries Defend your country with espionage, bombers, missiles, submarines, etc Computer Acquire - New Second Edition' The object is to 20.00 Become the wealthiest person mlhis business' game ■ hotel acquisitions A mergers Andromeda Conquest - vast scale space strategy game or 19.95 galactic colamzmg andconquesi Strange lile lorms & alien technologies - encilir\g' Teiengard - Microcomputer Dungeon Adventure game Time 25.00 fantasy and roie-playmg 50 levels ot ever-more complex mazes to explore & survive' MORE- MORE- MORE Shipping & Handling Charges: First two (2J items - $200 per item. Three (3) or more ilems - SVOO per item For orders Over $100 total, surface shipping will be paid by CompuSense. Blue Label or special handling will be paid by the customer. Additional $2.00 COD. fee on all C.O.D. orders, MasterCard and Visa accepted. Give card number and expiration date on order (orm. Allow three (3) weeks tor personal checks. TO ORDER: WRITE P O Box 18765 FOR WiChiU KS 67218 ^^^^ (316) 263-1095 CATALOG ri ■SiEH VIC-20' Prices subieci to change. IS a fegislerefl irademark of Commodore PSSSSSS«««S«SSS5riS^*«;:Ttit-;?iJSSS«tS?*^=^= C-64 Compute $399.00 VIC-20* Personal Computer 147 00 VIC-1515 Printer 334.95 VIC-1530 Dataselle 67.50 VIC-1541 Disk Driwe 347.00 VIC-1010 Expansion Module 139.95 VIC-1311 Joystick 9 95 VIC-1312 Game Paddles 19.95 Telephone Modem 99 95 VIC-1210 VIC 3K Memory Expander Canridge 34 95 Plugs direclly mlo the VIC5 expansion porl Expands lu 8K RAM tola VIC-1 110 ■ VIC 8K Memory Expander Cartridge 52 50 aK RAM expansion cannage plugs direclly inlo llie VIC CM101 VIC 16K Memory Expander Cartridge 99 95 CM102 24K Memory Expander Cartridge 119.95 VIC-1011A RS232C Terminal InlerlBce 39.95 Provides interlace belween the VIC-20 and RS232 telecommunications modems Connects to VICs user port PETSPEED - Basic Campilei tor Commodore 140.00 Compile any Pet Basic program The only optimizing compiler Programs compiled with Petspeed run up 10 40 limes taster Petspeed code is untislable ana compiled programs cannot be tampered with No security device required lor compiled pro- grams Available NOW tor trie Commodore 64 Star Gemini 10 Printer 350.00 Star Gemini 15 Prtnler 450 00 SND Monitor 347.00 ISK Memory Expander 50.00 CARDCO CARDBOARD 6 S87.50 An expansion interlace lor the VtC'20 Allows expansion lo 'lOK Of accepts up to six games May be daisy chained for more versatility CARDBOARD 3 35.95 Sconomy expansion interlace lor Ihe VIC-20. CARD "?" CARD/PRINT 76.00 Universal Centronics Parallel Printer Interlace lor the VtC-20 or CBM-64 Use an Epson MX-eo or OKIDATA or TANDY Of |u51 about any other CARDETTE 30.95 Use any standard cassette pi ayef /re carder witti your VlC-20 ar CBM-&4 LIGHT PEN 29.95 A light pen withii*. good programs 10 u*e with you^ VIC-20 or CSM-64 All CARDCO Products have a liTelme warranty HOME& BUSINESS PROG RAMSForVIC-20&C-64 CW-107A Home Calculation Program Pack S46 95 CPV-31 Data Files - your storage IS unlimited 14.95 CPV-96 Household Finance Package - to i<eep records ot att 30.95 your household exparises CPV-208 Bar-Chart - display your numerical data 8.95 CM Turtle Graphics - learn programming 34.95 CH VIC Forth - IS a poiiverlul language lor BASIC programming 49.95 OH HES MON - IS a 6502 machine language monitor v«ith 34.95 a niini-assemhter CH HES Writer - lime-saving word processing tool 34.95 CH Encoder - keep your personal records away Irom prying eyes 34.95 CT-21 statistics Sadislics- stalisticat analysis 14.95 CT-121 Total Time Manager 2.0 - creates personal or 15,95 business schedules CT-124 TotI Latwl - a mailing list and taWl program 13.95 CT-125 TotI Text BASIC 15.95 CT-126 Research Assistant - keep track ol relerence data 17.50 GT-140 TotI Text Enhanced 2995 CM-152 Gratlx Designer- design graphic characters 12.95 CQ-5 Minlmon - allows you to program, toad. save, or execute 13,95 machine language programs CT-3 Order Tracker 15.95 CT-4 Business inventory - to maintain record ol inventory 15.95 CS Home inventory - lists your home Belongings 17.95 CS Check Minder - (V-20 & 64) 14.95 keep your criecxbook the right *ay CS General Ledger - a complete general ledger 19.95 CHC-504 HES Writer- word processor 39.95 CHC-503 Turtle Graphics 11 - utilizes the lull graphics ol your 54 49.95 CHC-502 HESMON - machine language monitoi w/mini-assembler 34.95 GHP-102 GS02 Prolessionai Development System 29.95 CFG Data Files - a managemenl program 27.95 CP\/-327 HESCOM - translers data and programs bidireclion- 40,95 ally tjetween VICs at three times the speed ol a distt drive CPV-328 HESCOUNT- monitors program execution 19.95 CHV HESPLOT- Hi-res graphics subroulines 12.95 CTV-367 Conversions - ligures volume, length, weight, area. 7.95 and velocity ro all possible conliguralions CG The Mail - your complete mail program Cassette 24,95 Disk 29.95 CPV-220 Client Tickler 16.95 CPV-221 Club Lister 13.95 CPV-224 Depredator 9 95 CPV-236 investment Analyst - keepiracii oi investments 12.95 and rnvestrrjenl opportunilites CPV-251 Present Value 10.95 CPV-269 Super Broker 12.95 CPV-270 Syndiealor- calculates whether to buy or sett 13.95 CPV-274 Ticker Tape - mainlains inveslments prolile 14.95 CPV-276 Un-Word Processor - screen editor 16 95 CPV-286 Phone Directory - never lose a phone number again 9.95 GS-tll Checkbook - nome utility' program 14.95 CPV-294 Calendar My Appointments - punt a calendar 14 95 tor every month in any year CPV-296 The Budgeter - place your persona: finances in oriter 12.95 I ^=>^?^'««SS?=>S«f=w>*<;^i*i;SSSS«SSSSSS*i >*JT>fs=!SS=;S:!^?««S«««>?S*«f(l voice at a time, the Chord and Slide modes are incompatible, so turning on one automadcally turns off the other.) Attack, Decay, Sustain, Release To define your own waveform, press F2. Once you are in this mode, the computer asks a series of questions that apply to the construction of a new waveform. The first question is which waveform you wish to change. Pressing RETURN with no other input returns program control to the play mode. After this question, the computer displays the current Attack, Decay, Sustain, and Release values, and asks for new values. Pressing RETURN with no other input or giving a bad input returns you to the first question. The Envelope U-Attack-W<DecayW4Sustain J4Release-->j Time The attack rate is the time that it takes the sound to reach its highest volume level. The larger the number, the more time it takes. Decay is the time it takes the sound to drop to the Sustain vol- ume level. Sustain is the volume level at which the sound remains until the Release is initiated. The Release rate is the time that it takes the sound to soften from the sustain level to silence (see the figure). After these questions, the computer asks for the waveform type. You must enter the first letter of the type of waveform desired. If the Pulse waveform is selected, then the pulse rate must be entered. The authors of the Commodore 64 man- ual have written the pulse value as two numbers, the LOW pulse and the HIGH pulse. To obtain a single value for the pulse rate, take the HIGH pulse times 256 and add it to the LOW pulse. Once these questions have been answered, the com- puter returns to the playing mode with the voice set to the one you have just modified. Program Structure The mechanics are fairly simple since most of the program is written in BASIC. The REMs identify the major sections of the program (see the table for a description of variables). However, some 128 COMPUTE June 1983 programming tricks are used. The P0KE2f 4,X command moves the cursor to line X on the screen. But a PRINT with no statement must follow this POKE or the cursor will not move to its new loca- tion. A POKE 788,53 disables the RUN/STOP kev. Variables A miscellaneous ' A$ miscellaneous AD attack/decay for define waveform routine ADO table of attack/decay values BF constant pointer to buffer (198) C$() table of chord names C{) table o f chord note offsets CI chord number C2 chord inversion CH chord mode flag ER INPUT routine error flag ET constant pointer for multikey input routine FF constant 255 FHO table of high bytes of frequencies FLO table of low bytes of frequencies HB 256 constant I miscellaneous IK constant for "inkey" or keyboard matrix value IN value for input from INPUT routine INS Input string from INPUT routine J miscellaneous K() conversion table for ASCII values LL polyphonic flag LN$ constant line MN multivoiceflag NH constant high byte location 901 NL constant low byte location 900 NM$() "root," "first/' or "second" (for chord inversion display OC number of half steps offset (octave) P maintain mode flag PHO table of pulse high bytes PLO table of pulse low bytes PU pulse rate for define waveform routine R frequency number and miscellaneous RA slide mode register start pointer RB slide mode register end pointer S constant 54272 SI constant 49152 (for multikey GET routine) S2 CO nstant 49403 (for m us tc loader routi ne) SL slide mode flag SP$ constant 39 spaces (for blanking) SR sustain/release value for define waveform routine SR() table of sustain/ release values T current base address of SID TO table of last used base locations V CO mpu ter voice nu mber VL volume VN constant voice number location for music loader (251) WF waveform holder for define waveform routine wv current waveform wvo table of waveform values All variables beginning with "Z" are low numeric constants. COMMODORE 64^ American PerivheraU GAMES (on tape) 646 Pacacuda 19.95 650 Logger 19,95 651 Ape Craze 19.95 652 Centropod 19.95 653 Escape 19.95 641 Monopoly 19.95 642 Adventure #1 19,95 648 Galactic Encounter 9, 667 Yatitzee 14.95 671 Robot Blast 14,95 673 Moon Lander 14,95 676 Othello 14,95 686 Horserace-64 14,95 692 Snake 14.95 697 Football 14.95 819 Backgannmon 24.95 822 Space Raider 19,95 846 Annihilator 19.95 842 Zwark 19.95 845 Grave Robbers 13.95 841 Pirate Inn Ad V, 22.95 904 Shooting Gallery 14.95 816 Dog Fight 19,95 817 Mouse Maze 19,95 818 Ski Run 22, 820 Metro 22, 823 Sub Warfare 29, 838 Retroball 39,95 (cartridge) 839 Gridrunner 39.95 (cartridge) 825 Mine Field 13. 672 Dragster 14.95 662 Oregon Trail 14.95 679 3-DTicTacToe 14.95 655 Castle Advent, 14.95 EDUCATIONAL (on tape) 644 Type Tutor 19.95 645 Assembly Language Tutor 14.95 687 Fractional Parts 14.95 902 Estimating Fractions 14.95 695 Tutor Math 14.95 870 Square Root Trainer 14.95 699 Counting Shapes 14.95 694 Money Addition 14.95 689 Math Dice 14.95 678 Speed Read 14.95 643 Maps and Capitals 19.95 645 Sprite Editor 19.95 904 Sound Synthesizer Tutor 19. 696 Diagramming Sentences 14,95 690 More./Less 14.95 688 Batting AVERAGES 14.95 802 TicTacWlath 16.95 904 Balancing Equations 14.95 905 Missing Letter 14.95 864 Gradebook 15, 810 French 1-4 80, 811 Spanish 1-4 80. 807 English Invaders 16,95 809 Munchvi/ord 16.95 812 Puss IN Boot 20. 813 Word Factory 20, 660 Hang-Spell 14,95 905 Division Drill 14,95 906 Multiplic. Drill 14,95 - 907 Addition Drill 14,95 908 Subtraction Drill 14.95 910 Simon Says 14,95 911 Adding Fractions 14,95 912 Punctuation 14,95 EDUCATIONAL Series on disk Computer Science (30 programs) S350 HS Biology (70 programs) $500 HS Chemistry {40 programs) S450 HS Physics (60 programs) S475 HS SAT Drill (60 programs) S99, Elem. Social Studies (18 pr.) $225 Elem. Science (18 programs) S225 Elem, Library Science (1 2 pr.) $170 Librarians Package (4 utilities) S1 1 3rd Grade Reading (20 lessons) S99, 4th Grade Reading (20 lessons) £99, 5th Grade Reading (20 lessons) $99, 6th Grade Reading (20 lessons) S99, Spanish Teaching (12 lessons) S95. PARTS OF SPEECH (9 lessons) S95. BUSINESS (all on disk) WORD PRO 3-f 95,00 DATAMAN-64 data base program, 49.95 PERSONAL FILING SYSTEM (index card style) 19.95 HOME FINANCE 19,95 CYBER FARMER S195, GA 1600 Accounting System 395. PERSONAL TAX 80. ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE 22. New York State Payroll 89, MAILING LIST 24, Manufacturing Inventory 59, Stock Market Package 39. Finance 16.95 ORDERING BLANK To: American Peripherals 122 Bangor Street Lindenhurst, NY 11757 Ship to: Name Street Town, State, ZIP ITEM DESCRIPTION PRICE D Please send your complete 64K catalog. If Canada or Mexico, add an additional S2.00 NY State Residents only add 7Va% tax Shipping (IfCOD, add 1.50) TOTAL AMOUNT SI .50 but this can be annoying when listing programs. To re-enable the RUN/STOP key, POKE 788,49. WAIT is also employed when waiting for input (WAIT 198,255). The SYSSl (to 49152) is a full keyboard scan routine for the Commodore 64. This routine is very useful because it allows the user to enter more than one key at a time. The machine language routine returns the ASCII values of the keys being pressed to addres- ses 830, 831, and 832. (Due to a hardware problem involving the way the keyboard is wired, certain combinations of keys yield incorrect values.) The number of keys being pressed is stored in location 829. This routine could be used by games in which a multiple input is required. It could also be adapted to work on other Commodore computers, such as the VlC-20 and the PET/CBM series. A second machine language subroutine sim- ply loads the values from 900-906 into the appro- priate voice in the sound chip. Select the increment for voices 0, 1, and 2 (0, 7, or 14), POKE 251 with this value, then SYS(49408). The subroutine does not start the note, but leaves it to BASIC, via a POKE to the sound chip (SID), for the corres- ponding voice. If you find any problems in this program, or can offer anv improvements or comments, please write to either of us at the addresses listed below. If you do not want to enter the program yourself, please send a standard (1541) floppy disk or a cassette tape, a self-addressed stamped mailer and $3 to either of the addresses listed below. Chris Metailf 123 Ardmore Rd. Keimsiiigkm, C A 94707 Marc Sugii/nnm 5969 Chnboh/u Terr. Oakland. CA 94618 MusicMaster Note: This program contains a number of characters which are not currently part of the listing conventions. To obtain any of the characters in the left column, type the keys indicated in the right column. ("Logo" indi- cates the Commodore logo key at the lower left of the keyboard.) For any underlined characters in the listing, see the table in "How To Type COMPUTEI's Programs." {org} logo & 1 {BRN} logo & 2 {LTR} logo & 3 tGYl} LOGO & 4 {GY2} LOGO & 5 {LTG} logo & 6 {LTB} logo & 7 {GY3j logo & 8 {ci CTRL & C {Xl CTRL & X 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 270 280 290 300 310 320 330 340 350 360 370 380 390 400 410 420 430 440 450 460 470 480 490 500 510 520 530 540 550 560 570 580 590 600 610 620 GOTO460 REM SLIDE SUBROUTINE IFRA<0THENRA=R RB=R:T=S+V*27:POKEVN,V*Z7:POKENL,FL(RA ) :POKENH,FH(RA) :SYSS2 :P0KET+Z4,WV + Z1 FORI=RATORBSTEPSGN(RB-RA)/2:POKET,FL(I ) :POKET+l,FH(l) :NEXT IFPEEK(IK)=JANDPEEK{IK)-64THEN270 RA=RB:P0KET+Z4,WV+P:V=V+MN*(Z1+Z3*(V=Z 2 ) ) : RETURN REM CHORD SUBROUTINE POKEBF,Z0;FORI=Z0TOZ2:A=R+C(C1,C2,I) :P OKEVN,I*Z7:POKENL,FL(A) P0KENH,FH(A) :SYSS2 :NEXT : P0KES+Z4, WV+Zl : POKES+1 1 , WV+Zl ; POKES+1 8 , WV+Z 1 IFPEEK(IK)=JANDPEEK(IK)-64THEN330 P0KES+Z4 , WV+P : POKES+1 1 , WV+P : POKES+18 , W V+P; RETURN REM POLYPHONIC SUBROUTINE A=PEEK(IK) : SYSSl :J=PEEK(ET) :IFJ=Z0ORA= ZSTHENRETURN FORI=ZlTOJ : R=K ( PEEK ( ET+I ) ) +0C : I FR=0CTH ENNEXT: RETURN T(I)=V*Z7:P0KEVN,T(I):P0KENL,FL(R):P0K ENH,FH(R) :SYSS2 IFMNTHENV=V+Z1 : IFV=Z3THENV=Z0 NEXT : F0RI=Z1T0J : POKES+T ( I ) +Z4 , WV+Zl : NE XT SYSS 1 : IFJ=PEEK ( ET ) ANDA=PEEK (l K ) THEN420 F0RI=Z1T0J : POKES+T ( I) +Z4 , WV+P : NEXT : GOT 0370 REM INITIALIZE VARIABLES PRINT" I CLEAR] "CHR$ (142 ) ; CHR? ( 8 ) ; : POKES 3280,0 : P0KE53281 , : P0KE788 , 52 : REM IGNORE RUN/ STOP P0RI=lTO39:SP?=SP5 + " " : LN$=LN$ + "#_" :NEX T PRINT" [wHT)0CTAVE=5 V0ICE=1 :C:S:M:[ REV]V{0FF} : {REV3p{0FF}: VOLUME=10 (RIGHT) "LN? P0KE214,23:PRINT:PRINTTAB(15) "MUSICMAS TER{HOME}f02 DOWN} A$="PLEASE stand BYIwHTI ":P0KE214, 21 :P RINT ; PRINTTAB ( 1 3 ) " { GRN) "A? : S=542 7 2:GOSUB1580 DIMFL(134),FH(134),K(255),C(8,2,2):OC= 48 :VL=10 : MN=1 :LL=1 : RA=-1 Zl = l : Z2 = 2 : Z3=3 : Z4=4 : Z7=7 : ZS=64 ;FP=255 : HB=256 IK=197 ; BF=198 : VN=251 : NL=900 : NH=901 : ET= 829:51=491 52 :S2=49408:FORI=Z1TO41 K(ASC(MID?( "Q2W3ER5T6Y7UI9O0P@-*£T{ HOME}{c}ZSXDCVGBHNJM,L. :/",I) ) )=I:NEXT PRINTTAB(13)"{CYNHup}"A$:R=5.8:A=1078 7.4138:J=Z2T(-Z1/12) FORI=94TO0STEP- 1 : FH ( I )=INT ( A*R/HB ) : FL ( I ) =A*R-HB*FH ( I } : A=A* J : NEXT PRINTTAB( 13) "{up} "A$:GOSUB1310 REM READ AX.L DATA FOR1=Z0TO8 : FORJ=Z0TOZ2 : READC (l , J , ) , C ( I,J,l),CCl,J,2): NEXT : READC? ( I ) : NEXT READNM? C ) , NM$ ( 1) , NM$ ( 2 ) : F0RI = 1T08 : REA 130 COMPUTE! June 1983 VIC-20 COMPUTER AND SOFTWARE (a real computer at the price of a toy) SALE IC OMMODORE 64 (mora powar than Apple II at half the price) 89. WE HAVE THE LOWEST PRICES — CALL USI 00 (when you buy 6 programs) You get the Commodofs VIC-20 computer for only $134.00 when you buy 6 tape programs on sale for only S59.00. These 6 programs list for S100.00 to % 89.00 You can choose one ot three packs: 6 games pack, 6 home finance pack, or 6 small business pack. The VIC-20 computer Includes a full size 66 key typewriter professional keyboard, color command keys, upper/lower case, full screen editor, 16K level 11 microsoft basic, color, sound and music, real time, floating point decimal, easy to read sell teaching Instruction book, connects to any TV, includes console case. 33K COMMODORE VIC SI 58.00 Mill 2% wiMS niora pow You get the VIC-20 computer plus we expand the total memory to 33,0iX bytes to give you 2% times more programming power. 41K COMMODORE VIC $199.00 1 4 NmM mot* powar 49K COMMODORE VIC 1248.00 «rith • tbiiM more po««r 40-40 COLUMN BOARD $99. A fantastic price breakthrough for VIC-20 owners on this moat wanted accessory! t "Now you can get 40 or 80 Columns on your T.V. or Monitor Screen." Plus we add a word processor with mall merge, electronic spread sheet, time manager and terminal emulator II These Pt.US programa require only SK RAM memory. TRACTION FRICTION PRINTER $299.00 Comstar FfT deluxe line printer, prints S)ix11 full size, single sheet, roll or fan fold paper, labels etc. 40, ee, 80, 132 columns. Impact dot matrix, bi- direc- tional, 80 CPS. SOK MEMORY EXPANDER $69.00 SIxslot — Switch selectable — Reset button — Rib- bon cable. A must to get the most out of your VIC-20 computer. VOICE SYNTHESIZER t7S.OO Makes your VIC-20 talk, VOTRAX based plus features found only In $295 versions. GREAT BUY - DONT MISS THIS SALEM 197. 00 Mli^'yn PERSONAL ^ ■iVILr^U computer! TOP 10 ARCADE GAMES VIC-2Q TAPE ^ROOfUU SALEtl n»nk Name •■to Super Pariiroopar (Fantai1ic| !».>!, Exiermmatoi-Plus [^iier than C«ntic»«4*l (1S.BS Ciici(ti (B«n»r thafl Ffogfleo 119.96 Snacl^man idetter (h*n Packmtnl tliM CUiAcl'C Cro»»iira ifov in Ih* miMI*) ti«.as ii^nii Maitef Spianer (Nucleai Ottulef) i19.M Bug Biati (Oeepv) tl>.M Qomb'l A way (Great] •19.H 3-D Mafa-Eteape ii4.as 10 Kiaiy Korig BUY ANY FO(}R - DEDUCT 10% tlOAE ii4.as VIC-20 PROGRAMMING AIDSll ■ S^K inifoduciiort to baiic fpiogramm<nQ (manual and lapat) S22«9 Aa»anced b*a"C pi&tj'ammfnfl {manual and laoesl a» Pfogrammeij reterpnc* manual l2Sa pjgea — you mmi rtaye \f>i%l} 15.«S P^ograinrnera easy ufaitnce card (1*t)iB5lill5dr**ings) iM ViC?0 OflvHiffd l»7 paflcs ot VIC secrais) 11.95 6502 Macn.'\e Language Ajieoibter UK ifiK ProgrAmming cartridge (g.«CS 4W'. more prog'Jimming po*«f — gel i?4 96 i6K »<J«enlu.f g^ma Irw'} sa.Qo Comrnodore 6C Computer PROFESSIONAL SOFTWARE H«IH SO* word processing pack S69.0a ccynplete D^lj Base pack (includes Mailnwrgel $6900 Eleci'onic spJeadsheei pack (iiKevisicaic) $69.00 Accounting pack (personal & businessi S49.X Programmers Helper 15900 programming Relerence guide tie.9S Basic Tultx $1995 Typing Tutor $19.9S 80 column BOARD 1 80 criaracters per line on the screen at one time In. I eludes word processing pack (list $89.00). complete j I data base pack (list $89.00). Electronic spreadstieet | Ipack (list $89 001. ALL FOR ONLY tin We have over 300 Prograrr^s for the Commodore &* Computer WE LOVE OUR CUSTOMERS (with factory rebate and software savings applied) You pay only $397.00 when you order the power- ful 84K Comrnodore 64 computerl We pack with your computer a VOUCHER good for $100 retiate from the factory when you send In your old Atari, Mattel, Coleco electronic flams or com- puter. This Includes Sinclair, TImex, Texas In- struments, VIC-20 computers and otiiersi! PLUS we also Include a $100 software COUPON FREE that allows you to buy PROFESSIONAL SOFT- WARE from the items shown In the center col- umn of this adl Call us today (312) 382-5244 for best prices and best service. PR0FIS3I0NAL WORDmOCESSINQ PACKAGE This wordprocessor Is specially designed for the Commodore-64 utilizing the latest techniques. Allows powerful text editing capabilities without long hours of orientation or training. Complete cur- sor and insert/delete key controls are used. Block movement and/or duplication, ilne Insertion and/or deletion, automatic centering, rnargln settings, tab settings, copy, disk or tape handling, and all printer types. Up 10 99 continuous pages ot tent can be output to the printer. List $89.00. COMPLETE DATABASE PACKAGE A user friendly data base system that makes In- formation easy to find and store. You can add, change, delete, and search for data. Print the In- formation on a printer in any forniat desired. When combined with the word processor pack you have a powerful merge program that allows custom documents and personalized mailing lists. List $89.00. COMPLETE ACCOUNTINO PACKAGE (HcMiM or Small BusinMs) This general leoger program la perTeci for small business as well as home. It utilizes a double entry bookkeeping system. You only need enter one tran- saction and the computer will handle the other. All accounts are user deflneable and will build for 1 year, resulting In a file of all transactions by ac- count number, month and year to date. Each month a current month's transactions can be viewed at any time (99 accounts 187 entries per month). With this accounting program you will be able to monitor your financial growth as well as your expenses. List $59.00. COMMODORE-e4 PROGRAMMERS REFERENCE GUIDE This Is the in-depth guide that goes into the heart o( the 64. All aspects ol the basic and machine language are covered. (A must for anyone wishing to program the Commodore-64), Sale $1 6.95. • LOWEST PRICES* 15 DAY FREE TRIAL •SO DAY FREE REPLACEMENT WARRANTY • BEST SERVICE IN U.S.A. • ONE DAY EXPRESS MAIL • OVER 500 PROGRAMS • FREE CATALOGS Add $10-00 lor shipping, handling and Insurance. Illinois residents please add 6% tax. Add $20.00 lor CANADA, PUERTO RICO, HAWAII orders. WE DO NOT EXPORT TO OTHER COUNTRIES. Enclose Cashiers Check, Money Order or Personal Check. Allow 14 days lor delivery, 2 to 7 days lor phone orders, 1 day express mall! Canada orders must t>e In U.S. dollars. El^lEnPRlZES (we love oub customers) BOX 550, 6ARRINGT0N, ILLINOIS 60010 Phone 312/382-5244 to order DAD(I),SR(I),WV(I),PL(I),PH{I):NEXT 1050 : 630 F0RR=1T02:READI,J:F0RA=IT0J:READIN:P0K 1060 REM DISPLAY WAVEFORW PARAMETERS EA, IN: NEXT: NEXT 1070 GOSUB1470 : POKE214, 13 : PRINT 640 PRINTTABO) "{down] (USE CONTROL-X TO EX 1080 PRINT"VOICE TO BE DEFINED Cl-8)";:J=1: IT)":I=1:GOSUB860 GOSUB1500 650 : 1090 1FIN<1ORIN>8THENGOSUB1470:GOTO1400 660 : 1100 I=IN:PRINTTAB(31) "ATT: "MID$(STR$(INT(A 670 REM NUCLEUS D(l)/l6)),2) 680 WAITBF,FF:J=PEEK(IK):GETA$:R=KCASC(A$) 1110 PRINTTAB (31 ) "DEC: "MID$ (STR$ {AD( I )AND15 ) +0C : IFR=OCTHENGOSUB800 ; GOTO680 ] ,2) 690 IFSLTHENGOSUB240:GOTO6a0 1120 PRINTTAB{ 31 ) "SUS : "MID$ ( STR$ (INT(SR( I ) / 700 IFCHTHENGOSUB310:GOTO680 16)), 2) 710 IFLLTHENGOSUB3 70:GOTO680 1130 PRINTTAB{ 31 ) "REL : "MID$ ( STR? (SR( I ) AND15 720 T=S+V*Z7:POKEVN,V*z7:POKENL,FL{R) :POKE ),2) NH,FH(R) :SYSS2:P0KET+Z4,WV+Z1 1140 PRINTTAB ( 31 ) "WVF: {CYN} "MID? ( "SAWTRIPUL 730 IFMNTHENV=V+Z1:IFV=Z3THENV=Z0 NSE" , 3*L0G ( WV(l ) ) /LOG ( 2 ) -11 , 3 ) " { WHTl 740 IFPEEK(IK)=JANDPEEK{IK)-64THEN740 1150 IFWV(l )=64THENPRINTTAB ( 31 ) "PLS : "MID? ( S 750 P0KET+Z4 , WV+P : WAITBF , FF : GETA? : J=PEEK ( I TR? ( PH ( I ) *HB+PL (l ) ) , 2 ) K):R=K(ASC(A$))+OC:IPR-OCTHEN720 1160 : 760 GOSUB800:GOTO680 1170 REM DEFINE A NEW WAVEFORM 770 : 1180 POKE214, 14: PRINT: PRINT"ATTACK RATE (0- 780 ; 15)"; :J=2:GOSUB1500:IFERTHEN1070 790 REM PARAMETER FUNCTIONS 1190 AD=IN: PRINT" DECAY RATE (0-15 ) " ; :G0SUB1 800 IFCH=0THEN830 500 : IFERTHEN1070 810 FORI=0TO2 : IFA$=MID$ ("[])", I+l , 1 ) THENC2 1200 AD=AD*160RIN: PRINT"SUSTAIN LEVEL (0-15 = 1 : PRINT" {HOME} {DOWN} "TAB ( 23 )NM${ )"; : GOSUB1500: IFERTHEN1070 I):RETURN 1210 SR=IN: PRINT "RELEASE RATE ( 0-15 ) "; :GOSU 820 NEXT:A=ASC(A$):IFA>32AlIDA<42THENCl=A-3 B1500: IFERTHEN1070 3 : PRINT" [home] {down} "TAB( 11)0$ (CI ^220 SR=SR*160RIN: PRINT" EcYN}s{ WHT] AW [CYN] ):RETURN T{wHT} RIANGLE f CYN} P { WHT}ULSE ( 830 F0RI=1T08:IFA$<>MIDS( "{BLK) {wHT] {RED] { CYN}n{wht] OISE" ; : J=l : GOSUB1500 CYN]{PUR}[GRN]{BLU1£yel}",I,1)THE 1230 FORJ=lT04:IFIN$<>MID$("STPN",J,l)THENN NNEXT:GOTO850 EXT:GOTO1070 840 0C=12*{I-Z1);PRINT"[H0ME}"TAB{7)MID$(S ^240 WF=2T ( J+3 ) : IFWF<>64THEN1260 TR$(I),2) :RETURN 1250 PRINT"PULSE RATE ( 0-4095 )"; :J=4 ; GOSUBl 850 F0RI=1T08:IFA?<>MID$("[0RG}{brn] {lTr3{ 500 : PU=IN: IFIN<0ORIN>4095THEN1070 GYl] {GY2} {LTG} [LTB] {GY3] " , I, l)THEN 1260 WV(I ) =WF: PL( I)=PU-HB*INT ( PU/HB) :PH(I)= NEXT : GOTO880 INT ( PU/HB ) : AD { I ) =AD : SR (I ) =SR 860 POKE902,PL(I):POKE903,PH(I):WV=WV(I):P 1^70 GOSUB1470 :GOSUB1410:GOTO860 OKE904,WV:POKE905,AD(I) :POKE906,S 1^80 : R(I) 1290 : 870 PRINT"{H0ME]"TAB{16)MID$(STR${I),2):RE ^^^^ ^™ DISPLAY KEYBOARDS TURN 1310 POKES+24,VL:PRINT"{HOME}{03 D0WN]"TAB( 880 IFA$<>"{F1]"ANDA?<>"[f3}"THEN930 9)"^{rEV] {riGHT] {RIGHT] ] { 890 vl=vl-(vl<i5anda5="[fi}")+(vl>0anda5=" right] {right] [right] ] [right] ~ Cf3]"):POKES+24,VL IRIGHT] J [RIGHT] { RIGHT] ( RIGHT} 900 PRINT" {home] "TAB( 37) RIGHT? ("0"+MID$( ST ,„^ " „ ., RSfUT/91 7 .RFTTIRH 1320 PRINT" LOW '[rev {0FF}2 rev] 910 f (VL),2),2).RETURN 0FF}3{REV} ] {0FF]5{rEV} [0FF}6[ 920 REM STYLE FUNCTIONS REV} (0FF}7Trev} ] [oFF]9{REV} £ 930 IFA?="(F4]"THENP=1-P:POKE1047,13+128*P OFF 0{R£V} ] {0FFT-{REV} [oFF)£[ ■GOTO1580 REV] S 940 IFA$="{F6]"TKENMN=1-MN:POKE1049, 22+128 13 30 PRINT "KEYBOARD ItREV} ]]]]]]]]_ *MN"GOTO1580 -I -^ -J -I A. 950 IFA?="[F8]"THENLL=1-LL:POKE1051, 16+128 1340 PRINTTAB ( 9 )":[ REV }Q]w]E]RlT]Y]Uil]0]P] *LL " RETURN ^j_ J[ ' ^ 960 IFA$="[F7}"THEKSL=1-SL:RA=-1:POKE1045, 1350 PRINTTAB( 13 ) " [DOWN] * {REV} {RIGHT] { 19+128*SL:CH=1:GOTO990 K^^HT] ] {RIGHT ] {RIGHT }{ RIGHT } 970 IFA$<>"{F5}"THEN1010 i [RIGHT} [RIGHT] [0FF]4" 980 POKE1045,19:SL=0 1360 PRINT" HIGH *[REVJ [0FF}s[REV] 990 CH=1-CH:POKE1043,3+128*CH:IFCH=0THENPR {OFF}d[REV} 2 {OFF}gTREV} [0FF]h[ INT "{ HOME }{ DOWN )"LN?:PRINTSP$: RET REV] {0FF]J{revJ J {OFF]l{REV] { URN OFF]: [rev] {0FF]4" 1000 PRINT"{H0ME}[D0WN}"SP?"[RIGHT] [UP]CHOR 1370 PRINT "KEYBOARD _;_{REV3 ]]]]]] D TYPE;"C5{C1)TAB(23)NM?(C2)" INV 111 [0FF}4" ERSI0N{RIGHT3 "LN$:RETURN 1380 PRINTTAB ( 13 ) "_^{REV} Z2x2c2v2b2n2m2,2.1/ 1010 IFA$=" "THENGOSUB1580:RA=-1:POKEBF,Z0: {0FF]4" RETURN 1390 : 1020 IFA$ = "[X}"THENGOSUB1580:PRINT"{CLEAR]" 1400 REM DISPLAY FUNCTION MENU ; :POKE788,49:END 1410 POKE214, 13 : PRINT: PRINT"F1 — LOUDER 1030 IFA?<>"{f2}"THENRETURN F2 — DEFINE WAVEFORM 1040 : 1420 PRINT" {down] F3 — SOFTER F4 — { 132 COMPUTE! June 1983 CYN } MAI NTA I N [ WHT } 1430 PRINT" I DOWN }F5 — f CYN} CHORDS I WHT J F6 — [cyn}multivoice£whtJ 1440 PRINT" [DOWN 5 F7 — {CYN} SLIDESlWHT } F8 — {CYNIPOLYPHONICIWHT}": RETURN 1450 1460 1470 REM CLEAR DISPLAY AREA P0KE214,12:PRINT:F0RJ=1T011:PRINTSP$:N EXT: RETURN 1480 : 1490 REM INPUT SUBROUTINE 1500 IN5="": PRINT"? "; 1510 PRINT" {REV} [off] [left} "; :WAITBF,FF: GETA$ : IFA5=" {X} "THEN1020 1520 A=ASC{A$):1FA=13THENPRINT" ":IN=VAL(IN $ ) : ER= ( IN <0ORIN> 1 5 ) ORIN$ = " " : RETURN 1530 IFA=20ANDLENUN$)THENPRINT" [02 LEFT} {left}"; :IK$=LEFT$(IN$,LEN(IN$)-1) 1540 IF{AAND127)<35ORLEN(IN$)=JTHEN1510 1550 PRINTA?,- :IN?=IN$+A$:GOTO1510 1560 : 1570 REM CLEAR MUSIC CHIP 1580 FORI=4TO18STEP7:POKES+I,0 023 : POKES+I , : NEXT : RETURN 1590 : 1600 : 1610 REM CHORD DATA 1620 DATA, 4, 7, ,3,8, ,5,9, "MAJOR 4, 9,, 5, 8, "MINOR 1630 DATA, 3, 6, ,3,9, ,6,9, "DIMINISHED", ,4,8, , 4,8, ,4,8, "AUGMENTED " 1640 DATA, 4, 11, ,4, 11, ,4, 11, "MAJOR 7TH ",,3, 10, ,3,10, ,3,10, "MINOR 7TH " :NEXT:FORI=0T , , J , ' , / 1650 DATA,4,10,,4,10, ,4,10,"DOMIN 7TH",4,7, 9,4,7,9,4,7,9, "MAJOR 6TH " 1660 DATA3,7,9,3,7,9,3,7,9,"MINOR 6TH"," R GOT"," FIRST", SECOND 1670 ; 1680 REM WAVEFORM PARAMETER DATA 1690 DATA, 249, 16, , , , 249 , 32 , , , , 249 , 64 , 160, 15 ,,249,128, ,, ,240,16, , ,204,204,16,, 1700 DATA, 2 52, 64, 200, , 192 , 240 , 32 , , 1710 ; 1720 REM MULTI-INPUT ASSEMBLY CODE 17 30 DATA49152,49294,120,169, ,141,61,3,170, 169,254,133,252,165,252,141, ,220,173 1740 DATAl, 220, 157, 143, 192, 232, 56, 38, 252, 17 6,239,162, ,160,, 189, 143, 192, 42, 176 1750 DATA29, 72, 132, 253, 138, 10, 10, 10, 5, 253,1 68,185,79,192,238,61,3,172,61,3,153 1760 DATA61, 3, 104, 192, 3, 240, 12, 164, 253, 200,. 192,8,208,219,232,224,8,208,209,88 1770 DATA95, 17, 135, 134, 133, 136, 29, 13, 20,0, 6 9,83,90,52,65,87,51,88,84,70,67,54 1780 DATA68, 82, 53, 86, 85, 72, 66, 56, 71, 89, 55, 7 8,79,75,77,48,74,73,57,44,64,58,46 1790 DATA45, 76, 80, 43, 47, 94, 61, 1,19, 59, 42, 92 ,3,81,2,32,50,4,95,49 1800 : 1810 REM MUSICLOADER ASSEMBLY CODE 1820 DATA49408, 49454, 169, 212, 133, 252, 169,, 1 60,6,145,251,136,145,251,170,169,8 1830 DATA136, 145, 251, 138, 145, 251, 136, 192,1, 208,249,188,41,193,185,132,3,145, 251 _, 1840 DATA232,224,6,208,243,96,2,3, ,1,6,5 U WE GOT THE BEST FOR THE COMIS/IODORE 64 (At; The Lowest Prices] BUSINESS ANO HOME APPLICATIOIMS FINANCE CALC 64 DATA BASE 64 INVOICE EASE 64 HESWRITER 64 TOUCH TYPING TUTOR 64 FAMILY PAC 64 [3 IN 1] E MUSIC MAKER 64 BABIES OF THE DIRT GRIDRUNNER TEMPLE OF AP5HAI ANNIHILATOR MOTOR MANIA COIVIPETITIIDN PRO JOYSTICKS The #1 selling finance manager for business and home. A professional record keeping system wich instant recall. A cash register and invoice printer. It even creates a daily and yearly sales report. An advanced word processing system on a cartridge. Learning Cyping can be fun! A check balancer, recipe keeper and a space math game. NTERTAINMENT Play, record and write music. Better than a piano. An earthquake sucks you into the center of the earth. To escape you must kill the Babies Of The Dirt. SuC don't miss, or it's doomsday. Watch out for the Mother! Control your lightning fast battleship against enenny droids. Eliminate monsters and reach the treasure. It's just like the arcade game "Defender." Avoid broken glass, r^ocks, walls, oil spills and crazy drivers. They're the best. 10D% better than Wico. S59.aD SSS.OD ffi35.aO S35,DD S19.GG £45.00 sas.QO SS7.DD S29.GO ffiaa.oo S1B.DO S22.QO SIS.GO YOU CAN TOO! CALL (ai31 gaS-5368 OR MAIL TO: HOUSE OF SOFT\A/ARE • 31 B3 Mercedes Ave. • Arleta. CA 91331 June 1983 COMPUTEr 133 REVIEWS Commodore 64 Programmer's Reference Guide Anu M. Gupta This book is Commodore's an- swer to the many questions of Commodore 64 owners. The manual included with the 64 can get you started, but the serious programmer will probably find much in this book of great value. Thorough Coverage The 486-page guide is thorough in its documentation of the 64's features. It begins by covering the rules governing program- ming in BASIC. There are ex- amples showing how to set up expressions and the hierarchy of mathematical operations. A sec- tion on programming techniques shows the main ways to input m formation into the computer, and methods for conserving memory. The second chapter is a BASIC "dictionary," with com- plete information and examples of what each command does. It's an excellent reference when encountering new commands. The short tutorial on using the keyboard and screen editor should put newcomers to the 64 at ease. The next chapter is an in- depth discussion on using the screen graphics of the 64. The material includes the vital mem- ory locations for video display, display modes, programmable characters, bit-mapping, smooth scrolling, and sprites. The guide devotes more than 50 pages of 134 COMPUTE! June 1983 the graphics chapter to program- ming sprites and contains sample programs with explanations. This section alone may be worth the price of the book. The chapter on sound also combines sample programs with explanatory text to show how the programmer can make use of the 64's sound capabilities. It deals with volume, multiple voices, waveforms, envelopes, filtering, and modulation to help you create the sounds you are after. Machine language. These two words cause some BASIC pro- grammers to pause and catch COMMODORE .i# PROGR,VMMER\S y REFERENCE GITIDE ^' -J^'-^:«5r their breath. Chapter 5 uses a relatively simple vocabulary to introduce some aspects of machine language program- ming. It covers several topics, including the kernal, instruction sets, and addressing modes, to name a few. A complete memory map of the 64 is featured at the ' enci of this chapter. An input/output guide con- stitutes the last chapter, with information on output to such devices as modems and printers. It also illustrates how to make full use of the RS-232 interface, user port, serial bus, and expan- sion port. There is also a section on using paddles, joysticks, and light pens. 100 Pages of Reference Tables Following the last chapter are more than 100 pages of reference tables, including BASIC abbrevi- ations, screen display codes, ASCII codes, note values for music, pinouts of all the major chips, error messages, chip specifications, and a quick refer- ence card. The last page is perhaps the biggest surprise of all, a full fold-out schematic diagram of the 64 for hardware enthusiasts. Commodore has done a solid job with this book. It pro- vides 64 users with important assistance in increasing their understanding of their com- puter. While the book makes no attempt to teach programniing as such, it is a fine reference book. Coiuitiodoir Business Miiciiincs, Inc. 487 Devon Park Drive Wayne, PA '19087 $19.95 © $$$ SAVE TIME & MONEY $$$ •••••••••••••• HANNA ENTERPRISES 1303 COLUMBIA, SUITE 207 RICHARDSON TEXAS 75081 •••••••••••••• TO ORDER CALL (214) 231-2645 Master Card & Visa add 3% surcharge for credit cards FOB. Dallas, Texas COMMODORE COMPUTERS COMPUTERS COMPUTERS COMMODORE NEW B-500 (128) P-500 (128) 8032 64 $795.00 $795.00 $1,004.64 $389.35 DRIVES DRIVES DRIVES COMMODORE MONITORS COLOR & SOUND NEW $239.00 8250 2mg. $1,292.40 8050 Img. $932.50 1541 170k $356.40 1530 DATASETTE $63.00 PRINTERS PRINTERS PRINTERS 8300 8023 1526 $1,436.40 $572.40 $317.97 THE MOST PRACTICAL MICRO DESERVES COMMODORE 64^ THE MOST PRACTICAL SOFTWARE. the fTS INTEGRATED! Series $125.00 EA. WRITERS' ASSISTANT WORD PROCESSING ^ SPREADSHEET £ ASSISTANT SPREAD SHEET ANALYSIS ^ FILING £ ASSISTANT DATA BASE MANAGEMENT A fully integrated software set that is practical and easy to use. The Assistant Series allow you to get the most from your 64 without spending hours learning how to operate the programs! Use The Writer's Assistant and The Filing Assistant to merge mailing lists with form letters - add The Spreadsheet Assistant to include financial projections as part of your documents. All programs include easy to understand Menus, "Help" keys, "Helpful Hints" section, and direct Print commands. Also available - Personal Finance Assistant 59.95. Record 26 Accounts in 26 Categories. Generate reports an any combination of fields. RAINBOW COMPUTER CORPORATION 490 Lancaster Avenue, Frazer, PA 19355 (215) 296-3474 June 1983 COMPUIE! 135 The Printographer Graphics Printer Paclcage For The Apple The Pfititogmplicr, by Stephen Billard, is a utility program which processes high-resolution im- ages on the Apple II computer and sends them to a printer. You can perform cropping oper- ations on the high-resolution screen and determine the format in which the image will appear on the printer. The package comes with one disk including instructions on how to make backup copies and a 27-page manual. Operates With Any Printer The first question that many people will ask about The Prin- tographer is, "Will it work with my printer?" The answer is yes, indeed, if your printer has any graphics capability. A powerful feature of the program is the ease with which it can be con- figured to operate with just about any combination of printer and interface. If you have one of more than a dozen common printers, you do not need to know any technical details of its operation. From a menu, you can identify your printer and, if applicable, the particular interface card that you have. This menu automati- cally appears the first time you boot the disk. The printer specifications that you select are then saved to the disk so that on subsequent runs you are moved directly into the main program without having to identify your particular printer again. The manual explains how to rerun the printer-selection pro- gram should you wish to run The Pyiiitographcr with a different printer. If your printer is not one of those on the menu, then you explain how your printer proces- 136 COMPOTS! June 1983 Richard Cornelius ses information, but the program on the disk still does most of the work. The Prbitographer performs its various cropping operations on the high-resolution screen quickly and smoothly. Pictures can be cropped from the top, bottom, or either side, or in a diamond or oval shape within the boundaries you specify. Starting over again is accom- plished by a single keystroke, and the mechanics of operating the program are easy to under- stand. However, I did encounter a problem. The cropping instruc- tions are given on the text page and include, logically enough, the use of the question mark to return the instructions to the screen. The first time through the instructions, I paid little at- tention to them except to re- member the use of the question mark. Unfortunately, once I was on the high-resolution page for cropping, the question mark generated only a beep from the computer; I saw no instructions. Eventually I found that a CTRL-C would send the program to a point from which I could return to the instructions, but the first time through I had to reboot the disk just to see the instructions again. Easy To Use Most of the program is very easy to use. The general format em- ploys the ESC key to move a highlighting identifier through the menu and the RETURN key to actually select the item that is highlighted. I was impressed with how easy it was to select a high-resolution picture from among a mixture of Applesoft, text, and binary files on one of my own disks. The Printographer gave me a menu of only the high- resolution images on my disk. It even ignored other binary files that were not high-resolution pictures. The printing routines seem to work exactly as specified. Pictures can be printed in normal or inverse mode, vertically or horizontally on the page, magni- fied up to nine times, and tabbed over on the page. Routines for doing this printing from your own programs are available (not copy-protected) on the disk with instructions in the documenta- tion on how to use them. Images can also be saved on a disk in one of three forms: a regular binary file, a compressed version that saves space, or a printer image. If you have the right printer setup, this last form al- lows printer spooling so that the computer is not tied up while the graphics are being printed. The documentation is clear and complete. It is not packaged in a fancy (and expensive) pad- ded binder, but it contains all of the information that I would want to know about the soft- ware. The primary part of the documentation is written so that no technical knowledge of the Apple or printers is required. The appendices, however, con- tain technical details such as writing your own printer driver and memory management so you can use some of the Printog- rapher routines within your own programs. The backup procedure seems to work well. Parts of the disk are copy-protected. The disk, however, comes with its own copying program which, according to the documentation, will make a total of three backup copies of the disk. This copy program uses a single drive, supposedly for assuring maximum reliability during the copying process. The copy pro- gram works essentially like COPYA on the Apple System Master Disk. All in all. The Printographer is a useful utility which is rela- tively easy to use. It comes with complete documentation. The program is not without faults, but technical support is easy to obtain. The price seems in line with the capabilities of the pro- gram. Its strongest feature is the manner in which it can easily be configured to work with whichever graphics printer you might happen to have. The Printograplier SoutliuviScm Diitn Si/^k'tu^ I076'l-E Woodsidc Avenue Saiitee, CA 92071 $49.95 © Marathon For Atari Mike Kinnamon More Than A Math Drill Marathon departs somewhat from typical math drill programs. It makes use of the Atari's graphics and sound capabilities. The object is to advance your marathon runner from the start- ing line at the left of the screen to the finish line at the right. This is accomplished by giving the correct answer to the math problem presented before your opponent does or before the timer runs out. When the game is loaded from disk or cassette, an option allows one or two players. You may then select which mathematical operation the game will focus on - addition, subtraction, multiplication, or division. You may opt for a mixture of these operations by selecting the general category instead. Four Levels Of Difficulty There are four levels of difficulty: walker, jogger, sprinter, and olympian. Each successively higher level decreases the amount of time allowed to cor- rectly answer the math prob- lems. Pressing START begins the game. A math problem, nothing larger than two-digit numbers, will appear near the middle of the screen. Two matrices (one for each player) containing eight answers from which to choose appear on each side of the screen. Once a player has located the correct answer on the matrix, he or she uses the joystick to position the cursor over the ap- propriate cell and presses the red button to indicate the an- swer. The plaver who gets the right answer first is rewarded with the advancement of his or her marathon runner at the top of the screen. The game continues in this manner until one of the player's marathon runners crosses the finish line. On every fifth prob- lem, the players are asked to identify the multiple of a given number. At the game's conclu- sion, the winning player will be ranked from "Walker-Team Six" to "Olympian-Team One." These rankings are derived from a combination of correct an- swers, advancements due to the opponent's incorrect responses, and the number of times that the timer expired. Good Graphics Geoff Brown, the author of Marathon, employs effective mixed screen modes and color schemes. The flow of the pro- gram is smooth and bug-free. Rtniiiers arc locked in a tie at the top of the scree a while the program airnits the niisioer to a math probleiu in Marathon. C€NTURV MICRO PRODUaS "ALL SOFTWARE PRICES Z5°/r40% OFF BETAIL" THE PRODUCTS BELOW ARE JUST AN EXAMPLE OF OUR SUPER DISCOUNTS, MANY MORE PRODUCTS AREAVAILABLEATSIMILARSAVINGSFORAPPLE, IBM P/C ATARI, Tl PROFESSIONAL. COMMODORE. S TRS-80, WRITE OR CALL FOR FREE CATALOG A FPU OUR RETAIL PRICE ASHTON-TATE dBase II (CP/H) BRODERBUND 700.00 449,00 ChoplMter 34.95 25,00 Sefpenline 34.95 25.00 Arcade Machine 54.95 40.00 CONTINENTAL The Home Accountant 74.9S 49.95 Isl Class Mail/Form Leilef 99.95 64.95 EDU-WARE Compu-Read Spelling Bee w/Read Prim. 29.95 21.95 39.95 30.00 Compu-Math/Arilh. Skills INFOCOM 49.» 35.00 Zork 1. 11. or 111 39.95 27.95 Deadline 49,95 34,95 MICROSOFT Multiplan 275, (X) 139 00 MUSE Castle Wollenstein 29-95 21.95 ON-LINE Screenwriter II 12995 85.00 General Manager 229.95 161.00 Frogger 34.95 24.00 Ultima II 5995 42.00 SORCIM SupefCalc SOFTWARE PUBLISHING CORP 295.00 18000 PFS:File(ll or lie) 125.00 88.00 PFSiReport III or He) 125,00 88.00 PFS:Graph(llorlle) 125.00 88.00 PFSFile^Report/Graph 375,00 239.95 SPINNAKER Snooper Troops 1 or II 44.95 32.00 Story Machine 34.95 25.00 Face Maker 34.95 25-00 STONEWARE D.B. Master 229.00 155,00 XEROX Sticky Bear Bop 39.95 29,25 Sticky Sear Numbers 39.95 29,25 Sticky Bear ABC 39.95 29 25 Old Ironsides 39.95 29 25 APPLE HARDWItRE Kralt Joystick 64.95 49 00 Kensington System Saver Fan Hayes Micromodem II w/Terra. Prog. . 89.95 69-00 409.00 299.00 Amdek Color 1 Monitor 399.00 319.00 Amdek Color IRus (NEW!) 429.00 339.95 Amdek Color II Monitor 79900 639-95 ATAR] ATARI INC Centipede 44.95 32.00 Delender 44.95 32.00 E.T. Phone Home 49.95 37.50 Galaxian 44.95 32.00 Home Filing Manager 49.95 36-00 My First Alphabet PILOT (Home Package) 16K RAM Memory Nfodule 34.95 26.00 79.95 5900 99.95 7995 Word Processor 149.95 112.50 BRODERBUND Choplifler 34.95 25.00 Serpentine CONTINENTAL 34.95 25-00 The Home Accountant 74.95 49.95 DATASOFT Canyon Climber Spell Wizard EDU-WARE 29.95 21.95 7995 58.50 Compu-Read 29.95 21.95 Compu-Malh/Fractions 39.95 30.00 Compu-Math/Decimals INFOCOM 3995 30.00 Deadline 49.95 34.00 Zork 1, II or 111 3995 27.00 ON-LINE Frogger 34.95 23.00 Ultima II 59.95 39.00 SPINNAKER Snooper Troops 1 or II 44,95 32,00 Story Machine 34.95 25.00 Face Maker 34.95 25.00 WICO Famous Red Ball Joystick 34.95 27,50 Trackball 6S.95 52,00 TO ORDER: CALL 1-714-951-5596 | 8:00 A M-6:0OPM PST Moo-Sal. Orders will be credited lor call CENTURY MICRO PRODUCTS P Box 2SM Mission Vieio. CA 82690 MoneyOrOers/CashiersCnecksaccepied Vtsa/Mastercard add ih. Personal checks allow 2 weeks to clear, CA residents add sales tax. Shipping and nandlino add S3 (X) (hardware extra). Prices subjec to Chang 1 June 1983 COMPUTE! 137 I have used this program in my fourth- through sixth-grade classes and found it helpful in motivating students who need remediation. Ten to 15 minutes seemed to be the attention span for the majority of the students. Marathon can be put to good use in the classroom. Marathon Educational Softumrc Inc. 4565 Chenyvaic Avenue Soqtiel, C A 95073 Requires 16K RAM Cassette 24K RAM Disk $19.95 © Disk Data Manager For VIC And 64 Ca! Hunter After acquiring my first com- puter, a Commodore VIC-20, I found that my most pressing need was for a data processing program that would enable me to maintain customer profile information and to search out, sort, and print mailing lists and different categories of informa- tion for marketing programs. After browsing the magazine advertisements, I chose Disk Data Manager by MicroSpec. It requires a mini- mum of 8K expansion for a VIC (to handle up to 600 records). With even greater expansion, up to 1200 records can be maintained. Novices should have no dif- ficulty handling the program. The instruction manual is weU-written and thorough, and program prompts are self-explanatory. It's worth the time, however, to carefully read the instruction manual before loading and run- ning the program. Functional Screen Displays I was impressed with the func- tional and professional-looking 138 COMPini! June 1983 ARCADE GAMES! ^ NEW FOR THE ^E commodore b4 COLLISION Avoid the walls, the purple dots, and the lines as you maneuver to make your op- ponent crash before time runs out. 9 levels of difficul- ty. Bonus time for high scores. 1 or 2 players. Joysticks required. AVAILABLE JUNE lit, 1983 WHY IS THIS MAN SMILING?? Because he's blasting Happy Faces to bits playing HAVE A NICE DAY! on his Commodore 64 computer! HAVE A NICE DAY! fias sprite animation, music, mactiine code, bonus screens, interludes, and ex- ploding Happy Faces. What more could you wiant? ©HAVE A NICE DAY! for the Commodore 64. At computer stores everywhere, or send $21.95 for cassette tape/S24.95 tor disk, plus $1.50 shipping to address below. ATYOUR DEALER NOWI Ask for COLLISION! at your dealer, or send S12.95 for each cassette tape. S15.95 per disk, plusSl.SO shipping to address below. THE CLONES ARE COMINGJ Topoipgic B P.O. Box 752 Burlington, la. 52601 Ph. Dealer inquiries invited, 319-754-5291 ■Commodore &4 is a IracJemark of Commodore Business Macnmes, inc. FIVE POWERFUL SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT TOOLS P/us Zke Smt'mg JOew Book INSIDE THE COMMODORE 64" THE BOOK A complsle clear explanation ol macTilne language. Assembly language. Commodore 64 archlleclurs, graphics. Joystick and sound effect programming. Detailed step-by-step guide to tfie use of the davalopment tools. How to combine BASIC and machine language, make avjto-atan cartridges. Interface with the Internal ROM- based programs of BASIC and the Kernal. Sample programs fully explained. THE TOOLS Assembler/ Edltor/Loader'Decoder/Monltor Full-featured Assembler ailows use of labels, comments and arithmetic exprasslons to create machine language programs. Create, save, modify Assembly language programs with the Editor. Load and link machine language modules with the Loader. Decode macfilne language back Into assembly language tor study or Input to the Editor. SlnglS'Slap program execution with the Monitor. Combines Assembler/Editor lor maxi- mum ease of use. ALL FOR $54.95 plus $2.00 postage and handling Add SS.OO for disk version. Send check, M.O., VISA/IMC (S2.0O S.C.) or specify C.O.D. (add $3.00) to: '^Mfi&'A k P.O. Box 207, Cannon Falls, MN 55009 507-263-4821 Commodore 64^" is a fegliiered TM oJ Commodore BuiJriess Machines inc. AARDVARK - THE ADVENTURE PLACE TRS-80 COLOR COMMODORE 64 VIC-20 SINCLAIR/TIMEX TI99 WE CARRY MORE THAN ADVENTURESII MAXI-PROS WORD PROCESSING ti^'^ The easiest to use word processor that I know of. Has all the features of a major word processor (right and left margin justification, page rvumbering, global and line editing, single, double, triple spacing, text centering, etc.) at a very cheap price because we wrote it in BASIC. Includes 40 page manual and learning guide. Easily modified lo handle almost any printer combination. Available on disk or tape for VIC20, COMMODORE64, and TRS-80 COLOR cornputer. Requires 13k RAM on Vic, 16k EXTENDED on TRS-80 COLOR. ^ $19.95 on tape $24.96 on disk. ^"t^ GENERAL LEDGER - Complete bookkeep- ing for a small business. Disk required. For Vic20 (13k|, Commodore64, TRS-SO COLOR (16k EXTENDED). $69.95 (Send $1.00 for manual before ordering.) LABYRJNTH - 16K EXTENDED COLOR BASIC — With amazing 3D graphics, you fight your way through a maze facing real time monsters. The graphics are real enough to cause claustrophobia. Similar game for Timex/Slnctair 16k - hunting treasure instead of monsters $14.95. ADVENTURE WRITING/DEATHSHIP by Rodger Oisen — This is a data sheet showing how we do it. It is about 14 pages of detailed instructions how to write your own adven- tures, it contains the entire text of Deaihship. Data sheet - $3.95. NOTE: Owners of TI99, TRS-80, TRS-80 Color, and Vic 20 computers can also get Deathship on tape for an addi- tional $5.00. Dealers — We have the best deal going for you. Good discounts, exchange programs, and fac- tory support. Send for Dealer Information. Authors — Aardvark pays the highest commis- sions in the industry and gives programs the widest possible advertising coverage. Send a Self Addressed Stamped Envelope for our Authoni Information Package. ADVENTURES — Adventures are a unique form of computer game. They let you spend 30 to 70 hours exploring and conquering a world you have never seen before. There is little or no luck in Adventuring. The rewards are for creaiive thinking, courage, and wise gambling — not fast reflexes. In Adventuring, the computer speaks and listens to plain English. No prior knowledge of computers, special controls, or games is re- quired so everyone enjoys them— even people who do not like computers. Except for Quest, itself unique among Ad- venture games. Adventures are non-graphic. Adventures are more like a novel than a comic book or arcade game. It is like reading a par- ticular exciting book where you are the main character. All of the Adventures in this ad are in Basic. They are full featured, fully plotted adventures that will take a minimum of thirty hours (in several sittings! to play. Adventuring requires 16k on Sinclair, TRS- 80, and TRS-SO Color. They require 8k on OSI and 13k on VIC-20. Sinclair requires extended BASIC. Now available for TI99. PYRAMID by Rodger Olsen - This is one of our toughest Adventures. Average time through the Pyramid is 50 to 70 hours. The old boys who built this Pyramid did not mean for it to be ransacked by people like you. Authors note to players — This is a very entertaining and very tough adventure. I left clues everywhere but came up with some in- genous problems. This one has captivated people so much that I get calls daily from as far away as New Zealand and France from bleary eyed people who are stuck in the Pyramid and desperate for more clues. MARS by Rodger Olsen — Your ship crashed- on the Red Planet and you have to get home. You will have to explore a Martian city, repair your ship and deal with possibly hostile aliens to get home again. Authors note to players — This is highly recommended as a first adventure, h is in no way simple — playing time normally runs from 30 to 50 hours — but it is constructed in a more "open" manner to let you try out ad- venturing and get used to the game before you hit the really tough problems. TREK ADVENTURE by Bob Retelle - This one takes place aboard a familiar starship and is a must for trekkies. The problem is a famil- iar one - The ship is in a "decaying orbit" (the Captain never could learn to park!) and the engines are out (You would think that in all those years, they would have learned to build some that didn't die once a week!. Your options are to start the engine, save the ship, get off the ship, or die. Good Luck. Authors note to players — I wrote this one with a concordance in hand. It is very accurate — and a lot of fun. It was nice to wander around the ship instead of watching it on T.V. bE RELICT by Rodger Olsen and Bob Ander- son — For Wealth and Glory, you have to ran- sack a thousand year old space ship. You'll have to learn to speak their language and operate the machinery they left behind. The hardest problem of all is to Jive through it. Authors note to players — This adventure is the new winner in the "Toughest Adventure at Aardvark Sweepstakes". Our most difficult problem in writing the adventure was to keep it logical and realistic. There are no irrational traps and sudden senseless deaths in Derelict. This ship was designed to be perfectly safe for its' builders. It just happens to be deadly to alien invaders like you. Dungeons of Death — Just for the 16k TRS- SO COLOR, this is the first D&D type game good enough to qualify at Aardvark. This is serious D&D that allows 1 to 6 players to go on a Dragon Hunting, Monster Killing, Dun- geon Exploring Quest- Played on an on-screen map, you get a choice of race and character (Human, Dwarf, Soldier, Wizard, etc.), a chance to grow from game to game, and a 15 page manual. At the normal price for an Ad- venture ($14.95 tape, $19.95 disk), this is a giveaway. QUEST by Bob Retelle and Rodger Olsen - THIS IS DIFFERENT FROM ALL THE OTHER GAMES OF ADVENTURE!!!! It is played on a computer generated map of Alesia. You lead a small band of adventurers on a mission to conquer the Citadel of Moor- lock. You have to build an army and then arm and feed them by combat, bargaining, explora- tion of ruins and temples, and outright ban- ditry. The game takes 2 to 5 hours to play and is different each time. The TRS-80 Color version has nice visual effects and sound. Not available on OSI. This is the most popular game we have ever published. 32K TRS 80 COLOR Version $24.95. Adds a second level with dungeons and more Questing. PRICE AND AVAILABILITY: All adventures are $14.95 on tape. Disk versions are available on VIC/COMMODORE and TRS-80 Color for S2.00 additional. $2.00 shipping charge on each order. Please specify system on all orders ALSO FROM AARDVARK — This is only a partial list of what we carry. We have a lot of other games (particularly for the TRS-SO Color and OSI ), business programs, blank tapes and disks and hardware. Send $1 .00 for our complete cataloQ. AARDVARK 2352 S. Commerce, Walled Lake, Ml 48088 / (313) 669-3110 ^ Phone Orders Accepted 8:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. EST. Mon.-Fri. TRS-80 COLOR TIMEX/SINCLAIR COMMODORE 64 $2.00 shipping on eacK order 11/ VIC-20 June1<?83 COMPtni! 139 screen displays. When the pro- gram is loaded and run, a menu appears: CReate a File ADd a Record DElete a Record CHange a Record BRowse thru the File SEarch the File PRint the File EXit the File Entering the first two char- acters executes the desired func- tion. The first time 3'ou run the program, the only valid options will be to CReate a File or EXit the File. A data base description file is required to perform the other options. One word of caution: It is imperative that you always exit the program with the EXit op- tion. This procedure closes and updates all file records. Failure to do so can result in all newly entered data being erased. To create a file format, enter the CReate option. You will be queried on the number of fields per record. Any number up to nine may he selected. You will then be prompted to name each field. My prospect file required seven fields: Field #1 Name Field #2 Address Field #3 Phone Field #4 Sex Field #5 Age Field #6 Rating Field #7 Comments The Disk Data Manager per- mits me to add new prospects, delete a record when it is no longer needed, or change a re- cord when new information is obtained. It's efficient. At any time, I can browse through my prospects or even search for a particular record. If I wish, I can print out a complete listing of the desired information in any category. The PRint option offers sev- eral functions. You may print your entire file in record number sequence, or you may specify a field to sort on. If you select a field to sort on, you will be asked wo COMPUTE! June19B3 to specify the low and high limits. For instance, in the above prospect file, if you elected to sort on field #5, you could elect a low of 35 and a high of 50. The report would then be printed listing only persons in the file between 35 and 50 years of age. Commodore 64 Version When I recently traded in my VIC for a Commodore 64, I or- dered the 64 Data Manager, a somewhat more elaborate ver- sion of the same program. The menu is the same. The add, delete, and change options are still basically the same, but the browse function permits you to examine the next record for- ward or backward. The SEarch and PRint op- tions offer some very useful changes. Instead of the sort by low and high parameters, you may now become more specific by entering selection criteria. The message line will prompt; "field# (eq, ne, gt. It, ge, ie) Argument." You may select one of the two-character equivalency parameters. They stand for equal, not equal, greater than, less than, greater than equal to, and less than equal to. Argument stands for the value you wish the field compared against. An example might illustrate this concept best: Field # Field ID 1 Name 2 Age 3 Sex 4 Salary We wish to select persons over 30 years old who are male and earn $20,000 or less. We would then enter the following criteria: 2gt30 Seqmale 41e20000 Disk Data Manager is quite a flexible, valuable tool. Disk Data Manager MicroSpec, Ltd. 2905 Ports O'Call Court Piano. TX 75075 $59.95 © Ghost Encounters For Atari Tinn Halcomb Glwst Encounters, by J. V. Soft- ware, is a realtime graphic ad- venture game. It requires an Atari 400 or 800, at least !6K of memory, and one joystick. Ghost Encounters is available on diskette and cassette. You begin your quest in a base room which contains the doors leading to each additional room (for that particular level). As you complete each task, or exit a room for whatever reason, you are returned to the base room from which you can decide your next challenge. Upon en- tering a room which contains a treasure, you hear four bell tones. What you must do is tag the prize and exit the room with- out being destroyed. Agile Monsters You can be destroyed in a couple of ways - by monsters or by the timer. Several different monsters will hunt you. Being touched by one of them will cost you one life, and you are promptly returned to the base room for whatever level you are playing. The various monsters seem to be much more agile than you (the ghost). You can move north, south, east, west and four diagonal direc- tions, but you are limited - you can't move through walls. The enemy can go through walls and in most cases moves T!ie ohost beijiiis its treasure hunt in Ghost Encounters. VIC 20 40-80 COLUMN BOARD only 99 00 "15 DAY FREE TRIAL" • We have the lowest VIC-20 prices • We have over 500 progranifl • Visa — Mastercharge — C.O.D. • We love our customersl £|^|£RPR|2tS (vi'E LOVE OUR customers) BOX 550, BARRINGTON. ILLINOIS 60010 Phone 312/3«2-5244 to order MAKE YOUR VIC-20 COMPUTER TALK when you plug in our ONLY $79°° VOICE SYNTHESIZER You can program an unlimited number of words and sentences and even adjust volume and pitch. You can make: • Adventure games that talk • Real sound action games This voice synthesizer is VOTRAX based and has features equivalent to other models costing over J370.O0. To make programming even easier, our unique voice editor will help you create words and sentences with easy to read, easy to use symbols. The data from the voice editor can then be easily transferred to your own programs to make customized talkies. * FREE — Your choice of $19.95 4" Speaker and Cabinet or $14.95 Voice Editor if you order before June 15, 1983! "15 DAY FREE TRIAL" • We have the lowest VIC-20 prices . We have over 500 programs ENTERPRIZES («to«ou«a«To«E«) • Visa - Mastercharge - C.O.D. l-iiiii_nrni^t.O . uj-i^ -, * t BOX 550, BARRINGTON, ILLINOIS 60010 • We love our customersl p^one 31 2/382-5244 to order Get Omni quality for as little as $1.99. . . even if all you want is a 10 pack. ARCHIVE 152 Boston Turnpike Shrewsburv, MA 01545 (800) 343-0314; In Mass; (617) 756-2960 Call roll-free for great savings on Omni's compiece line of 5'/V and 8" premium disks, Eiich is certified error-free ar a minimum of twice the error threshold of your system. Each is rated for more than 12 million passes without disk-related errors or significant wear. And each is precision fabricated to e.xceed all ANSI specifications with such standard features as reinforced hub rings and Tyvec sleeves. Get next day shipment and an unconditional, no hassle money-back guarantee. Call toll free 343-0314 In Mass: (617) 756-2960 Call it you're not sure which disk is compatible with your system. Call for prices on ^^6 tpi and special formats. We offer an unconditional money-back warranty. We're here to help. Be sure to indicate system/drive name and model # below. ow, mplete line 8" and 51/4" iks, including TPI and ial formaL Singic side/single density 5 '/4" disks Cost per 10 pack Quantity S 1^.90 8' t Cost per 10 pack S24.90 S3 1.90 S34.90 $37.50 S39.90 5 3.49 v-l iisks Quantity Total Cost Single side/double detisicv S21.90 '^ Doubie siiii'/singlc density s Dnuliic siJir/dimhlc dtnsitv S17.50 ■f F!ip/Floppv tcvcrsible S. 19.90 .^ & 2.99 > (in iitu of ^oft stiirai;u' ho.t) Shipping and handling (SI.OO firsi 10 \--mV, AOi addidon 5% sales tax (Mass only) il 10 pricks. Conrinvntnl U.S. on KterCard DviSA n Check DcoD Dm Card 1' Total <; ■lytn^/drivc mrM i AHdr«, C-6 much faster than the ghost. Dociging these creatures can be very risky. You can run from them, or you can shoot at them. If you are a real marksman you can do both, bul you had better be L]uick. In order to shoot at an object, you must move in the di- rechon oi that object, because the bullets are aimed in the direction you were moving immediately prior to releasing the fire button. so, to shoot at something that is chasing you, you must stop running and fire before your enemy closes in on you. Puzzles Not all rooms have monsters in them. In some, you must solve a puzzle to gain passage to vour prize. The ghost can transform into eight different shapes which assist in solving the puzzles. No matter what your op>- position in each room, you must beat the timer. The countdown rate is different from room to room. Each time the timer counts to zero, you lose one life. You may restore the timer any time by passing through a door. Treasure Hunt The object of the game is to col- lect as many prizes as you can before you lose your ten lives. Once you capture all the pirizes for any level, you are automati- cally promoted to the next level, and the game continues. The faster you capture the prizes, the better your score will be. The game responds a bit siowly to the constantly changing joystick position. Also a feature which would allow the game to be saved would be resumeci at another time would be nice. This game has qualities that are similar to those of the arcade games and other charac- teristics in common with adven- ture games. All in all, it's very entertaining. Ghost Encounters /. V. Soflzvare, Inc. 3090 Mark Avenue Santa Clara, CA 95031 $29.95 © EASTCOAST SOFTWARE CCS. . . infhiliini-finhliuif piuis. ATARI' SOFTWARE SOFTWARE usT sale 6502 DlMlwmWsr 24KD S14-9S S10.75 All Bsbe & Fony Thl.v« 32KD 32.95 22.SQ Allin Ambuih b a».9S 20.70 Alun Swum 16KC 29.95 20,95 Alpha ShI.ldR 34.95 24 60 Aral-SubPairalD 29-95 20,70 Ann.SubP«rolC 19.9= 13 75 ApplEPonlcC/D 29.95 20.70 AtanBiilcBKR 59.95 46.40 Alarl Home Invenioiy D 24,95 18.05 AIOTI HouMhold Flnonc« D 39,95 30.15 AlstlWrlUrR 79,95 62 00 Anick At EP-CYG-4 D 32,95 24,90 Antck A1EP-CYC-4C 29 95 20.9:! AvtlBnch(C/D 22-95 17,75 Bindlli4aKD 34.9a 24-15 Bas.b.lll6KC 29.95 20.95 Banc A* 3ZKD 80.00 60.00 Basic Compll«32KD 99.95 70 00 asnltFoTNormondyC/D 39.95 28,90 Binlt of Shlloh C/D 39.95 28-90 Booklietper 4aKD 149-95 116.25 CondyFwomD 29,95 20.70 ConiFOn Cllmbtr C/D 29.95 20.95 Caitls WoHaniwln D 29,95 20.95 C€nilp«d«aKR 44,95 34.7S Ch6u4SKD 69-95 49.50 Choplll1er4«KD 34.95 14.10 Claim Jumpet C/D - -34.95 24.15 CliimJumptiR 44.95 3115 Clowns &as:loon5 C/D 29.95 20,95 Coramb»l24KD 24.95 17 90 CommunlcalorKitR 279.95 235,00 Compii-Math/Fractlonj 32KC 29.95 20 70 Compu-Malh/D«ci!B»li 32KC 29.95 20 70 CompuHeac 4BKD 29 96 20 70 Conlroller 32KD 30.00 20.70 Convcnaliona! French 16KC 59-95 46-40 Cosmic Balance 4aKD 39 95 28.90 Ciossfirf C/D 29.95 20.70 CtossflrcSKR 44 93 3110 Cimh. Crumble & Chomp C/D 29.95 20.70 Danqm in DrindisnC/D 19.95 13.75 Dsa Perfect 32KD 99 95 70.30 Dalasm65 2 4BKD 99.95 70.00 David's Midnight Mjijic 4aKD 34.95 24.15 Deadline 32KD 49,95 34.S0 Deadly Duck R -- 34 95 24.55 DefenderR 44.95 34.75 Delia Drawing D 59,95 4305 Deluxe Inuadiis 16KR 39-95 27.60 Dig Dug R - 44.95 34.75 Disk Manage. 32KD 29.95 20.95 Diskev 32KD 49.95 35 50 Dneiper River Lme40KD 30.00 20.95 DogD»tcC/n 22.95 17 75 DrclbsR 4495 31 10 DrclbsC 34.95 24.20 Easlern From C/D 29.95 23.25 Edii6502.32KR 199.95 145 tHl Empire 1)1 Ihe Ouermind C/D .35.00 24 .20 EPYX3.PackD ... 49.95 34.50 ETHomePhoneR -- 49.95 38 75 FaceMakerD -. 34-95 24.75 Family Finance D 49.95 38.75 Fanlasllc Voyage R .34.95 24.60 [^asiEddyR .34.95 24,.55 File 11 2 Syslem Z4KD 49.95 35.50 File Harvdaer 800 + 40KD 99.95 69- 00 RpOulD 29.95 20.95 Fori Apocalypse C/D 34.95 24 75 Fon Aixicalypse R 44.95 3110 Frogger C/D 34.95 24.10 GalaxianR ...44.95 34 75 GFS Sorceress 40KD 35.00 24 2(1 GFS Sorceress 48KC 30.00 2(1 7(1 Gorf 16KD 39 95 27 60 Gorfl6KR 44 95 3(1 SO Home ArcounlAitt D 74.95 48.05 Home Filing Manager .32KD 49 95 38 75 Home Financial Management C 29 95 23 00 Home Manager Kit D 79.95 62.00 SOFTWARE UST sale Invllailor. 10 Programming 1 SKC . S24 95 S19 25 Invilallon 10 Programming 2 SKC . 29 96 23. lo 1 nvltatlon to Programming 3 BKC . 29.95 23.15 h-ll-Balloon C/6 34.95 24 75 J.v»bt..ktrC/D 29.95 20.70 Jerry While's Music LeiiOM C/D 29.95 20.95 J ourney 10 the Planets C / D 29.95 20 70 Jumbo Je; Pilot R 49.95 38,30 KDOS32KD 89.95 62 75 K-RAZY AntlksSKR 49,95 3= 50 K-RAZY Kriners 8KR 49.95 35.50 K-RAZY Shootout 8KR 49 ,95 35, 50 K-SliiPatrolSKR 49,95 35,50 Keys of Acheron C/D 19 95 13 75 KlrdeicompD 34.95 2o,4S UierMajeC 29.95 20.70 Letter Perfect 24KD 149.95 103.60 Lunar Lseper D 29.95 20.70 M.A.S-H,?! 39.95 27.60 MailMerge/UiilltyWKD 29.95 20.70 Master Type 32KD 39.95 27.60 Mlciosofl Basic 32KD 89.95 70.00 Mldu.ey Campaign 32KC 1600 11-50 Miner S049«r 16KR 49.95 35.50 MoonBaselOC/D 29 95 20.95 Morloc's Tower C/D 19,95 13 75 NaulllusC-D 34,95 24.15 OuilaiL Howiuei CD 22.95 17.75 PacMar.SKR 44.95 34,75 Pacific Cooit Highway C/D 29.95 20.95 PinballD ... 29-95 20.95 Pool 1-543KD 34.95 24.10 POOI40016KR 39.95 28.90 Preparation for the S AT 16KC .. . 125.00 90.00 Prepple32KD 29 95 20-70 Ptepptel6KC 19.95 13,75 Preschool IQ Builder 24KD 23.95 17,00 Pieschool IQ Builder 16KC 16-95 12.00 Proatammer Kit 8KR ... 69.95 57.85 Protector II C/D 34.95 24.15 ProteciorllR 44 95 31.15 QS Re^ersiD 29.95 20-70 Rear Guard 24KD 24 95 17.25 Rear Guard 16KC 19.95 13.75 Rescue aiRlgel C/D 29.95 20.70 S.A.M.BKD 59.95 41.45 Sea Dragon D 34.95 24.15 SeaFoKiSKD 29.95 20.95 Serpentine C/D 34.95 24 IS ShamusC/D 34.95 24.10 Shamui R 44.95 31.15 SlimeC/D 34.95 24.15 Slime R 44.95 3115 Snake Evle48KD 29.95 20.70 Snooper Troops 'ID 44.95 33.00 Snooper Troops '2D 44.95 33.00 Space Invaders 8KR - 34.95 28 45 Spell Wuard 48KD 79 95 6000 Squish Em R 39.95 27.60 Star RaldersSKR 44.95 34.75 Star Warrior C/D 39.95 27.60 Starcross 32KD 39.95 27.60 Sloiy Machine D 34.95 24.75 Submarine Commander R 49.95 39.30 Tanliiics32KD 2900 2000 Temple of Apshai C/D 39.95 27-60 Tent Wiiard 32KD 99.95 70.00 Thiesluild 40KD 39.95 27 55 Tigers m the Snow C/D 39 95 28 90 Ultima IU8KD 59.95 41.40 Ulysses 8c The Golden Fleece 40KD 34.95 2410 Upper Reaches of Apshal C/D 1995 13.75 VC 4(1KD 25.00 17.90 Visicalc (Special Price) 32KD 250.00 172.00 Way Oui 48KD 39.95 27.55 WiianlofWorl6KD 39-9S 27.60 Wiratd of Wor 16KR 44.95 31.00 2aii«onD 39.95 27.60 ZjKninC 39.95 28.90 7orkl:i2KD 39.95 27.60 Zorkli:i2KD 39.95 27.60 Zork III 32KD - - 39.95 27.60 EASTCOAST SOFTWARE 110 West Caracas Avenue Hershey. PA 17033 MAIL YOUR OHUKH OR CALL (717) 533-8125 HARDWARE ust sai£ 12' Joystick EKlenslon Cord S9.95 57. 75 Amdek 12" Green (Monitor 179 00 148.7d AmdekColorlMnn 399.00 336.25 Alan 16K RAM Module 99.95 86.25 Atari Can Fllp-N-Fll. 29.95 8.85 Atari Joysticks {Pair) 19.85 12-85 Aian Joystick [Single! 9.95 6.45 Atari Paddles 14.95 11.50 B Key 400 Keyboard 119-95 99.00 Hnyc! Smaitmoilem 300 289.00 215.00 Intec I6K RAM Card (400/800) 50 00 45.25 Intitc 32K RAM Card (400/800) 90.00 65.35 lni,c48K RAM Card 1400) 115.00 86.70 LEStick -39 95 29.15 Microtek 16K Memory Board 99.50 67 86 Microtek 32K Memory Board 139.50 93.00 MPC 32K Memory Board 139.50 107.00 MFC BSR Controller 159.50 122.30 NEC 1201 12 ' Green Mntr 285.00 159 00 NEC 1212ColorMnlr 399.00 31000 NEC 1260 12" Green Mutt 149.95 125.00 NEC 3023 Printer 645.00 47500 Parallel Pnnter Cable 39.50 32 75 Relcom Add-On Drive 439.00 376.50 PetcomAT-SS-SlDilve 48S-D0 463.75 Petcom Flrsl.Drlue 699.00 697 60 ProiMitei 2 ISSO-P Printer 995 00 750.00 ProwntcrSSlOAPPhntet 695.00 500 00 Quickshol Joysticks 19.95 1410 Sanyo 12" Green Mntr 260.00 198.75 Sanyo 13 " Color Mntr - . 47000 390.00 Sanyo 9" Green Mntr 200.00 155 00 Serial Nlodem Cable 39.50 29.50 Serial Printer Cable 34.50 28.50 Signalman Alan Modem MK II 9900 8 1 50 Slarv.T,lerF10P,lnter 1695.00 1562.50 Taxan 12" Amber Mnlr 17900 136-95 Tanan 12" Green Mntr 169.00 124.40 TGTrakBall, 64,95 46.00 USI PI-2 12' Green Mntr 210.00 154.55 USI PI 3 12 ■ Amber Mnti 249.00 16200 USI PI-4 9 "Amber Mntr -215-00 154.55 WICO Joyjdcli 29.95 22.50 WICO Joystick Delune 39.95 27.50 WICO Red BallJoystick 34 95 25.00 WICOTtackball 69.95 52.50 SUPPLIES UST SAi£ AlariDiskHip N Flic S29 95 S18.15 DywnDisks 5000 41.50 Elephant Disk! (SS/SD( 34.00 21.90 Elephant Disks ISS/DD) 37.00 25.00 Epson MX. 1 00 Ribbon 25.00 16-65 Epson MX.80 Ribbons |2| 28.00 12.55 Head Cleaning Kit 29 95 19.20 ManellMDl Disks -- 5190 3000 NEC 8023 Ribbons (2: 19.95 1710 Printer Paper 20' Pert 32.20 (+ Shipping) Stnilh Corona TP Film Ribbon 7.95 6.35 Starwriter Nylon Ribbon 5.75 4.65 StariATtter Film Ribbon - - 5,50 4.50 Trunk Disk Storage 29.95 21.50 Verbatim MD525 Disks , 4900 28.90 BOOKS UST SALE "Alan Basic Relerence" Book $10.95 $8.50 "Alan Basic' Book 10.95 8.50 "Atari Games St Recreation" Book 14 95 11. 50 ■" Atati Pilot For Beginners ' Book 14 .95 1 1 .50 ■"Alan Sounds & Graphics"' Book 995 8.25 "Book of Atari Software.E3"" Book 19.95 12.80 ■"Kids and the Atari"' Book 19.95 15.90 ""Technical User Notes"" Book 29.95 23.75 '"The Atari Assembler"" Book 1 2-95 9-9S "Vour Atan Computet" BooJr 16. 95 1300 Key; IDI ftil. lO Cassette, (ill Rom Caitridgi- Many mnre IMIei QiKifraUe.' We atao cony afifll line o/ Appte Software, Alurr ij a retiialfrftt tTodtmart t^ ATAHl COMPUJEH IKC, Shipping 1% (S2.50 niin.) C.O.I). Add Ai> Addiiitmal SZ.Sd .Forrioii FPO.AI'O Otdi-rs We Ship Air MiiiL.Add 7".', fll.S. Ciirmnv Onlyl Nn Mintnmnt Order .VisH-Miis(ririiirti.C.O.[).-Chfi-k ■ Prices Suhjct i Tn Chitiitic June 1983 COMPUTE! 143 A Beginner's Guide To Typing in Programs What Is A Program? A computer cannot perform any task by itself. Like a car without gas, a computer lias potential, but without a program, it isn't going anywhere. Most of the programs published in COMPUTE! are written in a computer language called BASIC. BASIC is easy to learn and is built into most com- puters (on some computers, you have to purchase an optional BASIC cartridge). BASIC Programs Each month, COMPUTE! publishes programs for many machines. To start out, type in only pro- grams written for your machine, e.g., "TI Version" if you have a Tl-99/4. Later, when you gain ex- perience with your computer's BASIC, you can try typing in and converting certain programs from one computer to yours. Computers can be picky. Unlike the English language, which is full of ambiguities, BASIC usually has only one "right way" of stating some- thing. Every letter, character, or number is signif- icant. A common mistake is substituting a letter such as "O" for the numeral "0", a lowercase "1" for the numeral "1", or an uppercase "B" for the numeral "8". Also, you must enter all punctuation such as colons and commas just as they appear in the magazine. Spacing can be important. To be safe, type in the listings exacth/ as they appear. Brackets And Special Characters The exception to this typing rule is when you see the curved bracket, such as "{DOWN}". Any- thing within a set of brackets is a special character or characters that cannot easily be listed on a print- er. When you come across such a special state- ment, refer to the appropriate key for your com- puter. For example, if you have an Atari, refer to the "Atari" section in '''How to Type COMPUTEI's Programs." About DATA Statements Some programs contain a section or sections of DATA statements. These lines provide informa- tion needed by the program. Some DATA state- ments contain actual programs (called machine language); others contain graphics codes. These lines are especially sensitive to errors. If a single number in any one DATA statement is mistyped, your machine could "lock up," or "crash." The keyboard, break key, and RESET {or STOP) keys may all seem "dead," and the screen ^4A COMPUni June 1983 may go blank. Don't panic - no damage is done. To regain control, you have to turn off your com- puter, then turn it back on. This will erase what- ever program was in memory, so always SAVE a copy of your program before you RUN it. If your computer crashes, you can LOAD the program and look for your mistake. Sometimes a mistyped DATA statement will cause an error message when the program is RUN. The error message may refer to the program line that READs the data. The error is still in the DATA statements, though. Get To Know Your Machine You should familiarize yourself with your com- puter before attempting to type in a p'rogram. Learn the statements you use to store and retrieve programs from tape or disk. You'll want to save a copy of your program, so that you won't have to type it in every time you want to use it. Learn to use your machine's editing functions. How do you change a line if you made a mistake? You can always retype the line, but you at least need to know how to backspace. Do you know how to enter inverse video, lowercase, and control char- acters? It's all explained in your computer's manuals. A Quick Review 1) Type in the program a line at a time, in order. Press RETURN or ENTER at the end of each line. Use backspace or the back arrow to correct mistakes. 2) Check the line you've typed against the line in the magazine. You can check the entire program again if you get an error when you RUN the program. 3) Make sure you've entered statements in brac- kets as the appropriate control key (see "How To Type COMPUTEI's Programs" elsewhere in the magazine.) Wc rc'i^rcl that we are (to loiif^er nhle to respond to iniiivhiual inquiries about programs, products, or services afrfvariui^ in COMPUTE! due to iitcrensing publieniioii netii'ity. On those infrequent occasions when a published pro^rani contnius a typo, the correc- tion luill appear on the CAPUTE! pa;^c, usually witbiti eight zeeeks. If you have specific questions about items or programs whicli you'xv seen in COMPUTE!, please send tliem to Renders Feedback, l^.O. Box 5406, Greensboro, NC 27403. COMPUTER OUTLET'S EDUCATIONAL RECOMMENDATIONS Pre-School Sammy The Sea Serpent . |C)$13, (D1S19 Oswald and the Golden Key (C)S13.(D)S19 Pre-School 1.0. Builder (C| $13, (D) $24 Hodge Podge (D) S16 My First Alphabet (D| S26 Ten Litlte Robots (C)$13,(D)S15 Basic IVIafh I + ,-, VOID).. J19 Basic l^ath (Add,. Sub.) or Mult, Div.l(C) tlO Alien Counier/Face Flash (C, D( $26 JarGame/Chaos(C, D\ $26 Pre-School Fun (Color, Shape, etc.) (CI $16 Hickory Dickor// Baa Baa Black Sheep (Cl $25 Humpty Oump!y/Jack and Jill (C) $25 Counters (CD) $19 Facemaker-tD) $23 fmOiderenKD) $19 Math Monkey Up a Tree (C, D) 119 Video Math Flash Cards (CD) $13 Math-Tic-Tac-Toe(C, D) $13 Calculus Demon (CD) $19 Cubbyholes (CD) $19 Metric and Problem Solving (D) $26 Algicalc(C,D} $19 Polycalc(C. D) $19 Counters (Ages 3-6) (CD) $26 Basic Math (Add., Sub.) (C| $10 Basic Mach(Mull.,Dlv.)(C) $10 Basic Malh( + . -, ',0(0) $19 Ten Little Robots (C) $13, (0)$15 Compumaih-Ffacilons (C) $23, (D) $29 Compumath-Decimals (C)$23,(D)$a9 Alien Nunnbers (CD) S23 Math Pak 1(C, D) $23 Alien Counter/FaceFlash(CD) $26 GoltClassicfCompubar (Angles) (C Dl$26 JarGames/Chaos (Ages 6-10) (CD). , ,$26 Gulp and Arrow Graphics (7-12) (C. D| .$26 Batlling 6ugs(Concen1ra1ion{C, D) . . .$26 Addition With Carrying . . .(C)$13, (Dl$19 Cash Register (C)$13.(D1$19 Number Series (C)S13, (D)$19 Quantitative Comparisons (C) $15, (Dl $19 Sky Rescue (C)$16, (D)$19 Sig Main Attack (C) $17,(D)$22 Math Facts Level II Grade 1-3 (C)$13,(D)$15 Com'putatJon/ Concentration (C) $13,(0} $15 Ship's Ahoy (D| $20 The Market Place (D) $26 ATARI TM Reading and Language Arts Letterman (C, D| $19 My First Alphabet (D| $26 Wordmaker(C, D) $19 Spelling Genie (C,D) $19 Word Search Generalor(D) $19 Compuread (C) $17, (D) $23 Astroquoles ic)$13,(D)$19 Memory Builder( Concentration (C)$13,(D)$19 Let's Spell (C) $13 Spelling Builder (C)$16, (D| $20 Do-lt-Yourselt Spelling (C] $16 S.A.T. College Board Prep.(C) $89 Story Builder/ Word Master (C)$13, (D)$19 What's Oilleranl (C)$13, (D)$19 Analogies (C)$13, (D)$19 Prefixes (D) $26 Vocabulary Builder 1 {C)$13,(D)$19 Vocabulary Builder 2 (C)$13, (0)$19 Mini-Crosswords (C)$13,(D)$19 Word Scramble Grades 1.4(C) $13 Fishing For Homonyms (C) $13 Hidden Words 4 Levels (C) $16 Snooper Troops *1 (D) $32 Snooper Troops #2 (D) $32 Story Mac hine(D) $23 Word Race (D) $17 Claim to Fame/Sporls Derby $15 Crossword Magic (D) $34 Alphabet Arcade (C)$15,(D)$19 Funbunct>(D) Elem $25 Intermediate * $25 High School (SAT) $25 Time Bomb (C)$13, (D) $19 Snake-0-Nyms $25 Skywriter SPoe'r Spell $25 *** BOOKS *** KIDS AND THE ATARI $18 KIDS AND THE VIC $18 PROGRAMMERS REF. GUIDE(VIC) $14 ELEMENTARY COMMODORE $14 COMPUTERS FOR PEOPLE $ 8 GAMES FOR THE ATARI $ & DE RE ATARI $19 ADVENTURE HINT BOOKS $ 8 6502 ASSEM. LG. PROG $16 SOME COMMON BASIC BASIC PROGRAMS $14 YOUR ATARI COMPUTER $16 ATARI ASSEMBLER — INMAN $12 ATARt GAMES AND RECREATION $14 ATARI PILOT FOR BEGINNERS $12 VISICALC BOOK — ATARI EDITION $14 ATARI BASIC — H. L. ALBRECHT $ 8 Computer Outlet Park Place — Upper Level 1095 E. Twain — (702) 796-0296 Las Vegas, Call Toll Free 800-634-6766 Order Line On We accept Major Crecdit Cards Mon.-Fri. 8 A.M. -6 P. M. E connmodore Pre-School The Sky Is Falling (CT) $23 Mole Attack (CT) $23 Home Babysitter $23 Math Sky Math (C) $12 Space Division $12 Bingo Speed Math (CT) $23 Number Crunch (CT) $27 Number Chaser S17 Number Gulps r $17 Music Rhymei Pitch $26 Player Piano (C,D) $19 Keyboard Organ (CD) $19 Musical Computer— Music Tutor (D). .$13 Music 1— Terms and Notation (D) . . . .$26 Advanced Music System (D) $25 Music Composer (CT) $25 Jerry While's Music Lessons (CI $20 Magic Melody BoK $14 Telling Time Hickory Dickory(C,D) $13 Social Studies and Geography Earth Science (D) $26 Flags of Europe (D| $19 Presidents ot the U.S. (CD) $13 Astro Word Search (C| $13.(0) $19 States and Capitals (C) $12 European Countries & Capitals (CJ . . ,$12 Computer Slocks and Bonds (C)$12,(D)$15 Elementary Biology (D) $26 Frogm3Ster(D) S'S Slarware(D) S'9 Mapware (D| S19 British Heritage Jigsaw Puzzles *22 European Scene Jigsai* Puzzles (C) . .$22 Geography (D) $26 Programming Techniques Pilot (Cons, or Educator) . .{C) $59. (D| $99 Invitation to Prog. #2 (C) $22 Invitation to Prog. *3(C) $22 Tricky Tulorials— Santa Cru2 TT#1 Display Lists (C,D| $17 TT#2Hori3;Vert. Scrollmg(CD) . ..$17 TT #3 Page Flipping (CO) $17 TT #4 Basics ot Animation (C. D) , - . $17 TT #6 Player Missile Graptiics (CD) $24 TTtte Sound and Music (CD) $17 TT#7D0SUlilities(D) $24 Page 6 S20 The Next Step $27 Typing Master Type (D) . -- $27 Touch Typing (C) $19 Type Attack (CO) $26 Foreign Languages Atari Conversational Languages Frencti, Spanish, German, Italian (C) $45 Astro Word Search (Specify Spanish or French) (C)S13,(D)$19 Music VICMusicComposerCCT) $29 HESSynthesound(CT] $49 Language Arts Super Hangman (C) $14 Simon/Hess (C) $13 Concenlration(C) $13 Home Babysilting $23 Social Studies/Science Visible Solar System $23 Reaganomics(CT) , $27 Programming Techniques Intro to Basic Prog. I $22 Intro to Basic Prog. II $22 Programmers aid Cart $45 Turtle Graphics/Hess (CT) $29 Nevada 89109 ly APPLE SPECIALS Business & Utilities Screenwriter M $ 32 Visicalc3 3 $165 Visischeduie S199 VisilrendiVisiBiot $199 The Wora Handler $129 Magic Winaow II , j 95 Magic Mailer $45 Magic Words $45 Real Esiate Analyzer II si 19 Supercalc $165 PFS; Report (New) J 59 PFS $ 79 PFS Graph S 79 The General Manager S 97 D,B Master $145 Pascal Programmer ... J 89 Pie Writer J 96 Wordstar , $299 Datafai $129 Datalink $ 66 The Home AccounlaiM $ 48 Payroll Wanagei S199 Pie Wriler/Multi 80 column $ 95 Pro Easywriter'Maii Combo $209 Executive Briefing System S139 The Sensible Speller i 79 Mail Merge $159 Wordslar iFrenchl $299 Wordstar (Spanistll $299 Spellstar $iig Calcstai . ..t.. $119 First Class Mail $49 E Z Ledger $ d5 Tai Manager $ 99 The Dictionary $65 Versawriier Pak 1 .....,,,,, s 2J Versawriier Pak2 in Personal Investor S 95 General Ledger $239 Accounts ReceivatJie S239 Accounts Payable ..$239 Executive Secrelary ... 1159 Executive Speller $ 55 The Word Handler S 1 29 TASC Compiler $119 Basic Compilei $ 65 Link Video Apple II $105 Lrnk Video Apple III $139 LISA 2 5 S 55 Bag at Tricks . $27 ALDS $89 SAM $ 85 Super Disk Copy III S 20 Tne Artist $ 65 3-DSuper9rapnic5 $27 Program Line Editor J 27 Education Planetary Guide^Synergistic . .$ 23 Star Gazers Guide/Synergistic. ..$ 22 Astro QuolesfPDI $17 Juggles Rainbow/Learntng Co ..$30 Bumble Games'Learnrng Co 3 39 Bumble Plot/Learning Co $39 Gertrudes Secrets/Learning Co. % 49 Gertrudes Puziies^Learning Co ..$49 Rocky's Boots/Learning Co . ..$ 49 Snooper Troops #1/Spinnaker ,,$30 Snooper Troops »2/Spinnaker % 30 De^ta Drawing/Spinnaker $45 Story Maker/Spinnaker $26 Face Maker/Spinnaker .. $26 Rhymes & Riddles/Spinnaker . . $ 20 CompuRead/Eduware S 23 Spelling Beew/Reading Primer S 27 Algebra l/Eduware $ 34 Fraci rons/Eduware $ 34 Decirriais'Eduware . $ 34 Master Type/Lighiing SoHware i 27 Type Attack/Sirius .,..,$ 2? WotOrace/Doh't Ask $ 17 Dueling Diglts/Broderbund S 20 SAT Word Attack/Harcourt Brace ,..$34 New Step by StepfPDI S 59 Sticky Bear Numbers/Xerox % 30 Sticky Bear ABC/XeroK $ 30 Sticky Bear Bop J 30 Whole Brain Spelling/Sublogic % 23 Ironsides $ 30 Crossword Magic/ L&SCompi'terware ,$ 36 Globe MasietiVersa $ 27 Anatomy I/Versa S 27 Solar System/Versa $ 27 FRIENDLY SERVICE • »!• IE VIC 20 NEW Creative Software Black Hole (CTl $36 Trashman (CT) $36 Astroblitz(CT) S36 CityBomber&Minefietd (CT) S20 Apple Panic (CT) $36 Choplilter(CTl $36 Serpentine (CT) $36 Videomania(CT) $36 Terraguard (CT| $36 Thorn EMI River Rescue (CT) $29 VIC Music Composer (CT) $29 Muiani Heid(CT) $29 Automated Simulations Rescue at Rigel (C) $20 Ricochet (C) . . . , $15 Monster Maze (CTl $27 Sword at Fargoal $27 Spectravision Cave In (CT) $27 Number Cfuncti (CTl $27 Rea9anomic5(CT) $27 Tronix Galactic Blitz (C) $17 SwarrrHC) $20 Sidewinder (C) $20 HES Software VIC Forth (CT) $46 HES Won (CTl $29 Turtle Graphics (CT) .$29 HESWriter(CT| $29 Aggressor (CT) $29 Shamus(CT) $29 Protector (CT) $33 Synthesound (Mjsic Synthesizer) (CT) $49 Skier (C) si 5 Maieof Mlkor(C) $15 Tank Wars (CI $15 Victrek(Cl $15 PinbalKC) $13 Simon (C) $13 Fuel Pirates (C) $13 Pak Bomber (C) $13 Laser Blitz (C) $15 Tank Trap (C) $15 Concentration (C) , .$13 Dam Bomber (Cl $13 K>H %[PUTER OUTLfl. *** SPECIALS OF THE MONTH *** SLAGH 24K MEMORY BOARD — VIC 20 S145 VERBATIM DISKS {BOX) S 27 HAYES SMARTMODEM 1200 S499 WICO TRACKBALL $ 49 WICO JOYSTICK S 23 WICO JOYSTICK DELUXE $ 26 WICO FAIVIOUS RED BALL JOYSTICK $24 CARDCO 6 SLOT EXPANSION MOTHER BOARD $ 79 CARDCO 3 SLOT EXPANSION MOTHER BOARD $ 39 CARORITER LIGHT PEN (VIC 20) $ 29 USI AMBER MONITOR (12") $169 KIDS ANDTHE VIC(BOOK) S 18 KIDS AND THE ATARI (BOOK) $ 18 IN-HOME'S ATARi 400 KEYBOARD S 99 Computer Outlet CallToll 800-634-6766 °"gnly™ Information & Order Inquiries (702) 369-5523 ORDEHmG INFORMATION AND TERMS: For Fast Delivery send cashier cfiecks. money orders or direct tank wire trans- lers Personal ar\a company cfieclfs allovt 3 weeks to clear. CO.D orders ($3.00 minimumj anii i°/u ot all orders over $300. School purchase orders welcomed. Prices reflect a cash discount only and are subject to change. Please enclose your phone number with any orders. Shippmg — Sollnaie IS2.50 minimum). Shipping — Hard- ware {please call). Foreign orders. APO & FPO orders — S10 mtnimum and TS^/a of all orders over $tO0. Nevada residents add b'h % sales lax. All goods are new and include factory warranty. Due to our low prices, all sales are final. All returns must have a return authorization number Call 702-369-5523 to obtain one before reluming goods lor replacement. All relumed merchandise is subject to a restocking lee and must come with their original packaging in order to be accepted. WO returns permitted alter 21 days Irom shipping date. QjL, commociore VIC 20 $139 VIC 1530 Datasette $ 59 VIC 1541 Disk Drive $329 VIC 1525 Graphics Printer J329 VIC t2103K Memory Expander $ 34 V(C 11 to BK Memory Expander $ 52 VIC Tilt 16K Memory Expander S 89 VIC toil RS 232 Terminal Interlace. .$ 43 VIC 121 1 Super Expandef $ 59 VIC 1212 Programmers Aid Cartrid9e$ 45 VIC 1213 Vicmon Machine Language Monitor . . .S 45 VL 102 Introduction to Basic Pfopramming ; $ 21 VT 106A Recreation Pack $ 45 VT 107 A Home Calculation Pack , , .$ 45 VT 164 Programmable Character Set $ 12 VIC 1600 Vicmodem $ 89 VIC 1311 Joystick $ e VIC 1312 Game Paddles $ 16 VM Programmers Reference Guide. .$ 14 VIC Software Avenger $ 23 Suporsloi $ 23 Super Alien $ 23 Jupiter Lander $ 23 Draw Poker $ 23 Midnigtit Drive , $ 23 RadarRatRace $ 23 Raid Oh Fort Knox $ 23 Sargon II Ctiess $ 29 Super Smasti . $23 Cosmic Cruncher ...,,, $ 23 Gorf J 29 OmegaRace $ 29 Money Wars $ 23 Menagerie $ 23 Cosmic Jailbreak j 23 Clowns J 23 Garden Wars , $ 23 Sea Wolf ....,..$ 23 Adventureland , $ 29 Pirate Cove $ 29 Mission Impossible $ 29 The Count $ 29 Voodoo Castle $ 29 The Sky is Falling $ 23 Mole Attack , . $ 23 Bingo Speed Math $ 23 Home Babysitter $ 23 Visible Solar System $ 23 Personal Finance $ 29 Quick Brown Fok $ 65 United Microware Spiders Ql Mars (CT| $ 34 Meteor Run (CT) $ 34 AmokfCl $ t7 Alien Blitz (C) $ 17 Skymatn(Cl $ 12 Space Division (C) $ 12 Super Hangman (C) $ 14 The Alien (C) s 17 3DMaze(C) $ 12 Kosmic Kamikaze(C) S 17 SubChase(C) $ 17 Amok{CT) $ 27 Renaissance (CT) $ 34 Alien Blitz (CT) $ 27 Cloud Burst (CT) $ 27 Satellites and Meteorites (CT) $ 34 Outworld(CT) I 34 Wordoraft $270 The Computer Outlet is an associate of The Computer ^' Learning Center For Chil- dren We are experts In educational technology and can custom- ize educational software curnculums lor school districts, individual schools, or for :he child at home. Please contact us about your software and equipment re- quirements and feel free to stop by our school in Las Vegas IVe have one ot the world's largest educational software inventories featur- ing our own Computer Learning Center soltware. Ten Little Robots (ATARI) $12.95 Preschool Math (ATARI) $19.95 Jf^ ATARI HEW LOWER PRICES TOP SELLERS 1200 XL . Call 800 48K .$489 400 16K .$209 410 Recorder - S 72 810 Disk Onve S419 B25 Primer $569 830 Modem S145 850 Inierface 5159 481 Enterlatner , . , , 5 64 482 Educator $110 483 Programmer S 52 484 CommunrcalOf 1289 863 16K Bam $74 Th!! Booklieeper Kit $165 ATARI Software CX4104 Mailing Lisl S 19 CX404 Word Processor $102 CXL4007 Music Composer $42 Programming 2&3 S 22 Conversalional Languages S 42 CX40iePilol $55 CX405Prlol $92 CXL4D03 Assembler Edilor . . .,$42 CXB126 Microsoft Basic I 62 CXL4022PacMan $30 CXBISOCavejnsotMafs $28 CXL4020Ci?nlipei1o $30 CXL4006SuperBreal<tut, $26 CXL4008 Space Invaders .$ 26 CXL4009CompulerCliesS S 26 CXL4011 Slar Raiders S 30 CXL40i2MissileGommand $ 26 CXL4013 Asteroids S 26 The Bookkeeper S102 Home Filing Manager $ 36 Atari Speed Readrng , .$ 54 My FirsI Alphabet $ 26 Juggles House(D.C) I 22 Juggles Rainbow |D. C| -$ 22 Home Manager Kit S 55 Family Finance $ 36 Time Wise - S 23 Galaician $ 30 Delender S 30 Qu S 30 DigDog S 30 FT Home Phone 5 S-l Atari Writer $ 55 Business & Utilities Visicalc .$169 Mail Merge . $ 20 Data Perfect $ 75 Letter Perfect S105 Tex! Wizard S 65 Dalasm65 2 S 59 File Manager 800 + S 66 Syn Assembler S 34 Page6 S 20 Alan World S 39 KDos S 59 Micropainter . . S 23 Color Print $27 Lisp Interpreter -$ 79 Bishops Square ....,...$ 20 Grapliic Master $27 Graphic Generator , S 17 Basic Compiler I 65 Computan's Financial Wizard $ 45 Color Accountant $ 65 Datalmk S 27 Filelt2System S 34 Dishetie IriverMory System S 17 P.M. P. Properly Management $179 Programming Techniques Temple ot Apsfiai . , S Raster Blaster $ Apple Panic $ Crossfire ■ ■ $ Threshold S Mousekatlack S Krazy Shootout .$ Deadline $ Tumble Bugs $ Pool 1.6 $ Ricocfie! . S Empire of the Overmind $ WizS Princess $ Mission Asleroid $ All BabaS the Forty Thieves $ The Sfiatteted Alliance $ Canyon Climber $ Shooting Arcade ." $ Pacilic Coast Highway $ Clowns & Balloons S Preppie . . . .■ $ RearGuard $ Lunar Lander $ War S Star Warrior $ Dragon's Eye $ Atari 27 Crush. Crumbles Chomp $20 20 Jawbreaker $20 20 2otkl $27 20 Zorkll $27 27 Soltpof n Adventure $ 20 23 Deluxe Invaders. $ 23 34 Chicken $ 23 34 Naulilus $ 23 20 Rescue at Rigel $ 20 23 Frogger S 23 15 Choplifler $ 23 23 Curse of Ra $ 15 22 Ghost Encounters $ 20 17 Ulysses and The Golden Fleece $ 23 22 Battle of Shiloti $27 27 Tigers in the Snow $27 20 Track Attack $ 20 20 Shamus $ 23 20 Picknick Paranoia . S 23 20 Claim Jumper .. $23 20 Embargo $ 34 17 Firebird.. $ 34 17 Cyclod $ 20 17 Spare Eggs $20 27 Sneakers I 20 20 Snake Byle $ 20 NEW ATARI Display Lists I 17 Horiz/Verl Scroll $ 17 Page Flipping $ 17 Basics of Animation $ 17 Player Missile Graphics $ 24 Sound . . $ 17 Data Files $ 24 *** SPECIALS OF THE MONTH *** ELEPHANT DISKS(BOX) $20 HAYES SMARTMODEM $209 MOSAIC 32K RAM $89 RAMDISK (126K) $399 AMDEK COLOR I MONITOR $309 PERCOM DOUBLE DENSITY DRIVE $515 NEC 8023A PRINTER $459 BASIC A + (OSA + INCLUDED) $ 59 FLIP N' SORT DISKETTE BOX $ 21 (Holds 50 Diskettes) FLIP-SORT CARTRIDGE BOX $ 21 (Holds 10 Atari Computer Cartridges) MOSAIC 64K RAM $149 80 COLUMN BOARD (ATARI) $279 ALL APX SOFTWARE $15% TO 20% OFF PERCOM SINGLE DENSITY DRIVE $409 Computer Outlet Park Place — Upper Level 1095 E. Twain — (702) 796-0296 Las Vegas. Nevada 89109 ^^p';j°" 800-634-6766 ^^'j^";,";"^ Information Order Inquiries (702) 369-5523 We accept Major Credit Cards Mon.-Fri. 8 A.M.-6 R M. Sat. 9 A.M.-5 P.M. Dealer Inquiries Invited King Arthur's Heir(D} S 20 Escape from Vuncan's Isle (D> ...... $ 20 Crypt otlheUndeadlDl S 20 The Nightmare (D| S 20 Danger in DfindistilD.C) S 15 Armor Assault (D) $ 27 Monster Maze (CT) $ 27 Alien Garden (CT| $ 27 Plaltermania (CT] $ 2? David's Midnight Magic (D) S 23 Star Blazer (Dl , , $ 22 Stellar Shuttle (D,C) $ 20 Genetic Drift (D.C) £ 20 Labyrinth (D. C) $ 20 Serpintine (0) $ 23 Sea FoijD) $ 20 Spell Wizard (0) S 53 Sands of Egyp1(D| S 27 Pool 400 (CTI $27 Speedway Blast (CT) S 27 K razyKrittersfCT) $ 34 K-Star Patrol (CT) * 34 K.RazyAniiksfCT) $ 34 Crossword Magic |D| $ 34 Master Type $ 27 Gor( |D($27.(CT)S 30 WizardofWor (D)&17.(CT}S 30 Cybor9(D| S 23 Gold Rush (D| S 23 Bandits{0) S 23 Way Out (Dl S 27 Fast Eddy (CT) $ 24 World War I (CT) S 24 Beanie BoppBr(CT) $ 24 The Cosmic Balance (D) S 27 Miner 2049er (CTI $ 34 Attack at EP-CYG.4 (0) $22, |C) S 20 Chess (D) - $ 45 Checkers ID) S 34 Odin(Dl S 34 Snooper Troops 111 (D) S 30 Snooper Troops #2 (D) $ 30 Story Machine (Dl S 23 Face Maker (D) S 23 Haunted Hill (D)$20. (C)S 17 Trivia Trek (Dl S 20 Dalalink (D) $27 Space Shuttle (D). S 20 Jerry Wtiite'sMustc Lessons (O.Cl . .$ 20 SwiftyTach Master |0)$20.(C]$ 17 Apocalypse ID. C) S 23 naptillidn(D. C) S 23 KidGricl(D. Cj $ 20 Aliencounler(FaceFlashKD.C) ...S 26 The JarGame/Chaoe(D, C) S 26 Gulp/Arrow Graphics (D.C) S 26 Golf Classic/Compubar $ 26 FfenzyfPlip Flop[D,C) S 26 Battling Bugs/Concentration (D,C). S 26 Submarine Commander (CT) S 34 Jumt3o Jet Pilot (CT) S 34 Soccer (CTI $ 34 Kickback (CT) S 34 Darts (C) i 22 PoollC) $ 22 Dominoes and Cribbage(C) $ 22 Pig Pen (D) S 20 Starcross (O) $ 27 Zorh lll(D) $27 Journey to the Planets (D, C| $ 20 Moon Shuttle (D) $ 27 Moon Patrol (CI $ 17 NormandiB (D. C) . . , $ 27 Zaxxon 10. CI $ 27 JugglerlD) , $20 Survival of the Fittest $ 27 Baseball (D)S23.(C|$ 20 Sentinel I (D)S23. (Cl$ 20 The Guardian of Gorm . . .(0)S23.(C)$ 20 Miner 2049ef (CTI $34 Jeepers Creepers (DJ $ 20 Snapper (D) S 20 Twerps (D) S 23 FlipOul(D) S 20 The Birth of the Ptioenix $16 Protector tl (D)S23.(C($ 29 How To Type COMPUTERS Programs Marty of the programs which are listed in COMPUTE! contain special control characters (cursor control, color keys. Inverse video, etc.). To mal<e il easy to tell exactly what to type when entering one of these programs into your computer, we have established the following listing conventions. There is a separate key for each computer. Refer to the appropriate table.s when you come across an unusual symbol in a program listing. If you are unsure how to actually enter a control character, consult your computer's manuals. Atari 400/800 Characters in inverse video will appear like: miEBCKiiKiXicetia: Enter these characters with the Atari logo key, (A! . Mhwi you see Typa See (CLEAR] ESC SHIFT < n Clvar Screen {UP} ESC CTRL - ■t Curmor Op {DOWN) fir CTRL - * Cursor Dohh CLEFT} ESC CTRL + *■ Cursor Le-ft CRIGHTJ ESC CTRL « .»■ Cursor Right {BACK SJ ESC DELETE 4 BAckdpace {DELeTE> ESC CTRL DELETE a Delate character {INSERT} ESC CTRL INSERT u Insert character CDEL LINE} ESC SHIFT DELETE □ Delete line {INS LINE} ESC SHIFT INSERT a Insert line {TAB} ESC TAB > TAB key {CLft TftB> ESC CTRL TAB Q Clear tab {SET TAB} ESC SHIFT TAB EI Set tab stop {BELL} ESC CTRL 2 S3 Ring buzzer {ESC} ESC ESC « Escape key Graphics characters, such as CTRL-T, the ball chariicter • will appear as the "normal" letter enclosed in braces, e.g. (T . A series of identical control characters, such as 10 spaces, three cursor-lefts, or 20 CTRL-R's, will appear as (10 SPACES), (3 LEFT), 1 20 Ri, etc. If the character in braces is in inverse video, that character or characters should be en- tered with the Atari logo key. For example, ( n I means to enter a reverse-i'ield heart with CTRL-comma, t 5mll means to enter five inverse-video CTRL-U's. Commodore PET/CBM/VIC Generally, any PET/CBM.A'IC program listings will contain bracketed words \vhich spell out any special characters: (DOWN ! would mean to press the cursor-down key; 1 3DOWN ) would mean to press the cursor-down key three times. To indicate that a key should be sliifted (hold down the SHIFT key while pressing the other key), the key would be underlined in our listing. For example, S would mean to type the S key while holding the shift key, This would result in the "heart" graphics symbol appearing on your screen. Some graphics characters are inaccessible from the keyboard on CBM Business models (32N, 8032). Sometimes in a program listing, especially within cjuoted text when a line runs over Into the next line, it is difficult to tell where the first line ends. How many times should you type the SPACE bar? In our convention, when a line breaks in this way, the - symbol shows exactly where it broke. For example: 100 PRINT "TO START THE GAME " YOU MAY HIT ANY OF THE KEYS ON YOUR KEYBOARD." shows that the program's author intended for you to type two spaces after the word CAME. All Commodore Machines Clear Screen (CLEAR) Home Cursor { HOME) CursorUp {UP} Cursor Down (dOWNI Cursor Right {RIGHT} 148 COMPUTC! June 1983 Cursor Left {LEFT} Insert Character {INST} Delete Character {DEL} Reverse Field On {rvS) Reverse Field Off {OFF} Function Two tF2} Function Three (F3} Function Four {F4) Function Five {F5} FunclionSix {F6} Function Seven {F7} Function Eight tF8} Any Non-implcme nted Function {NIMJ VIC/CBM 64 Conventions Set Color To tJlack [BLK] Set Color To While IWHT] Set Color To Red {RED} Set Color To Cyan (CVN) SetColorToPurpIe (PUR} Set Color To Green {GRN} SetColorToBIue (BLU) Set Color To Yellow { YEL} Function One {PI} To enter any color code, hold down CTRL and press the appropriate color key. Use CTRL-9 for RVS on and CTRL-0 for RVS off. 8032/Fat 40 Conventions SetVVindowTop (SET TOP) Erase To Beginning { ERASE BEG} Set Window Bottom { SET BOT} Erase To End (ERASE END} Scroti Up {SCR UP) ToggleTab (TGL TAB) Scroll Down ( SCR DOWN) Tab {TAB} Insert Line (INST LINE} Escape Key (ESC) Delete Line {DEL LINE) When you see an underiined character in a I'ET/CBM/VIC program listing, you need to hold down SHIFT as you enter it. Since the VIC-20 and Commodore 64 have fewer keys than the PET/CBM, some graphics are grouped with other keys and have to be entered by holding down the Commodore key. If you see any of the symbols in tlie left column under- lined in a listing, hold down the Commodore key and enter the symbol in (he right column, just use SHIFT to enter all other underiined characters. # % & \ r 7 ( ) K I T @ G M + F B £ SHIFT-£ f + PI s z X c V D P N Q A 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 (d I ] E R W H I L Y U I SHIFT* SHIFT + SHIFT - Apple II /Apple II Plus All programs are in Applesoft BASIC, unless otherwise stated. Control characters are printed as (he "normal" char- acter enclosed in brackets, such as 1 D) forCTRL-D. Hold down CTRL while pressing the control key. You will not see the special character on the screen. TRS-80 Color Computer No special characters are used, other than lowercase. When you see letters printed in inverse video (white on black), press SHIFT-0 to enter the characters, and then press SHIFT-0 again to return to normal uppercase typing. Texas Instruments 99/4 No special control characters are used. Enteral} programs with the ALPHA lock on (in the down position). Release the ALPHA lock to enter lowercase text. TImex TS-1000, Sinclair ZX-81 Study your computer manual carefully to see how to enter programs. Do not type in the letters for each command, since your machine features single-keystroke entiy of BASIC commands. You may want to switch to the FAST mode (where the screen blanks) while entering progranrs, since there will be less delay between lines. (If the blanking screen bothers you, switch to the SLOW mode.) VIC-20 Users: You're Not Alone Anymore! Now you can get a full range of support services from our International VIC-20 Users Group, including a free newsletter, special sale prices on software and hardware, and inexpensive rentals of all VIC-20 cartridge-based programs. Look at these sample prices. List Sale COMMODORE Programmer's Aid VIC Mon VIC Avenger Super Alien Radar Rat Race GORF Raid on Fort Knox Omega Race Sargon II Chess 59.95 59.95 29.95 29.95 29.95 39.95 29.95 39.95 39.95 Scott Adams Adventures 39.95 HES HES Writer VIC Forth HES Mon Turtle Graphics Aggressor Gridrunner 39,95 59.95 39.95 39.95 39.95 39.95 47.96 47.96 23.96 23.96 23.96 31.96 23.96 31.96 31.96 31.96 31.96 47.96 31,96 31.96 31.96 31.96 Rental (One Month) 6.00 6,00 3.0D 3.00 3.00 4.00 3.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 6.00 4,00 4.00 4.00 4.00 THORN EMI River Rescue VIC Music Composer CREATIVE 39.95 39.95 31.96 31,96 4.00 4.00 Choplifter 39.95 _ 39.95 31.96 31.96 4.00 4.00 Serpentine Astroblitz 39.95 39.95 31,96 31.96 4.00 4.00 Apple Panic Black Hole 39.95 39.95 31.96 31.96 4,00 4.00 Videomania Terraguard UMI 39.95 39.95 31.96 31.96 4.00 4.00 !^§piders of Mars Meteor Run 49.95 49.95 39.96 39.96 5.00 5.00 Renaissance Skibbereen 49.95 39.95 39.96 31,96 5.00 4.00 Outworld Video Vermin ^^^ 39.95 ^ 39.95 31.96 31.96 4.00 4.00 Amok Cloudburst 39.95 39.95 31.96 31.96 4.00 4.00 Sats and Mets Alien Blitz 49.95 39.95 39.96 31.96 5.00 4.00 Membership fee only $15 to join, plus S10 per year dues (total of $25 first year). Call or write for more detailed information. 1964 OAK RIDGE TURNPIKE OAK RIDGE, TN 37830 615-482-9592 VISA AND MASTERCARD ACCEPTED V y Look i«iiat I've got for you a*39** Light Pen for COMMODORE VIC 20 COMMODORE VIC 64 • ATARI 400/800 • APPLE II Now you can make your computer come alive and free yourself of many keyboard strokes. Touch my light pen to your TV screen and dravif or paint multicolored pictures or pick from a menu. It's that easy! My LP-10 low cost, no switch light pen is active at all times. My LP-15 high resolution, high speed ligh! pen has a push switch to activate the signal. It is supersensitive and can control the cursor 6 inches from the screen, LP-1 . . . S39.95 LP-1 5 ... $11 9.95 Interface card required for Apple II with LP-10&LP-15...S99,95 All Ught Pens are sold complete with Demo Cassettes & Instructions. TECH-SKETCH INC Tech-Skelch Inc. is a subsidiary ol Ampawer Instrument Company, Inc. 26 Just Road • Fairfield, N,J. 07006 Dealers and Distributor inquiries invited. Commodore , Atari, Apple are Reg.Tm's Please print clearly TECH-SKETCH INC, 26 Just Road, Fairfield, N.J. 07006 Please send me D LP-10 Ligtil Pens @ S39.95 n LP-1 5 Light Pens @ S11 9.95 D Apple II Interface Cards @ S99.95 Enclosed my check for $ (allow 3 weeks) Bill my D VISA D Master Card Number. Expires / / RlgnaJiirp Name Adrires.<! City Riaie^ 7ip 30 day money back guarantee C-6 FRIENDS OF THE TURTLE David D, Thornburg. Associate Editor HES Turtle Graphics II I visited with the people from HES at their booth at the Las Vegas Consumer Electronics Show this January. At that time I was given a glimpse of Turtle Graphics II, a graphics language they developed for the Commodore 64. I was pleased by what I saw, and even more pleased when a preliminary copy of the language was sent for me to review. HES Turtle Graphics II supports two kinds of display screens - the LORES, or text, screen, and the HIRES, or 320 x 200 pixel, color graphics screen. Furthermore, this language also supports the Commodore 64 sprite graphics. , '' The software package contains: 1. A program editor 2. A sprite shape editor 3. An I/O handler for disk, tape or printer, and 4. A trace mode While Turtle Graphics 11 does not have a mode for the immediate execution of commands, the program editor is so easy to use that this is not a great drawback. Syntactically, Turtle Graphics II is a cross between Atari PILOT and the turtle graphics por- tion of TI Logo. To illustrate this, 1 have created the listings below in Turtle Graphics II, Atari PILOT, and TI Logo. The listing is for a procedure that generates a squiral pattern similar to that used in the Friends of the Turtle emblem. To make the listings easier to compare, I have numbered all the lines and made sure that similar lines have similar numbers. Before analyzing the Turtle Graphics II svntax in detail, you should compare the three listings. You can see that the HES language is intermediate between TI Logo and Atari PILOT. When you examine the syntax chosen for the HES sprite graphics, the relation to TI Logo is even more evident (for example, to start or stop sprite move- ment, you type FREEZE or THAW). This is not to suggest that HES Turtle Graphics II is in any way a replacement for Logo. Logo has many features that just aren't available on other languages. But, if you want to explore turtle graphics on the Commodore 64, this language is a fine starting point. HES Turtle Graphics II Atari PILOT TI Logo 1 LABEL SQUIRAL 1 *SQUIRAL 1 TO SQUIRAL 2 HIRES 2 GR: CLEAR 2 TELL TURTLE CLEARSCREEN 3 PEN UP 3 GR:PENUP 3 PEN UP 4 MOVE TO 100-160 4 GR: GOTO 0,0 4 SXYOO 5 SETHEADING TO 90 5 GR:TURNTO0 5 SETHEADING 6 PEN DOWN 6 GR: PEN YELLOW 6 PEN DOWN 7 CALCULATE Y = 7 C:#Y = 7 MAKE"YO 8 LABEL ADD 2 8 »ADD2 8 ADD2: 9 CALCULATE Y = Y + 2 9 C:#Y = #Y-l-2 9 MAKE"Y:Y +2 10 FORWARD Y 10 GR: DRAW #Y 10 FORWARD :Y 11 ROTATE RIGHT 89 11 GR: TURN 89 11 RIGHT 89 12 TEST IF (Y>180) 12 12 TEST Y > 180 13 IF FALSE JUMP ADD 2 13 J (#Y<181): »ADD2 13 IFFGO"ADD2 14 ROUTINE END 14 E: 14 END 150 COMPUTI! June 1983 Nonstandard Features Before leaving the listings, there are a few non- standard "features" that need to be mentioned. First, the HES turtle does not start in the middle of the screen; it starts in the upper left corner. .Also, the MOVE TO command accepts the Y-axis (measured from at the top) first, followed by the X-axis. I know of no other language that accepts coordinates in this sequence. Two other nonstandard turtle characteristics involve the SETHEADING TO command. A head- ing of degrees faces the turtle to the right (instead of straight up), and turning angles for this com- mand increase in a counterclockwise (instead of clockwise) direction. The starting angle and start- ing position for the turtle make sense if you recall that the original turtle graphics package from these people used only the text display. None of these characteristics is a show- stopper - as long as each is understood from the beginning. There are many features of HES Turtle Graphics II that I find delightful. The sprite editor lets you easily create shapes, change their color and magnification, and save them on tape or disk for later use. The sprite editor contains eight pre- defined shapes that can be changed to anything you wish. The shapes provided include a boat, rocket, truck, ball, space shuttle, house, man. 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Sprites can be made to wrap around the screen if so desired (this causes them to appear at the opposite edge of the screen if they are moved off one end). You can also set the speed and visi- bility of any sprite, and can even control a sprite's position directly with a joystick. The program editor lets you enter two-letter abbreviations for all commands (for example, you can enter IT instead of IF TRUE JUMP). And yet, when the program is listed, all abbreviated words are fully expanded to their English counterparts. While I am primarily interested in the high resolution graphics turtle, the low resolution (character-based) turtle graphics has some inter- esting features. One of the more powerful is the CHECK FOR command that looks for the existence of a chosen character directly ahead of the turtle. This command allows Turtle Graphics II users to create maze-solving programs. Turtle Graphics II is a language worth con- sidering if you are interested in turtle graphics, but don't need the rest of the power found in Logo. Next Time In the last few weeks, several people have asked me for a side-by-side comparison of PILOT and Logo. The result of such a comparison includes some surprises, as you will see next month. © 1:SO ITS ABCKIT TIME by G. Herzenstiel Can your child read both clocks on the right? Many children will go out of their way to read a digital clock instead of trying to read the standard clock In this program your child can learn to read a standard clock along with a digital clock • Two learning units and a game • Requires 1 joystick Recommended for grades K-2 ATARi cassette, 16K ?20.00 ■ATARI disk 24K 525.00 . BaLLS and CLEOTS \^^rr^ ^ B. Belian ^ .""^A game that tests your logic against the computer. Can ^ you enter the four digits that the computer is thinking of in the correct order? The computer will give you clues after every entry. This '"mastermind" type game is a challenge to young and old alike. • Plays on three different levels • Play with a friend (computer chooses digits) • Play against the computer feature Recommended for ages 9-90 ATARI cassette, 32K $20.00 ATARI disk 32K S25.00 "^ r.n.i -^•O^IaOi P.O. Box 147 Please add: Garden City, Ml 48135 S3.00 shipping/handling (313) 5954722 51.50 C.O.D. charges To Order Calk Write for free catalog of ATARI 1-800-354-0550 ^and APPLE software (VISA. MASTERCARD, CO.D.) THE WORLD INSIDE THE COMPUTER Turning Logo Upside Down Fred D'Ignozio. Associate Editor In mv February 1983 COMPUTE! column I put out a call for new computer lan- guages for kids. I re- lated mv experiences with my own chil- dren (ages three and seven), trying to teach them to pro- gram. Frankly, I admitted that my efforts had failed. Neither child seemed to have the least in- clination to learn how to program. You readers responded to the column in a big way. You told me about your own thoughts about kids and programming, and you passed on news about programming projects and languages that you had learned about. I want to thank you for all this information. I will he printing excerpts from your letters in the coming months. Also, 1 am anxious to hear from even more of you. I be- lieve kids' computer languages are the cutting edge of the revolution in computer learning. They deserve ail the attention and debate we can muster up. Enter Delta Drawing Shortly after 1 wrote my February column, I re- ceived a copy of Spinnaker Software Company's Delta Drawing program for the Apple II Plus, (Ver- sions for other computers are expected soon.) At Fred D'lguazio ifi a coinpiitcr I'titlitisidit and author of sczvrni books on computers for i/oiiii^^ people. His books include Katie and the ComputL'r (Creative Ci^iijuilingl, Chip Mitchell: The Case of the Stolen Computer Brains (DultonlLodestar) , The Star Wars Question and Answer Book About Computers (Random House), andHow To Get Intimate With Your Computer (A 10-Step Plan To Conquer Computer Anxiety) (McGrnw-HHI). As the father of two i/oini^^ chihircii, Fred lias heconie concer)ied with introducing the computer to children as a wonderful tool rather than as a forbiddi}!^; electronic device. His column appears monthly in COMPUTE!. 152 compute: June 1983 first, I thought Delta Drmoiug was just another new "paint" program or simplified "turtle graphics" program. Then I dug further. Now, my family and 1 have spent a dozen hours playing with Deltn Drawing, and I am con- vinced that it is something more. I now believe that it is a first, but significant, step toward a powerful new computer language for kids. I Want To Play Mystery House! This is how my seven-year-old daughter, Catie, and I were first introduced to Delta Drawing: I took the plastic off the Delta Drawing case and handed the disk to Catie. Catie put the disk in the Apple computer's disk drive and booted up the program. We answered a couple of quick questions (did we have a color monitor? <Yes - a must>; did we have a printer? <No>). Then a little upside- down "V" appeared on the center of the screen. Under the V was a blinking dot. Around the edge of the screen was a blue box. The manual calls the upside-down V the "Delta Drawing cursor." But Catie knew better. "That's a turtle," she said. "The blinking dot is her tail." Catie named the turtle DeeDee (for "DO" - Delta Drawing). 1 thought things were going pretty well. That's when Catie got bored. (Catie gets bored easily.) "I'm tired of this game," she said. "But we haven't even started," I replied. "I don't care. I want to play Mysterv House." Mystery House (from On-Line Systems) is one of Catie's favorite adventure games (along with Cranston Mafior, also from On-Line, and Copts and Robbers, from Sirius). Did I respond to Catie's obstinance with tact and gentle persuasion? Of course not. I did what any normal parent would do. I yelled at her. Naturally, she responded by crying and 1 felt guilty. You really botched it, Fred, I thought to myself. ATARI SINGS YOUR FAVORITE SONGS!!! THE Originol VOICE BOX Speech Synthesizer by the ALIEN GROUP has received rave reviews; MICRO COMPUTING-"The VOICE BOX injects an endearing personality to your computer. The possibilities ore enormous." COAAPUTE-"The VOICE BOX offers more human-like tones and does not blank out the screen." CREATIVE COMPUTING-'Tnglish text and phonetic code may be freely intermixed rather than requiring separate modes as isthe case without exception v^ilh every other speech system. A mode colled talking face disploys an animated face with impressive lip sync £ animation." | _ ANTIC-"There is a great potential for teaching children to spell and I an added dimension to games overall. I believe the VOICE BOX is well worth the price tag." ^5 ANALOG-"For ATARI owners who want to odd speech to their ^ programs, the Alien Group VOICE BOX is probably the best ■ choice." ' POPULAR SCIENCE-"The speech quality is excellent. Besides I creating speech, the software has a bit of fun with graphics." I and on the new VOICE BOX 11 ^^^^. TIME MAGAZINE-"Machine of the Year" "The VOICE BOX by the Alien Group enables an ATARI to say aloud anything typed^on its INCORPORATE THE SINGING HUMAN FACE keyboard in any language. It also smgs Amazing Grace and I^^^q YOUR PROGRAMS AND GAMES "When I'm 64" or anything else that anyone wants to teach it. VOICE BOX II Speech & Singing Synthesizer To order by mail send a check or money order to the ALIEN GROUP for $169. Then, try the VOICE BOX II for 10 days, and if it isn't the fine5f value you've ever seen in a computer peripheral, the most challenging and provocative addition you've ever made to your system, return it in its original condition for a full refund. THE ALIEN GROUP 27 West 23rd Street (212) 741-1770 New York, NY 10010 The New VOICE BOX II for ATARI plugs into the serial port of the ATARI 400/800 with sound coming out of the TV/monitor. 48K DISK is re- quired. It has all of the features of the original VOICE BOX plus many exciting new hardware and software features: • The ability to sing with voice and 3 port music. • A library of 30 famous songs. • A comprehensive music system that allows the user to easily enter or modify new songs. • Software that con convert the bottom two rows of the ATARI keyboard into o piano with a range of 3'/2 octaves using the shift and control keys. • Programmable musical sound effects such as tremolo, vibrato, glis- sando and click track. • A singing human face with lip-sync animation designed by Jerry White. • AtalkingorsingingAUEN face with software that allows the user to change the face and 8 mouth patterns as he sees fit. • The ability to speak with inflection and feeling. • Can speak in a foreign language with correct foreign spelling as input. • A talk and spell program by Ron Kramer. Users can program any vocabulary for this spelling game, in fact, this program can even speak in o foreign language like French, where the user must spell the correct word in English, or vice versa. • GREEN GOBLINS-A talking arcade gome by John Wilson. • Random Sentence Generator-An amusing grammar game that helps teach school children to identify ports of speech and recognize o variety of sentence structures. • NUMBER SPEAK-A subroutine by Scott Matthews that converts up to a 9 digit number into normal English pronunciation. Ideal for build- ing your own moth gomes. • STUD POKER-A talking poker gome by Jerry White. ■ The screen never blanks out while tolking or singing. ••Singing or speaking subroutines con be incorporated info your programs, requiring as little as 100 bytes of RAM plus 5 bytes for each word. • Entries into the $5000 talking or singing game contest can be written using the VOICE BOX ll-send for contest information. • Price $169.00 includes VOICE BOX II and all of the above software. • Inquire about our discounts for educationol institutions. ALSO AVAILABLE AT LEADING COMPUTER STORES THROUGHOUT THE WORLD. Atari is o registered trademark of V\fcirner Communications. Catie started banging on the Apple keyboard. All of a sudden, DeeDee came to life and drew a small straight line toward the top of the screen. She made a cute little "blink" or "clink" sound. Catie stopped crying and stared. "Can I make my own pictures?" she asked. Encouraged, I pulled out the "Fast Start" cards that accompany the Delta Drawing manual. Catie and I both avoided the manual. At 80 pages of fairly tiny print, it looked too intimidating, both for daughter and daddy. But the Fast Start cards were different. Each one is made of shiny, plastic-coated, heavy-stock paper. Each one has a picture at the top and a few commands to show you how the picture was made. The cards are two-sided, numbered {with big numbers!) from one to fourteen. One card tells you on one side how to load Delta Drawing, and on the back gives you all of the Delta Drawing commands. I discovered that Catie had pressed the Apple's "D" key and caused DeeDee to draw. Catie and 1 looked at the pictures on the Fast Start cards. We grew excited. It looked like we could get DeeDee to draw all the standard stuff: circles, squares, triangles, and the like. We could also get DeeDee to draw three-dimensional cubes and "paint" the sides; play a game of Tic-Tac-Toe, and draw a colorful scene with an orange house, green grass, a blue sky, and an orange sun. But how? I did the adult thing and turned to card #1 and began trying to decipher the command be- neath the picture. Meanwhile, Catie did the kid thing and began punching buttons. A couple of minutes later, I was still on card #1, but Catie had discovered that the "R" button made DeeDee turn right 30 degrees and the "L" button made her turn left 30 degrees. Catie showed me how she could press the "U" button and make DeeDee do a fancy U turn; and the "M" button to get DeeDee to scoot across the screen with her pen up - that is, she moved without drawing. Catie squealed. "DeeDee didn't obey me," she said. "She went up and I wanted her to go down." We looked at the card with the command summary. We discovered that by pressing the "E" button we could make DeeDee backtrack and erase her last step. I threw the Fast Start cards on the table. From that point on, we began improvising. Occasion- ally, we picked up the cards and borrowed com- mands off them, when we needed to make DeeDee do something we wanted her to do. It sounds really impressive when I say that "Catie and I improvised." Actually, 1 advised Catie what to do, and she ignored me. This seemed to be a very successful strategy to learn Delta Drawing. 154 COMPUTE! June 1983 After a while, 1 gave up and let Catie take the lead. Catie's approach was to do things with com- mands she already knew. For example, the first thing she did was hit the D (Draw) key until DeeDee drew herself off the top of the screen and popped back onto the bottom of the screen. Catie wondered why DeeDee could "tunnel" off the screen, like Ms. Pac Man. Why didn't DeeDee bump her nose on the blue wall at the edge of the screen? We looked at the Fast Start card with the com- mand summary and found that there is a "B" command that makes DeeDee "bounce" instead of tunnel. When we pressed the B key, the wall turned green. To get DeeDee back into tunnelling mode, we had to press a "W" (wraparound) key. Watching Catie at work was like watching a baby learn to speak for the first time - only in fast motion. She was learning a new language, and the moment she learned a new word in the lan- guage, she used it to express herself. In fact, the reason she learned new words was to be able to express herself. She was moti- vated to master the language's vocabulary so she could do what she set out to do. And when she learned each new word, she automatically incor- porated it into all the other words she knew. She was associating each word and developing word sequences - her own personal "grammar" in the new language. Catie's experimental approach was efficient, but it also led us occasionally into dead ends and surprises. For example, Catie got DeeDee to draw a house out of a square and a triangle. She filled the house with purple, by pressing "C" to choose the color, then by holding the CTRL button down and typing "F" (Fill). Then she tried to color the grass green. She pressed "C" and picked green. She typed CTRL-F, and green started washing like a wave across the screen. Then the green went out of control. It slipped through a tiny hole in the line that separated the grass and the sky, and it filled the sky, too. It ended up filling the entire picture, except for the purple house. Catie howled! A Sun Not A Circle One thing that I immediately liked about Delta Drazving was the quick way Catie could make a picture. Also, I liked the precise, geometric way she constructed pictures. I have a problem with "paint" programs that use joysticks because my fine motor skills never passed the "klutz" stage. But, looking at Catie create pictures in Delta Drawing, I had hopes that even I might be able to make something pretty. That is, if Catie would ever give me a turn. Take This Ad To Your Nearest Typewriter Or Computer Dealer! WHEN YOU BUY SUPERCORD^ SuperCord is the only patent approved interface that can turn your electronic typewriter into a letter quality printer for your micro-computer. If your computer is RS 232 C, Centronics Parallel, or IEEE 488, there's a SuperCord for your Adlcr, Royal, Smith Corona, Siluer-Reed, Hermes, Brother, or Facit Glectronic typewriter," If your dealer hasn't heard about SuperCord, show him this ad and have him order a SuperCord for you from any one of the distributors or representatives listed in this ad. When you receive your SuperCord, send us this ad, your original store receipt showing the SuperCord model and serial number and we'll send you a rebate check for $25.00, Southern California Gary Lubin & Associates 6518 Fulton Avenue Van Nuys. 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Glenuille Richardson, Texas 75081 (214) 699-8698 Ohio Valley Astro Kam 672 Alpha Dr. Cleveland. Ohio 44143 (216) 461-4500 DISTRIBUTED BY: B.A. Pargh Co., Inc. Ames Supply 1280 Murfreesboro Road 2537 Curtiss Street Nashville, Tcnnesse 37217 Downers Grove, Illinois 60515 (615) 361-3600 (312) 964-2440 'See your dealer for exact model number. Rebate program ends August 31, 1983 Ziggic by Dennis Piircell Triangle experiment by Jock Gill K... 3D.. >D.. 2R >1 hexagon element 2<... 6<1>.. hexagon K... 2<... 3<... 3D.. <D.. 2R >1 6<1>.. 2R >2 6 < 2 > . . hexagon with 60 degree turn 6 hexagons (motif #1) Pegasus In/ 12 year old computer summer camper Seascape by Clifford Wong Another thing that pleased me about Delta Drawing is that when children are using shapes like triangles, squares, and circles - they are not dealing with them in an abstract, adult sense. After all, shapes by themselves are boring. But shapes that resemble real-world objects like hats, planets, boxes, mountains, etc., are interesting. And shapes that can be combined into "building blocks" to make a new world are even more inter- esting. With Delia Draiving, Catie not only com- bined the shapes, she created new shapes to act as the proper building blocks for the world she was trying to create. The Catie Robot Makes A Circle With both Catie and Eric (three years old), I had tried the classic Logo experiment where you get the child to play "turtle" and figure out how to walk in a circle around the floor. I had often tried, but 1 had always failed. The easy part was getting Catie and Eric to play turtle and figure out how to draw a circle. Thev took a baby step forward then made a small turn to the right. Then they repeated two steps over and over until they made a circle. Fine. But then came the hard part - entering a program into the computer to make the turtle do what Catie and Eric had discovered so easily. 156 COMPUTE! June 1983 This is where I hit a brick wall. Catie and Eric had no interest in creating a "circle" procedure (program) in Logo. In fact, they never got past the first command - FORWARD or FD. For Catie and Eric, it was too much effort for too little reward. And they didn't want to wait for the computer to learn the procedure. Why couldn't the computer obey them and make the circle immediately? With Logo it couldn't, but with Delta Drawing it could. To make a circle, Catie typed D (Draw) and R (Right), then D and R, then D and R again. As she typed, DeeDee responded and drew the circle. It was easy to type D and R, and Catie got immediate results. After drawing the circle for the first time, she colored it orange with just a single command - CTRL-F. Then, on her own, she figured out how to make DeeDee move around the edge of the circle and make rays. She had turned her circle into a sun. Our First Delta Drawing Program Catie and I were doing great- until I accidentally bumped the "1" button on the keyboard and Catie's beautiful picture disappeared. I thought she was going to kill me. Quickly, I scanned the card with the com- mand summary, looking for an "Unerase" button. "Why did that happen?" I grumbled. "Stupid program!" I didn't find an unerase command on the card, but I did discover the "T" (text) command. I pushed the T button. DeeDee vanished. The screen filled with words. There was Catie's program! It was still there. I flipped through the big manual. A moment later I realized what I had done. By accident, when I pressed the "1" button, I had saved Catie's pic- ture as a program - program #1. To get the picture back, I had to call the program. Doing that was unbelievably easy. I just had to push the "1" button again. We switched back to DeeDee by pressing the "G" (Graphics) button. Then Catie pushed the "1" button, and, superfast, DeeDee drew and painted her picture. It was good as new. Automatic Pictures That's when Catie and I discovered the "A" button. The A button executes the Automatic command. The Automatic command automati- cally calls the last saved program and obeys it - over and over until you punch the ESC (escape) button. I had a brainstorm. I had Catie type in a CTRL- D (a half-draw) and a CTRL-R (a half-turn right). DeeDee did her stuff. Then I told Catie to press the "1" button. She did. Now we had a program that, when we pressed "T", looked like this: 1< ... "d.. 'r... >1 The program looked puny and not very ex- citing. What was it good for? To find out, I asked Catie how we could make DeeDee automatically obey program #1 - over and over. With just a moment's thought, Catie pressed the "A" button. A couple of seconds later, we had a circle! To get DeeDee to stop drawing, Catie pressed the ESC button. Catie and I were excited: using program #1 as a building block, we had created a "circle" program - program #2. We saved pro- gram #2 by pressing the "2" button. We drew circles all over the picture screen and got DeeDee to paint them different colors. Then we tried something simpler and neater. We erased all our current commands by typing CTRL-E. We pressed the "T" button. Our first two programs were still intact. We pressed 2 and got a quick circle. Then we pressed the "L" button. DeeDee turned 30 degrees to the left. We saved these two commands as program #3. The first three programs looked like this: Program #1 1< ... *D.. "R... >1 Program #2 2< ... 25<1> ... >2 This came from pressing the A button. . Program #3 3< ... <2> .. L ... >3 When you see a number inside brackets, like <2>, it means you are calling a program - this time program #2. The 25<1> means you are calling program #1 25 times. We got the computer to do this just by pressing the A button - once! - and the ESC button to stop DeeDee. Next Catie typed the A button. DeeDee drew a circle, turned left 30 degrees, drew another circle, turned left 30 degrees, drew another circle, and so on. In about a minute she